加肋有限圆柱壳体的边界条件对其振动和声辐射的影响

采用结构有限元耦合流体边界元的附加质量附加阻尼算法,建立了加肋有限圆柱壳体的有限元模型,并采用该模型对十四种方案的水下振动和声辐射进行了分析,讨论了模型边界条件对其水下振动和声辐射的影响规律以及在采用舱段模型代替整艇模型进行噪声估算时中间舱段长度的选取原则。结果表明用一个舱段模拟整艇的动态特性容易造成低频整体模态振型的缺失,在舱段首阶弯曲振动的模态频率以上,采用舱段来预报整艇的表面振动和辐射声功率是可以接受的;当整艇艇长不超过中间舱段长度的两倍时,可以采用舱段模型代替整艇模型进行噪声估算。     

跨海大桥桥墩防撞方案设计

以东海大桥桥墩防撞方案设计为背景,论述复杂环境下桥墩防撞设计的基本方法,对比若干可行方案。引入港 口工程中常见的大直径薄壁圆筒结构,构造一种新型的桥墩防撞系统,并给出具体构造,其良好的受力条件和地基适应性 表明：用于桥墩防撞设施具备一定的可行性。设计构造措施对同类环境下桥梁防撞设计具有一定的参考意义。     

无侧限圆柱形试件与试槽土基的回弹模量关系研究

针对季节性冰冻地区路基土回弹模量的变化,通过室内试槽土基回弹模量试验,对相同状态下的土体分别进行了室内试槽土基刚性承载板和无侧限圆柱形试件回弹模量试验,建立了无侧限圆柱形试件与试槽土基承载板试验回弹模量之间的关系.为下一步进行大量的季节性冰冻地区冻融循环作用下,无侧限圆柱形试件抗压回弹模量换算为试槽土基承载板试验回弹模量提供依据.     

架桥机滚柱轮结构最佳空心度研究

以某架桥机中使用的圆柱滚子轮系统为研究对象,针对滚柱轮结构中等效和接触应力的边缘效应,提出了采用空心滚柱轮的设计方案,以降低其边缘应力。采用有限元分析方法,对不同空心度下的滚柱轮最危险区域的等效应力和接触应力进行了详细计算。计算结果表明:对于等效应力,滚柱轮的最佳空心度为42%;对于接触应力,滚柱轮的最为合理的空心度为50%。综合考虑等效应力最小及接触应力的合理分布,滚柱轮的最佳空心度范围可取为42%~50%。     

Strength reliability analysis of stiffened cylindrical shells considering failure correlation

The stiffened cylindrical shell is commonly used for thepressure hull of submersibles and the legs of offshore platforms.There are various failure modes because of uncertainty with thestructural size and material properties, uncertainty of the calculationmodel and machining errors. Correlations among failure modesmust be considered with the structural reliability of stiffenedcylindrical shells. However, the traditional method cannot considerthe correlations effectively. The aim of this study is to present amethod of reliability analysis for stiffened cylindrical shells whichconsiders the correlations among failure modes. Firstly, the jointfailure probability calculation formula of two related failure modesis derived through use of the 2D joint probability density function.Secondly, the full probability formula of the tandem structuralsystem is given with consideration to the correlations among failuremodes. At last, the accuracy of the system reliability calculation isverified through use of the Monte Carlo simulation. Result of theanalysis shows the failure probability of stiffened cylindrical shellscan be gained through adding the failure probability of each mode.     

波导中带帽圆柱壳的声辐射快速预报(英文)

In order to predict acoustic radiation from a structure in waveguide, a method based on wave superposition is proposed, in which the free-space Green's function is used to match the strength of equivalent sources. In addition, in order to neglect the effect of sound reflection from boundaries, necessary treatment is conducted, which makes the method more efficient. Moreover, this method is combined with the sound propagation algorithms to predict the sound radiated from a cylindrical shell in waveguide. Numerical simulations show the effect of how reflections can be neglected if the distance between the structure and the boundary exceeds the maximum linear dimension of the structure. It also shows that the reflection from the bottom of the waveguide can be approximated by plane wave conditionally. The proposed method is more robust and efficient in computation, which can be used to predict the acoustic radiation in waveguide.     

石灰处理软土路基当量回弹模量换算新方法

在分析了现行设计规范中当量回弹模量计算公式缺陷的基础上,通过大量计算分析,以等效弯沉的原则,回归出了荷载作用半径为15cm的换算公式。修正后的新公式适用于天津地区石灰土与原状软土模量比小于8且石灰处理厚度大于20cm的路基顶当量回弹模量换算。     

船舶主机高压油泵故障的原因探析与预防措施

通过对某新造船舶主机在试航阶段出现的高压油泵柱塞和套筒全部抱死的事故,分析出现故障的原因,继而分析可能引起9S50MC-C型柴油机的单体回油孔式高压油泵柱塞和套筒卡阻或咬死的原因,并结合多年的船舶管理工作经验,提出防止高压油泵柱塞套筒咬死故障的措施,以供船上和岸上轮机管理人员借鉴.     

基于三阶段最小二乘法探究诱增交通量

在诱增交通量的预测中,中国现有统计数据在精度和广度上的局限性,容易造成计算结果存在遗漏变量偏误和测量误差偏误;同时变量之间的相关性容易导致计算结果存在联立性问题。为克服这些问题,采用工具变量法中的三阶段最小二乘法探讨道路供给与交通需求之间的关系。基于国家统计数据库数据,选择车辆出行距离、民用汽车拥有量和交通拥堵水平三个内生变量构建联立方程模型,采用三阶段最小二乘法对联立方程进行估计,并给出短期、长期弹性系数的求解方法。结果表明,道路建设会导致车辆出行距离增加,不能解决中国城市交通拥堵问题,而大力发展公共交通可以降低交通拥堵水平。     

对心碰撞过程的分析及一种新的解法

详细讨论了碰撞过程中两小球的相互作用、形变及能量交换过程,对比完全非弹性碰撞、一般非弹性碰撞和完全弹性碰撞中的形变及能量变化特点,引入弹性度k的概念,给出弹性度k与恢复系数e的对应关系,给出了碰撞的一种新解法。