船舶防污染作业等级评定量化研究

文章应用模糊数学评估方法,建立船舶防污染作业等级评定模型,为量化研究船舶防污染作业单位安全状况提供了具体的方法和依据。最后结合辖区实际进行了验证。     

Identifying multiclass vehicles using global positioning system data

It has been previously evidenced that global positioning system (GPS) data can be used to distinguish passenger cars from delivery trucks. In this paper, a machine learning approach is proposed to use GPS data to identify multiclass vehicles, including passenger cars, single unit trucks, and multi-trailer trucks. The method is acceleration and deceleration-based since it considers the variations of acceleration and deceleration as the most effective features to classify vehicles. The overall classification result for the three vehicle classes is about 75%. The major challenge is to distinguish single unit trucks from multitrailer trucks due to their somewhat similar mobility patterns. The paper also explores the impacts of GPS sampling frequency on vehicle classification. It is found that the proposed multiclass vehicle classification can be reasonably conducted if the data are collected frequently enough (i.e., every five seconds or more frequently) to capture the major acceleration and deceleration processes. The proposed method can be considered as a low-cost and non-intrusive approach to collect vehicle class information and to potentially supplement the existing classification schemes in urban areas.     

Rollover risk prediction of heavy vehicles by reliability index and empirical modelling

This paper focuses on a combination of a reliability-based approach and an empirical modelling approach for rollover risk assessment of heavy vehicles. A reliability-based warning system is developed to alert the driver to a potential rollover before entering into a bend. The idea behind the proposed methodology is to estimate the rollover risk by the probability that the vehicle load transfer ratio (LTR) exceeds a critical threshold. Accordingly, a so-called reliability index may be used as a measure to assess the vehicle safe functioning. In the reliability method, computing the maximum of LTR requires to predict the vehicle dynamics over the bend which can be in some cases an intractable problem or time-consuming. With the aim of improving the reliability computation time, an empirical model is developed to substitute the vehicle dynamics and rollover models. This is done by using the SVM (Support Vector Machines) algorithm. The preliminary obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

港口水工建筑物混凝土裂缝分级评估

为提高建筑物检测评估的准确性,在对混凝土裂缝分级评估时必须分清裂缝类型、裂缝成因,通过裂缝来判断结构中出现的问题。从港口水工建筑物常见的裂缝类型出发,分析常见裂缝形成原因,讨论了裂缝限制和分级标准,并通过检测评估案例说明裂缝分级评估应用。     

漫谈矿山法隧道技术讲座第一讲——围岩

阐述围岩的基本概念及其工程特性、围岩的分级及分类、围岩开挖后的动态、围岩的评价方法等。并对隧道开挖后周边围岩的稳定性问题进行探讨,认为曲面掌子面对确保掌子面稳定更为有利,但目前施工机械开挖曲面掌子面有一定困难,已有同行关注曲面掌子面,并进行施工试验;隧道开挖正朝着积极补强围岩的大断面开挖的方向发展。最后对设计、施工中应该关注的软弱围岩及特殊围岩的分类进行介绍。认为:大多数围岩是有自支护能力的;不良围岩是可以改造"为我所用"的;围岩荷载是可以控制的;不同的围岩其动态也是不同的。总体而言,隧道技术的发展都是围绕达到上述目的而发展的。     

贵州山区高速公路滑坡类型及特征分析

贵州山区高速公路建设中出现的滑坡主要有破碎岩体滑坡、堆积体滑坡、基岩顺层滑坡、填方路基滑坡等。介绍了不同地质条件下工程建设产生的滑坡类型、规模及影响,分析了滑坡的诱发因素,阐述了勘察设计过程中的重点和难点,以及采取的处治措施等。     

广东省公路路面典型结构分类标准研究

重点从气候片区、交通荷载等级、路基等级、结构安全等级等四个方面对广东省公路路面典型结构的分类标准进行了分析和研究.研究系统地划分了广东省交通荷载等级、路基等级以及气候片区,提出适合广东省的公路路面典型结构分类标准,并将可靠度设计指标引入沥青路面典型结构设计中,明确量化了各级公路路面结构的安全性标准.其研究成果为研究广东...     

基于ANFIS的特高压输电线路故障分类识别方法

提出了一种基于自适应神经模糊推理系统(ANFIS)的特高压输电线路故障分类识别方法,以分类识别10种常见的输电线路故障.该方法以故障后1个工频周期内故障电流分量的标准差和四分位距作为故障分类识别的特征量.分析了噪声和谐波对这2个特征量的影响;建立了基于ANFIS的故障分类识别模型.大量仿真试验表明:提出的故障分类识别方法能快速、准确地识别各类故障,并且不易受故障初始角、故障位置和过渡电阻的影响,对噪声、谐波、电流互感器传变特性及采样频率有良好的适应性,分类识别正确率能达到99.5%.     

非线性主成分改进算法的公路施工定额影响因素分析

通过分析公路施工定额现场测定原始数据的差异性及引起差异性的各种影响因素,基于改进的非线性主成分算法,对各影响因素进行分析.在辅助软件SPSS的支持下,结合实例,得出影响施工定额测定因素的归类解释,可为实际定额测定过程中某道工序的测定规程及主要影响因素提供参考.     

一种基于贝叶斯特征的视频图像人脸检测

提出了一种基于仿射运动模型和贝叶斯理论的视频图像人脸检测方法.建立仿射运动模型进行运动估计,提取运动对象区域;对训练图像提取人脸与非人脸的统计特征,利用贝叶斯准则建立概率模型;根据贝叶斯分类器和支持向量机分类器将图像特征分为人脸类与非人脸类,从而检测出视频运动图像中的人脸区域.