VoIP中的丢帧补偿策略研究的概况

VoIP由于其分组交换方式及实时性特点,不能保证分组的可靠传输.阐述了造成VoIP质量不高的原因,比较了几种丢帧补偿策略的优缺点,介绍了G.723.1的插值补偿算法.     

Prediction of fatigue life and estimation of its reliability on the parts of an air suspension system

Air suspension systems have been implemented in various commercial vehicles, such as buses and special purpose trucks, because of the comfortable ride and easy height control. An evaluation of the durability of vehicle parts has been required for service life and safety starting in the early stages of design. The cyclic load applied to the vehicle can cause fatigue failure of parts, such as the suspension frame. This paper presents a method to predict the fatigue life of the suspension frame at the design stage of the air suspension system used in a heavy-duty vehicle. To estimate the fatigue life using the SN method, the Dynamic Stress Time History (DSTH) is necessary for the part of interest. DSTH can be obtained from the results of the flexible body dynamic analysis using the Belgian road simulation and the Modal Stress Recovery (MSR) method. Furthermore, the reliability of the predicted fatigue life can be evaluated by considering the variations in material properties. The probability and distribution of the expected life cycle can be obtained using experimental design with a minimum number of simulations. The advantage of using statistical methods to evaluate the life cycle is the ability to predict replacement time and the probability of failure of mass-produced parts. This paper proposes a rapid and simple method that can be effectively applied to the design of vehicle parts.     

Thermal design of automobile exhaust based thermoelectric generators: Objectives and challenges

The potential for thermoelectric power generation (via waste heat recovery onboard automobiles) to displace alternators and/or provide additional charging to a vehicle battery pack has increased with recent advances in thermoelectric material processing. In gasoline fueled vehicles (GFVs), about 40% of fuel energy is wasted in exhaust heat, while a smaller amount of energy (30%) is ejected through the engine coolant. Therefore, exhaust-based thermoelectric generators (ETEG) have been a focus for GFV applications since the late 1980s. The conversion efficiency of modern thermoelectric materials has increased more than three-fold in the last two decades; however, disputes as to the thermal design of ETEG systems has kept their overall efficiency at limited and insufficient values. There are many challenges in the thermal design of ETEG systems, such as increasing the efficiency of the heat exchangers (hot box and cold plate), maintaining a sufficient temperature difference across the thermoelectric modules during different operating conditions, and reducing thermal losses through the system as a whole. This paper focuses on a review of the main aspects of thermal design of ETEG systems through various investigations performed over the past twenty years. This paper is organized as follows: first, the construction of a typical ETEG is described. The heat balance and efficiency of ETEG are then discussed. Then, the third section of this paper emphasizes the main objectives and challenges for designing efficient ETEG systems. Finally, a review of ETEG research activities over the last twenty years is presented to focus on methods used by the research community to address such challenges.     

杭州地下空间发展展望与研究

地下空间作为城市有机体的一部分,在未来城市建设中担任着重要的角色。文章分析杭州城市地下空间(地下交通设施、地下综合体、地下市政设施、人防设施)发展的特点。从开发总量与人均水平、空间分布与开发深度、开发功能3个方面介绍杭州市地下空间开发利用的现状,分析其存在的问题主要为政策及管理方面与功能开发方面。同时介绍未来杭州地下城的发展策略,并展望其发展蓝图。最后分析杭州市地下空间开发建设过程中亟待思考与解决的工程技术问题,包括:特殊地质及工程技术问题(粉土、粉砂地层,淤泥地层,上软下硬地层等问题;近接施工技术,地下立交技术等)、地下工程防灾问题、景区环境保护问题、地下空间全生命周期数字化工程。     

基于有机朗肯循环的车用柴油机排气余热回收系统性能分析

利用设计的有机朗肯循环系统回收某重型车用柴油机的排气能量,通过台架试验,获得了变工况下柴油机排气余热能分布特性。分析了有机工质蒸发压力、过热度以及柴油机工况变化对有机朗肯循环系统性能的影响,以系统净输出功率和热效率为优化目标,确定了适用于有机朗肯循环系统的最佳蒸发压力。研究结果表明,当有机工质蒸发压力为1.8 MPa时,有机朗肯循环系统的净输出功率最大可以达到12.69kW,热效率可以达到11.19%;将有机工质加热至过热状态并不能明显提高有机朗肯循环系统的净输出功率。     

综合超前地质预报在小坪子隧洞中的运用研究

研究目的：研究如何在施工过程中对隧洞掌子面前方的地质条件进行预报，减少地质灾害的发生。研究方法：在超前地质预报的宏观预报、长期预报、短期预报、临近警报等不同阶段，以地质理论为基础，综合运用地质方法、地球物理勘探方法、钻探方法，结合实践经验进行研究。研究结果：得出了地质预报的阶段性和不同阶段的预报方法，提出了地质超前预报体系各方法的相互关系，得出了实施超前地质预报应采用的步骤、方法及实施时应注意的问题。研究结论：深埋长大隧洞施工过程中的地质预报，只有采取地质理论的、地球物理的、钻探的等综合的方法，并且按宏观的、长期的、短期的、临近的思路进行才能取得好的效果。     

一种高压水基喷雾灭火系统的设计

主要根据IMO海安会第71次会议通过的“913”决议,提出船舶机舱安装固定式水基喷雾灭火系统的设计要求,按照设计要求提出建造该系统的一种方案,通过试验,证明该系统有效可行。     

功率回收方式在大流量油泵、油马达试验系统中的应用

试验分析两种功率回收方式在大流量油泵、油马达系统中的应用,阐述两种功率回收系统的原理,计算两种试验系统的设备动力系数,分析了功率回收试验系统的应用前景。     

探地雷达技术在岩溶地质勘探中的应用

以新建田德线初勘探地雷达实测结果为依据,分别从探测原理、技术方法、成果分析这几个方面,探讨了在岩溶异常发育地区,如何发挥探地雷达的工程物探技术的作用。运用探地雷达技术,探查并圈定了溶蚀破碎、溶洞、溶沟、溶槽等岩溶地质异常范围。     

地震灾害对山区铁路路基工程的影响与对策研究

研究目的:我国是世界上遭受地震灾害最严重的国家之一.随着我国西部大开发战略的实施,广大的中西部山区铁路建设步伐进一步加快.分析我国高烈度地震区铁路路基抗震设计的理论及方法,总结5·12汶川大地震后对兰州、西安铁路局辖区铁路路基震害调查结果,归纳山区铁路路基工程震害机理及主要表现形式,提出路基工程防震减灾的技术措施和技术发展方向,研究铁路路基工程的抗震设计理论和抗震稳定性能对保障国民经济大动脉的畅通具有现实意义.研究结论:山区铁路选线必须贯彻"预防为主"的技术原则.重视施工及养护维修以减轻路基震害,提倡采用轻型路基支挡结构,建议加大设计理论的研究力度,尽快引入"减震、隔震、延性设计"等技术.