Pole location control design of an active suspension system with uncertain parameters

This paper addresses the problem of robust control design for an active suspension quarter-car model by means of state feedback gains. Specifically, the design of controllers that assure robust pole location of the closed-loop system inside a circular region on the left-hand side of complex plane is investigated. Three sufficient conditions for the existence of a robust stabilizing state feedback gain are presented as linear matrix inequalities: (i) the quadratic stability based gain; (ii) a recently published condition that uses an augmented space and has been here modified to cope with the pole location specification; (iii) a condition that uses an extended number of equations and yields a parameter-dependent state feedback gain. Unlike other parameter-dependent strategies, neither extensive gridding nor approximations are needed. In the suspension model, the sprung mass, the damper coefficient and the spring constant are considered as uncertain parameters belonging to a known interval (polytope type uncertainty). It is shown that the parameter-dependent gain proposed allows one to impose the closed-loop system pole locations that in some situations cannot be obtained with constant feedback gains.     

多因素作用下隧道衬砌内力随时间变化规律

针对隧道初期支护和二次衬砌施作间隔时间短的工程特点,为掌握类似条件下衬砌受力变化的规律,分析二次衬砌钢筋轴力监测数据及相应的施工工况,研究隧道开挖、围岩蠕变、隧道衬砌刚度等因素对二次衬砌钢筋轴力变化的影响,如二次衬砌钢筋轴力变化曲线可分为2个明显的双曲线变化阶段：第一阶段主要受隧道开挖和隧道衬砌刚度的影响,围岩蠕变明显,在其作用下二次衬砌钢筋轴力明显增加,且轴力变化至少在1年后才趋于稳定,第一阶段大约持续33d,此阶段隧道衬砌刚度基本形成,而后二次衬砌钢筋变化进入第二阶段;第二阶段变化主要受围岩蠕变的影响。     

完善概念模型,探究工程项目成本管理理念

工程项目成本控制是企业生存和发展的血脉系统,是企业通过高质量的生产管理水平提升市场竞争力的根基依赖。本文从项目成本控制的概念模型出发,探究了从工程预算到偏差控制的项目成本控制理念,并且从寻求能够实现工程项目成本控制的实效途径出发,提出了采用阶段性成本控制工作转化来优化成本控制主线的建议。     

Construction of expression vector for NT4-ADNF-9 fusion gene

Objective To construct the prokaryotic expression vector bearing fusion gene NT4-ADNF-9 and lay foundation for further study on genetic therapy of neuraseusory deafness. Methods By means of asymmetrical prince/ template, double stranded eDNA of activity dependent neurotrophic factor-9 (ADNF-9) was obtained, which included restriction enzymes sites on the two extremities. ADNF-9 eDNA was ligated to the signal and leader peptides of nenrotrophin 4 (NT4), and the fusion gene was named NT4-ADNF-9. Then it was suheluned into prokaryotic expression vector pBV220, and called pBV220/ NT4-ADNF-9. Results Evidences of DNA sequence analysis and restrtction enzymes digestion showed that we recombined ADNF-9 eDNA to the 3'terminal of the signal and leader peptides of NT4, and the fusion gene was subcluned into pBV220 successfully. Bioactivity of the products was proved that it could support the cell survival and neurite growth in the primary cultures of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of embryonic day-8 cbicken neurons as compared to the control. Conclusion Prokaryotic expression vector pBV220/NT4-ADNF-9 can be constructed successfully and the bioactivtty is satisfactory.     

钢筋混凝土结构随机时变强度和刚度的模型及结构抗力分析

研究了钢筋混凝土结构时变抗力的多因素影响机制,探讨了钢筋、混凝土材料强度的时变衰减规律,给出了钢筋混凝土构件的随机时变抗力模型。考虑结构刚度的时变性,提出了时变刚度的简化模型,并以高层水塔为例,根据所提出的强度、刚度和抗力随机时变模型对水塔结构构件的时变抗力进行了计算分析。     

The effects of social networks on choice set dynamics: Results of numerical simulations using an agent-based approach

Activity-based analysis has slowly shifted gear from the analysis of daily activity patterns to the analysis and modeling of dynamic activity-travel patterns. In this paper, we address one type of dynamics: the formation and adaptation of location choice sets under influence of dyad relationships within social networks. It extends the dynamic model developed in earlier work, which simulates habitual behavior versus exploitation and exploration as a function of discrepancies between dynamic, context-dependent aspiration levels and expected outcomes. Principles of social comparison and knowledge transfer are used in modeling the impact of social networks through information exchange, adaptations of spatial choice sets and formation of common aspiration levels. We demonstrate model properties using numerical simulation with a case study of shopping activities.     

结构可靠性分析中结构能力统计特征的正确确定

在船舶结构界可靠性方法已得到越来越广泛的应用，在进行现有船舶的可靠性分析或对新船制订可靠性设计规范时，必须要首先确定能力与载荷的统计特征，在已发表的文献中，用于确定结构能力统计特征的方法甚至基本概念并不十分统一，本文旨在对有些概念和方法作一澄清。两类随机变量必须要区分开，即基本随机变量和从属随机变量，对于从属随机变量统计特征的确定，本文介绍了一种精确高效的确定其均值和标准差的方法，本文还对一些不正确步骤以及忽略某些信息带来的后果进行了讨论，归纳出了一些可供参考的结论。     

基于虚拟仿真的某越野车后悬架杆件控制点优化设计

利用ADAMS/Car建立某越野车三杆式螺旋弹簧非独立悬架模型,对该悬架的两种工况进行动力学仿真分析。先求出影响整车操纵稳定性的后桥轴转向角的初始值,然后利用ADAMS软件Insight模块,以轴转向角趋近于0为目标,以后悬架杆件控制点的坐标为变量进行优化设计,得到控制点的坐标值,使整车操纵稳定性得到改善。     

Infinite clusters in locally dependent percolation on ℤ d

Techniques of Burton-Keane, developed earlier for independent percolation on ℤ ^d , are adapted to the setting of locally dependent percolation on ℤ ^d for d ⩾ 2. The main result of this paper is a uniqueness theorem, that there exists almost surely a unique infinite out-cluster in locally dependent percolation on ℤ ^d , under the finite energy condition.     

Time-dependent green vehicle routing problem with stochastic vehicle speeds: An approximate dynamic programming algorithm

This paper addresses a Time Dependent Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem with stochastic vehicle speeds and environmental concerns. The problem has been formulated as a Markovian Decision Process. As distinct from the traditional attempts on the problem, while estimating the amount of fuel consumption and emissions, the model takes time-dependency and stochasticity of the vehicle speeds into account. The Time Dependent Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem is known to be NP-Hard for even deterministic settings. Incorporating uncertainty to the problem increases complexity, which renders classical optimization methods infeasible. Therefore, we propose an Approximate Dynamic Programming based heuristic as a decision aid tool for the problem. The proposed Markovian Decision Model and Approximate Dynamic Programming based heuristic are flexible in terms that more environmentally friendly solutions can be obtained by changing the objective function from cost minimization to emissions minimization. The added values of the proposed decision support tools have been shown through computational analyses on several instances. The computational analyses show that incorporating vehicle speed stochasticity into decision support models has potential to improve the performance of resulting routes in terms of travel duration, emissions and travel cost. In addition, the proposed heuristic provides promising results within relatively short computation times.