哈大线电务设备烧损的原因分析及解决措施

哈大线电气化铁道自2001年开通运营至今,牵引供电设备故障曾多次引发烧损电务设备的事故,不仅给牵引供电设备、电务信号设备造成了损失,还严重干扰了运输秩序.为积累经验,吸取教训,现探讨一下哈大线牵引供电故障引发电务设备烧损的初步原因及解决措施.     

大型散货船船体损伤事故及对策研究

该文对近年来发生的大量大型散货船船体损伤及沉船事故的结构力学原因及管理原因进行了全面研究分析，指出了船体结构设计缺陷部位和管理不善的要点。具体描述了破损发展过程。提出了新散货船船体结构型式的改进方案；提出了现有散货船船体结构的加强措施；提出了加强管理的具体意见。     

有损伤简支桥梁的波动分析

大跨度桥梁这种大、轻、柔结构在承受扰动时,响应呈现明显的波动现象.出于对该类结构进行局部控制和健康安全监测的需要,应用回传射线矩阵法,对方波脉冲作用下的有损伤简支桥梁进行波动分析.桥梁结构的局部损伤用减小单元的杨氏模量来模拟.比较方波作用下有损伤结构与无损伤结构跨中处的弯矩波,研究损伤程度对弯矩波的影响.结果表明,当方波脉冲以力偶方式作用时,通过结构跨中处的弯矩波曲线能够准确的判断损伤存在,确定损伤位置和损伤区域.     

平面应力状态下J积分与KI关系的推导

在文献[1，2]的平面应变状态下J积分与应力强度因子KI关系推导的基础上，详细地推导了平面应力状态下J积分与应力强度因子KI的关系，这方面推导具有重要的理论价值与参考意义。     

装配式斜板桥病害分析及改进措施

阐明了装配式斜板桥经过运营后存在的典型病害，分析其产生的主要原因，并提出类似工程预防此类病害的改进措施。     

大跨度桥梁损伤诊断研究

建立简化的汀九斜拉桥有限元模型 (FEM) ,计算该桥的动力特性 ,利用完备模态应变能法 (CMSE)进行该桥的损伤诊断数值仿真试验。结果表明简化的汀九斜拉桥 FEM能够反映真实结构的动力特性 :完备模态应变能法适用于低频密频的大跨度斜拉桥、悬索桥等柔性结构 ,并且只需少量低阶模态即可保证结构损伤诊断精度     

沥青混凝土路面防水剂路用性能试验研究

目前,沥青混凝土路面在我国高速公路建设中得到了广泛的推广和应用,而水损害是沥青混凝土路面早期破坏的主要原因之一。文章通过对沥青混凝土路面防水剂防水性能进行对比试验,表明沥青混凝土防水剂可以有效的封堵沥青混凝土内部孔隙,防止水分进入混凝土内部,可以起到防水路面水损害的作用,同时指出沥青混凝土防水剂对路面抗滑性能存在负面影响等应注意的问题。     

散货船横向强度有限元分析

利用MSC/Nastran软件探讨了散货船横向强度的计算方法.文中给出了外载荷的计算方法和边界条件的施加方法,并在五种工况下对一散货船进行了横向强度分析.通过有限元分析得到的结论可用于指导散货船的结构设计与优化.计算结果表明结构响应满足强度要求.     

Application of analytical model in the prediction of dynamic responses and fatigue damage of flexible risers: Part II – Dynamic analysis of flexible risers in large-scale domain using a direct moment correction method

In recent years, the dynamic responses of flexible risers have been the focus of many researchers. Most flexible risers undergo a substantial level of irregular motion from environmental loadings, which involves a continuous slip of helical wires. The slip of helical wires especially leads to a hysteretic effect by reducing the bending stiffness, making it hard to predict the dynamic responses of flexible risers. The current study, as an extension to Part I, presents a new large-scale dynamic analysis method for flexible risers. The suggested method creates a large-scale model for the dynamic analysis that considers a geometric and bending nonlinearity of flexible risers. The kinematics of each beam element is formulated based on a Green-Lagrangian strain and the interaction with the seabed, providing a realistic analysis of flexible risers. In particular, the current study introduces a direct moment correction method that modifies the internal force vector using an improved analytical model. The improved analytical model is assigned at each node of the large-scale model and estimates an accurate bending hysteresis curve considering the effect of shear deformation and varying tension. The suggested method corrects the bending moment and shear force of all beam elements based on the bending hysteresis curves obtained from the improved analytical model, by which a complex bending behavior of flexible risers is reflected in a large-scale domain. As a result, this study achieves a more accurate prediction of the dynamic responses and fatigue damage of flexible risers. A new dynamic analysis program, called OPFLEX, is developed herein based on the suggested analysis method. Using the developed program, the current study conducts several numerical investigations to identify the effect of the shear deformation and varying tension. Consequently, it is confirmed that the shear deformation of internal layers reduces the fatigue damage of helical wires by delaying the increase of internal stress. It is also identified that the effect of varying tension deteriorates the fatigue life of flexible risers through a continuous change of contact pressure during bending.     

高等级公路路基拓宽工程处治技术探讨

该文针对高等级公路路基拓宽工程常见的病害,将拓宽路基进行模型简化,通过对实际项目进行计算分析,提出了加强新老路基结合面的处治,路基加筋,拓宽部分路基地基处理,拓宽路基填料及压实度控制等具体处治措施来减小新老路基交界面产生的沉降差。其成果对今后路基拓宽工程实际项目中处治措施的选择、设计和施工具有重要的借鉴和指导意义。