巴黎公共自行车租赁点规划设计

总结了巴黎公共自行车租赁点规划中采用的出行需求预测方法,规划在分区基础上,根据居住人口、就业岗位、商业和设施4种类型,测算各区日均出行次数,进而确定公共自行车租赁点数量及自行车规模。阐述了租赁点定位的影响因素、定位方法及布设原则。详细分析了租赁点的布设方式,明确路边租赁点、人行道上的租赁点和行道树附近租赁点的布设要点,对自行车、停车桩、服务终端等设施也提出了相关要求。最后,在巴黎经验基础上指出,我国部分城市提出的“解决公交出行最后一公里”的公共自行车系统单一功能定位,不利于租赁点的合理布局;租赁点主要布设在人行道的做法也会引发新的交通问题。     

Train Energy-saving Scheme with Evaluation in Urban Mass Transit Systems

In the urban rail transport, factors influencing the consumption of operation energy of trains include the performance of train traction and breaking, weight of the train, the condition of line, the mode of signal blocking, and the mode of train control. The operation energy for trains can be saved by making alteration to the relevant conditions. This paper focuses on the influence of the line conditions on the energy conservation of the urban rail transit using case design and the system simulation. This paper studies energy conservation using the data obtained from the curve (especially small-radius curve), the ramp (divided into upper and lower ramp), and weight of the train. The paper also analyzes the condition for saving energy, which is obtained from the energy-saving slope, and designs energy-saving programs suitable for different section conditions.     

吹填造陆工程砂土地基沉降计算

针对目前越来越多的大面积吹填造陆工程中出现的地基沉降计算问题,对目前常用的大面积砂土地基沉降计算方法De Beer计算方法进行了分析研究。通过依托工程的现场试验数据对De Beer公式中所涉及的参数进行讨论,得出合适的沉降计算公式。最后通过比较现场实测沉降的预测值,证明该分析方法和流程可以很好地用于大面积砂土地基沉降计算中。     

高桩码头水上施工平台的设计计算

通过不同施工阶段、不同荷载形式,对高桩码头水上施工平台的主梁、次梁及牛腿等进行了受力计算,其强度、刚度及安全性能均满足规范及使用要求,保证了平台的安全性与稳定性。钢平台的搭设,确保了钻孔嵌岩灌注桩及其上部结构的顺利施工。     

舰船电子元器件自主可控现状与发展需求研究

近年来,我国信息化关键软硬件技术得到了长足发展,特别是基础电子元器件性能有了大幅度提升.然而,在信息化相关的电子元器件技术和产品上与国外还存在较大差距,制约了装备的国产化率和自主可控能力水平的进一步提升.本文分析舰船装备领域基础电子元器件的发展现状,并提出下一步的发展需求建议以及确保基础电子元器件自主可控的具体措施.     

Asymmetry in transport fuel demand: Evidence from household level data

Models for gasoline demand for transportation activities generally assume that demand is perfectly reversible with respect to gasoline price (and income). The small literature which relaxes the reversibility assumption in gasoline demand argues technological fixation leads to this asymmetry and utilizes aggregate time-series model to find evidence in favour of asymmetry. In this research it is suggested that there could also be behavioural factors behind this asymmetric response, possibly due to the loss aversion nature of human beings as described in the prospect theory. For the first time, household level data was used to understand asymmetry in gasoline demand in response to changes in gasoline price and income. There was statistical evidence that gasoline price and income both can induce asymmetric changes in gasoline demand among households. Specifically, elasticity with respect to rising prices and falling income is larger than the elasticity with respect to falling prices and rising income respectively, which is consistent with loss aversion in gasoline purchase behaviour. There was also some evidence of heterogeneity in the asymmetric responses between urban and rural households. The results have implications for transport-related energy tax policies or subsidies, while the method can be applied directly for non-energy goods as well.     

Tradable credits for managing car travel: a review of empirical research and relevant behavioural approaches

Recently, there has been a surge of interest in Tradable Credits (TC) as an alternative measure to manage the growth of personal car use. This paper summarises the results and methodologies of studies that have sought to anticipate the behavioural responses to several proposed TC schemes that target personal travel. In a critical reflection on this work and in an attempt to inspire future research, we argue that future empirical studies on TC behaviours can greatly benefit from insights from the fields of behavioural economics and cognitive psychology. Therefore, in the second part of the paper, we bring together behavioural concepts from these fields that are relevant in a TC decision-making context. Based on observations from current TC studies and the behavioural mechanisms identified in the second part of the paper, we propose promising directions for future research on understanding the impact of TC on personal car travel.     

Long-term impact of the Shinkansen on rail and air demand: analysis with data from Northeast Japan

This paper analyses how the high-speed rail construction in Northeast Japan (Tohoku) has affected total demand and interregional travel patterns. We use annual interregional passenger data from 1989 to 2012 and apply regression analysis with the demand between Tokyo and the Tohoku prefectures as the dependent variable. We distinguish particularly between the ‘Full-’ and the ‘Mini-’ Shinkansen, where the latter are branch services running with reduced speed. We find that the ‘Full-Shinkansen’ quickly increases rail and total public transport trips and generates additional rail demand year on year. The ‘Mini-Shinkansen’ impacts are less pronounced. Furthermore, our analysis shows that the Shinkansen has shifted some demand from air to rail once it started operation and increased rail share gradually. We therefore suggest that predictions of demand impacts should carefully distinguish immediate from gradual impacts. We also discuss differences in regional demand in that not all prefectures have gained equally from Shinkansen construction.     

基于神经网络的道路通行能力与交通需求匹配度判别研究

交通的供需是否匹配关系到城市和枢纽的发展前景。文中在探讨道路通行能力与需求匹配特性的基础上,用BP神经网络理论建立一种交通匹配预测模型。该模型发挥神经网络的优势,对数据并行处理和分布存储,通过训练、学习产生一个非线性映射,自适应地对数据进行预测。通过相关数据实验证明,该神经网络模型有较高的精度,并有较好的适用性。     

基于寿命分布的备件需求计算模型分析

根据指数分布、正态分布和威布尔分布的寿命分布类型,对航海装备的一些维修备件进行分类,并提出了在满足备件保障度下这三种寿命分布类型备件的需求计算模型,对一些备件需求预测实例进行了预测计算。