基于Fluent的空冷器管道系统流体均配研究

为了研究空冷器管道系统的流体均配问题,引入多孔介质模型,应用Fluent对空冷器的管道系统进行了数值模拟研究。结果表明:空冷器的压降越大,管道系统的流体分配越均匀;分流集合管与汇流集合管中的压力分布在一定程度上决定了管道系统的流体分配;分流集合管与汇流集合管中流体的流动方向相反有利于管道系统的流体均配,当二者的流体流动方向相同时,沿流动方向各支管流量依次增加。管道系统结构优化后,流体分配更均。     

沥青路面空隙率分布规律研究

空隙率是沥青路面最重要的体积参数之一,合适的空隙率是沥青路面长期使用能力的重要保证。一直以来,由于条件所限,无法进行路面空隙率数据的大规模采集,只能假设空隙率符合正态分布,而其真实分布规律却不得而知。使用无核密度仪采集沥青路面大量空隙率分布数据,利用拟合优度的Х^2检验及偏度、峰度检验拒绝空隙率分布的正态假设。     

Effect of the front and rear weight distribution ratio of a Formula car during maximum-speed cornering on a circuit

Because Formula cars are lighter than ordinary cars, the optimal settings for this type of car are thought to be different from those of a ordinary car. The front and rear weight distribution ratio of a vehicle is an important parameter that exerts a significant influence on critical cornering. The tendency of a ordinary car to under-steer during critical cornering is determined by the front and rear weight distribution ratio of the vehicle. Specifically, when the front of an ordinary FR (front-engine, rear wheel drive) vehicle is slightly heavier than the rear, the car tends to understeer during critical cornering. However, the optimal weight distribution ratio for critical cornering is not obvious for a formula car because of its lightness. This observation was investigated using a driving course similar to a real driving course to perform a maximum speed cornering simulations. It was found that a front to rear weight distribution ratio of 40:60 resulted in the fastest lap time. This ratio also gave the best results in the maximum-speed driving experiment performed using a driving simulator. Moreover, the maximum lateral acceleration during turning, the driving force, and the load movement of the inside and outside wheels was calculated using experimental driving force data and the concept of a tire friction circle. As a result, driving mechanics have been determined for a vehicle having a front/rear weight distribution ratio of 40:60 while traveling at maximum speed.     

Vehicle stability control system for enhancing steerabilty,lateral stability,and roll stability

The Vehicle stability control system is an active safety system designed to prevent accidents from occurring and to stabilize dynamic maneuvers of a vehicle by generating an artificial yaw moment using differential brakes. In this paper, in order to enhance vehicle steerability, lateral stability, and roll stability, each reference yaw rate is designed and combined into a target yaw rate depending on the driving situation. A yaw rate controller is designed to track the target yaw rate based on sliding mode control theory. To generate the total yaw moment required from the proposed yaw rate controller, each brake pressure is properly distributed with effective control wheel decision. Estimators are developed to identify the roll angle and body sideslip angle of a vehicle based on the simplified roll dynamics model and parameter adaptation approach. The performance of the proposed vehicle stability control system and estimation algorithms is verified with simulation results and experimental results.     

Fatigue design approach for the spot-welded T-type member using a simulated single spot-welded joint

In order to develop a fatigue design method for actual railroad car and commercial vehicle body structures using the fatigue data of simulated single spot-welded lap joints, we first analyzed the stress distribution and evaluated fatigue strength of spot-welded T-type members that are the components of actual railroad car and commercial vehicle body structures. Next, fatigue design approach of these members using the fatigue data of single spot-welded lap joints was investigated. From our results, we found that, even though there was a quantitative difference of fatigue strength between the single spot-welded joint and the actual members over the same number of fatigue cycles, through the use of appropriate correction, the fatigue design criterion of actual spot-welded members, such as those used in railroad car and commercial vehicle body, can be predicted using the fatigue strength of single spot-welded joint.     

桥梁荷载横向分布比拟正交异性板法的电算方法探讨

比拟正交异性板法,即G-M法,是目前确定桥梁荷载横向分布系数的一种常用方法。但是该方法计算过程繁冗,具有重复性,而且它所用到的计算图表粗略,每次所查读的影响系数K0和K1值都是估读,误差较大。该文通过运用多种计算机软件,整合G-M法的计算过程,使之快捷准确。并举例说明,可供桥梁设计人员参考。     

基于局部纹理统计模型的纹理图像检索

提出了局部纹理统计模型与改进的Log-likelihood统计相结合的纹理图像检索方法。首先设计了3种不同角度分辨率和空间分辨率的＂Uniform＂模式的局部二值模式,并且用其来提取图像特征,然后建立图像局部二值模式和局部方差的联合统计模型,最后用改进的Log-likelihood统计进行图像检索。提出的基于局部纹理统计模型的纹理图像检索算法具有旋转不变性,克服了LBP算法对旋转比较敏感的缺点。通过对Brodatz图像库中50类600幅纹理图像进行仿真试验,新算法能得到89.71%的平均查准率,与基于Gabor小波＋WMV组合算法相比,新提出算法的查准率提高了19.05%。     

车辆牌照相似字符识别研究

车牌识别（License Plate Recognition,简称LPR）作为智能交通系统中的核心技术,受到国内外科研学者的广泛关注。其中相似字符的识别是车牌识别的关键技术之一,也是提高车牌识别率的重要途径。     

行人穿越机动车流的平均临界间隙分析方法

通过研究行人穿越机动车流的平均临界间隙．对所观测的行人穿越间隙数据进行归纳分析,得出可接受穿越间隙的正态分布函数N（4.86,1．72）,并通过三种不同的方法逐一计算出平均临界间隙,可为今后的行人延误时间、通行能力以及与车辆之间的冲突分析研究提供解决方案。     

城镇公交线网布局优化方法研究

针对目前我国城镇公交线网布局不合理,层次结构不明显,线网重复率高,线网密度和覆盖率低等问题,基于客观性、可行性、实用性的原则,给出了城镇公交线网优化的思路、步骤及方法,从公交线路的优良度排序、区域分布特征、与轨道和枢纽的接驳、居民的反馈意见及公交运输部门的利益均衡等方面进行了合理性分析,并对优化方案进行了评价。最后,进行了实例验证。应用结果表明该方法可操作性强,能够很好的兼顾各方面的利益,是切实可行的。