水下攻防作战体系研究

体系化对抗是未来海战的重要发展方向。通过调研国外水下作战体系的研究进展,对水下攻防体系进行定义、研究和分解,初步形成其主要的装备组成、系统划分及功能等,并对于攻防体系的典型任务进行分析,提出相关启示与建议,为我国未来的海上装备发展规划提供借鉴。     

车路协同环境下驾驶行为特性与交通安全综述

随着车路协同技术的发展,车路协同安全应用的相关技术是否会影响驾驶人的感知、判断、操作等驾驶行为受到愈来愈多的关注.基于这样的背景,通过对国内外车路协同技术的当前研究进展进行综述,分析车路协同环境下驾驶行为的变化,从而得出在车路协同安全应用技术全面推广之前,应充分评估车路协同技术对驾驶人行为,以及驾驶安全可靠性的影响,特别是如何最大限度地发挥其安全保障作用.     

无协作目标全站仪在建筑物倾斜观测中的应用

针对建筑物倾斜影响建筑物的质量和美观等现象,尤其是传统经纬仪观测法如投点法、铅锤观测法、利用沉降求倾斜量等方法已经不适应新形势下对建筑物倾斜观测的要求.通过工程案例,利用无协作目标全站仪对建筑物主体结构倾斜度进行了观测,并应用拟合的方法对建筑物墙面的倾斜度进行拟合运算,分析了它的测量精度,通过实例,对其可靠性进行了论证.     

基于邻域极值数的协同粒子群优化算法

提出了一种基于邻域极值数的协同粒子群优化算法。该算法将种群分为若干个独立进化的子种群。根据邻域极值数确定各子种群的生存状态。根据子种群的生存状态对子种群实施相应的控制操作,提高子种群的搜索能力,实现子种群之间的信息共享,共同进化。测试结果表明基于邻域极值数的协同粒子群优化算法是一种高效稳健的全局优化算法。     

Accommodating perceptual conditioning in the valuation of expected travel time savings for cars and public transport

Travel time variability (i.e., random variations in travel time) leads to a travel time distribution for a repeated trip from a fixed origin to destination (e.g., from home to work). To represent travel time variability, a series of possible travel times per alternative (departure time, route or mode) are often used in stated choice experiments. In the traditional models, the probabilities associated with different travel scenarios (e.g., arriving early, on time and late) shown in the experiments are directly used as weights. However, evidence from psychology suggests that the shown probabilities may be transformed (underweighted or overweighted) by respondents. To account for this transformation of probabilities, this study incorporates perceptual conditioning through a non-linear probability weighting function into a utility maximisation framework, within which the empirical estimate of the value of expected travel time savings is estimated. The key advantage of this framework is that the estimated willingness to pay value can be directly linked to the source of utility (i.e., the probability distribution of travel time), while taking into account the perceptual transformation of probabilities.     

An application of interactive management information systems to environmental planning: Coastal zone management

Recent emphasis in comprehensive planning for coastal zone regions has created the need for more effective tools for information processing and analysis to aid policymakers and planners in developing strategies for preservation of coastal zone areas. New agencies with broad powers have been created at both state and federal levels to deal with growth management in large coastal regions. However, coastal zone management (CZM) agencies have not yet been able to deal effectively with development processes. A “holding action”; is being maintained in the face of mounting pressure by developers, while planners struggle to develop (1) a data base with sufficient detail for planning; (2) a fair and rapid process for reviewing environmental impact statements and granting of development permits; and (3) a system for making the development permit application process more routine. The key to success of the CZM process is the development of a management information system (MIS) created explicitly for CZM. The prototypical system designed by the authors combines graphic display capabilities (i.e., map display) with interactive on‐line computing and large storage‐capacity computers. Problems of data structure development are documented, together with problems of assembling a large‐scale, highly detailed data base. Of particular importance is the need for well‐developed objectives and specifications for the use of computer‐based data in resolving disputes on environmental issues. A set of objectives and specifications for a prototypical coastal zone MIS is developed. The system is described in detail, showing how its capabilities directly address policy questions formulated by coastal zone planners.     

基于新课标高中英语合作教学方法探讨

在新课程理念下,教师的教学方法和学生的学习方式、教师与学生在课堂中的地位和关系等都发生着较大的转变,本文探讨了新课标背景下合作教学方法。     

SWATH船稳定鳍的优化设计

建立了SWATH船稳定鳍优化的数学模型,并针对模型多设计变量、非线性和多约束等特点采用了遗传算法对其进行了优化求解．然后,以SWATH-6A为实例对稳定鳍的安装位置、展长和弦长进行了优化,并将优化结果跟已有的一对鳍进行了比较研究．从仿真结果来看,在相同的条件下文中优化得到的稳定鳍能使SWATH船的各方面性能都更好．     

大学英语教师课堂行为探究

大学英语教师的教育教学行为直接影响到大学英语教学成果的好坏。通过调查访谈,查明大学英语教师课堂行为存在的问题,并提出一系列改进的途径,实现多样化教学。     

智能网联环境下的混合交通流LWR模型

LWR（Lighthill,Whitham and Richards,LWR）模型可推演交通流宏观状态演化过程,在智能网联环境下混有协同自适应巡航控制（Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control,CACC）车辆混合交通流LWR模型的研究,可为该混合交通流的宏观动力学特性分析提供理论工具。应用加州伯克利PATH真车试验验证的CACC模型作为CACC车辆跟驰模型,采用智能驾驶人模型（Intelligent Driver Model,IDM）模拟驾驶人在智能网联环境中的"智能"驾驶特性。基于不同CACC车辆比例下的混合交通流基本图,证明混合交通流基本图的切线斜率为交通波在混合车队中传播的波速,建立混合交通流LWR模型的一般性解析框架,得到混有CACC车辆的混合交通流LWR模型。最后,针对LWR模型冲击波特性,在6组平衡态条件下进行数值仿真试验。研究结果表明：所建立的混合交通流LWR模型可较好地描述不同CACC车辆比例时冲击波在混合车队中的传播波速;冲击波波速理论值与仿真均值的相对误差基本控制在10%以内,当冲击波处于由正向波转变为反向波的过渡阶段时,相对误差较大,为19%~26%,但绝对误差仍然较小。研究结果一方面可为混有CACC车辆的交通流宏观状态演化提供理论参考,具有推动该混合交通流其他宏观模型研究进展的积极作用;另一方面,建立的混合交通流LWR模型解析框架能够适应CACC车辆与人工-网联车辆跟驰模型选取的多样性,同时可为其他类型混合交通流LWR模型的建立提供理论支撑。