有限长双层壳体声辐射理论及数值分析

研究流场中有限长加筋双层圆柱壳受径向点激励的振动和声辐射性能。壳体的振动用Fluegge壳体方程描述，将加强构件等价为对内外壳体的支持力，采用Helmholtz波动方程、壳体表面的边界条件和傅氏变换方法求解声压的表达式，然后将其引入壳体振动方程，最后求解双层壳体声-流体-结构耦合方程，计算结果用辐射声功率、表面振动均方速度级和辐射效率的形式表示。讨论了有限长单、双层壳体声辐射性能的差别以及双层壳体壳间连接形式和实肋板参数的变化对其声辐射性能的影响，得出结论：当内壳受激振动，通过外壳向外场辐射噪声时，其主要通道为连接内外壳壳体的实肋板，其次才是环形流场中的流体介质。     

独立轮对柔性耦合径向转向架的导向特点

通过理论分析推导出独立轮对柔性耦合径向转向架最佳耦合刚度的表达公式,该公式表明:独立轮对柔性耦合径向转向架导向能力的好坏关键在于耦合刚度的选取,而耦合刚度的选取只与列车系统的二系悬挂纵向刚度、二系悬挂横向跨距、车辆定距、转向架轴距等内在结构参数有关,与列车运行速度和轨道曲线半径等外界环境参数无关。进一步的仿真分析表明:无论曲线半径、运行速度、未平衡离心加速度和轮对横移量等外界条件怎么变化,独立轮对柔性耦合径向转向架都会在二系悬挂系统和柔性耦合元件的协调作用下自动把前后轮对调整到径向位置,这不仅验证了理论推导公式的正确性,也佐证了独立轮对柔性耦合转向架面对复杂多变的外部环境确实具有很强的自适应径向调节能力。     

国外油压减振器在铁路机车车辆上的应用

从油压减振器在铁路机车车辆领域应用的作用原理和基本结构出发,介绍了在国内应用较多的国外减振器的结构和性能特征,从而提出相关的技术发展方向和借鉴新技术的想法,以推动国内油压减振器的质量提升。     

磁流变耦合轮对耦合度对轮轨力的影响

从理论上分析了磁流变耦合轮对转向架在小半径曲线和大半径曲线上的受力情况。围绕轮轨横向力这一重要曲线通过性能指标,分析了随着曲线半径的变化转向架前后轮对耦合度应该作怎样的调整才能使前后轮对的轮轨横向力更加匹配,从而改善转向架的曲线通过性能。利用数值仿真对理论分析进行了验证。     

车辆结构技术的最新进展

文章针对不锈钢制车体激光焊接区的强度评价法、复动式车钩缓冲器、减轻车体挠曲振动方法、带轴减振器的车体减振系统以及不锈钢车体的碰撞安全性等5个专题,介绍了车辆结构技术研究部的研究成果,阐述了技术发展动向。     

电机驱动装置悬挂参数对"弹性架悬"机车动力学性能的影响

利用多体动力学软件SIMPACK建立"弹性架悬"机车的半车简化模型和整车模型,分析电机驱动装置悬挂摆杆长度和电机驱动装置横向减振器阻尼对机车蛇行运动临界速度和机车主要横向动力学性能指标的影响,得出电机驱动装置悬挂摆杆长度和电机驱动装置横向减振器阻尼对机车动力学性能的影响规律.     

A semi-active control suspension system for railway vehicles with magnetorheological fluid dampers

The high-speed train has achieved great progress in the last decades. It is one of the most important modes of transportation between cities. With the rapid development of the high-speed train, its safety issue is paid much more attention than ever before. To improve the stability of the vehicle with high speed, extra dampers (i.e. anti-hunting damper) are used in the traditional bogies with passive suspension system. However, the curving performance of the vehicle is undermined due to the extra lateral force generated by the dampers. The active suspension systems proposed in the last decades attempt to solve the vehicle steering issue. However, the active suspension systems need extra actuators driven by electrical power or hydraulic power. There are some implementation and even safety issues which are not easy to be overcome. In this paper, an innovative semi-active controlled lateral suspension system for railway vehicles is proposed. Four magnetorheological fluid dampers are fixed to the primary suspension system of each bogie. They are controlled by online controllers for enhancing the running stability on the straight track line on the one hand and further improving the curving performance by controlling the damper force on the other hand. Two control strategies are proposed in the light of the pure rolling concept. The effectiveness of the proposed strategies is demonstrated by SIMPACK and Matlab co-simulation for a full railway vehicle with two conventional bogies.     

基于轴对称模型的货车车轮结构疲劳强度分析

为了分析铁路货车车轮的疲劳强度,建立了车轮轴对称模型,根据国际铁路联盟标准UIC510-5/2003规定的计算载荷和载荷工况,计算了车轮的疲劳强度,用Goodman曲线对疲劳强度进行了评定。计算结果表明:在紧急制动的热载荷作用下,车轮辐板区域在制动70s时产生最大von_Mises应力;在紧急制动的热载荷与机械载荷联合作用下,车轮辐板区域在制动43s时产生最大von_Mises应力;在曲线紧急制动载荷工况的计算载荷作用下,车轮辐板区域的von_Mises应力最大;车轮辐板疲劳强度满足要求。     

Analysing queueing at toll plazas using a coupled,multiple-queue,queueing system model: application to toll plaza design

A vehicle approaching a toll plaza observes the queues at each of the available toll-lanes before choosing which to join. This choice process, the arrival process of vehicles and the service characteristics of the toll-booths, affect the queues and delay the drivers. In this paper, queueing at a toll plaza is modelled as a multiple-queue queueing system where the arrival process to a queue (toll-lane) is dependent on the state of all the queues. In the past, such systems have been modelled mathematically only for two queues and are not applicable for toll plazas with three or more toll-lanes. The proposed model determines the steady-state probability density function (pdf) for the queues at large toll plazas. This study is used to determine the number of toll-lanes or the length of the upstream queueing area required to achieve certain user-specified levels-of-service. Expected delay and maximum queue length are used as level-of-service measures. Indicative design charts are also provided.     

应用油阻尼器的斜拉索实索减振试验研究

应用一种国产油阻尼器进行了斜拉索实索减振试验研究。通过自由振动衰减曲线计算得到了拉索-油阻尼器系统前3阶模态的对数衰减率值。试验结果表明拉索的内阻尼很小,对数衰减率均值小于0.005,频率值则与理论计算值很接近。安装油阻尼器后拉索前3阶模态的对数衰减率均值达到了0.03以上,表明油阻尼器可有效抑制拉索的振动,拉索的频率在安装阻尼器后稍有增大。试验实测得到连接油阻尼器后拉索的对数衰减率值要小于理论计算值,导致这一差异的原因是由于阻尼器支架连接刚度、阻尼器连接件空隙的影响。因此,必须对拉索减振工程中阻尼器支架和连接件的设计安装予以重视。