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为更科学计算运输通道各种交通方式供给能力的配置量,运用随机效用理论和离散选择模型,建立基于动态广义费用的交通方式选择Logit模型,以郑州-西安客运通道为实例,运用Matlab软件编写程序,进行求解验证.研究表明,交通方式建设成本分摊随分担量变化而变化,并与随机感知系数和出行时间价值一起影响各方式分担率.与现有模型的对比表明,各方式分担率变化幅度与建设成本大小差异并非同向;交通方式选择的广义费用是动态变化的,不能仅仅依据静态的在途时间和票价进行方式分担率计算.该模型既能保证出行者的个体要求又能保障各种交通方式的持续运营,所计算的通道各交通方式分担率更符合实际.     

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为提高通勤者使用公交出行的比例,有效缓解城市交通拥堵,对应用智能公交系统数据(Advanced Public Transportation Systems,APTS)获得公交通勤出行需求的方法进行研究.采集APTS数据,通过对公交IC卡数据和智能调度系统数据的关联获得公交乘客的上车站点信息.根据早、晚高峰的出行频率判断公交通勤乘客,利用通勤出行的时间和空间特征确定居住地点和工作地点.以此基本思路,提出公交卡乘客通勤OD分布估计算法,并应用海量APTS系统数据对算法进行了试验和分析.最后,通过与基于"出行链"的方法进行比较,分析了算法的精度.本文提出的方法具有精度高、可操作性强的优点,为快速、经济地获取公交通勤OD分布提供了一种新的途径.     

采用SPT试验对沥青混合料高温性能研究

在SBS改性沥青混合料、PR改性沥青混合料、RS改性沥青混合料车辙试验结果的基础上,分别进行了3种混合料的三轴重复荷载试验、三轴静态蠕变试验和动态模量试验,并对试验结果进行了对比分析,发现动态模量试验结果可以正确表征不同改性类型混合料抗永久流动性能的优劣,并与动稳定度有着很好的相关性,本试验结果可以用作沥青路面设计规范的修订参考。     

基于ArcEngine的农村公路管理系统设计与开发

随着农村公路的建设发展,各地方均建立了高密度、网络化的农村公路,为农民群众出行带来便捷。但同时也给各级交通主管部门也带来压力,如何管好、用好农村公路,成为农村公路建设过后的一项主要课题。探讨农村公路建设管理方案,通过采用地理信息系统技术开发农村公路管理系统,为农村公路管理提供有效支持。     

利用GNSS时序分析辨识大跨桥梁结构荷载响应研究

使用小波分析、功率谱密度等方法,对武汉市阳逻大桥GNSS监测数据进行分析,识别并分离大桥不同位置结构车辆移动荷载响应、车辆振动荷载响应和噪声,首先去除噪声,然后利用信号不同频率特性,分离静态信号和动态信号,从而得到更为清晰的大跨度桥动力响应特性。     

What determines commute time choices? A structural equation modelling approach

Abstract

Many researchers have been attracted by the phenomenon of constant travel time, and the time spent on travel has been an important indicator of understanding travellers’ behaviours. This paper is based on a survey conducted in a university in London which includes both objective and subjective variables in relation to commute time and some demographic characteristics. Two conceptual structural models are examined in order to explore the factors determining travellers’ choices. Results of the analysis reveal some interesting relationships: (1) a positive relationship between age and commute time; (2) females are more likely to read or listen to music during their journeys, and their ideal commute time (ICT) and current commute time (CCT) generally tend to be longer; (3) academic staff tend to have the habit of working during their commute, administrative staff tend to commute longer while students tend to spend a shorter time commuting; (4) normally, a habit while travelling is significantly associated with CCT; those with a habit of reading or working during their commute journey tend to have longer commute times and (5) the relationship between CCT and commuters’ ICT and tolerable commute time is positive; both hypothesised causal relationships are significant so that a loop is formed between subjective and objective variables, and thus a dynamic modelling process could be envisaged as temporal sequences of those variables.     

内流对洪水冲击下管跨临界长度影响研究

为了研究洪水冲击管道时形成的管跨临界长度,分别介绍了洪水作用下管道的动力特性以及内流对管道特性的影响。针对管内流动与管外洪水冲击对于管道的作用,建立了内流、外流共同作用下的管道动力控制方程。结果表明:对于洪水冲击管道的问题,不应仅考虑洪水的作用,也应该考虑内流对于管道的作用;内流流速增大、压强增大、密度减小都将缩短临界长度。考虑内流的管跨临界长度,对设计及现场抢维修都具有借鉴作用。     

A Modeling Framework for Bus Rapid Transit Operations Evaluation and Service Planning

Abstract

In this paper, we present a dynamic traffic assignment-simulation modeling framework (DYNASMART-P) to support the evaluation and planning of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) services in urban transportation networks. The model represents the different characteristics associated with BRT operations such as: exclusive right-of-way lanes, limited-stop service, signal prioritization at congested intersections, and enhanced bus stops to reduce passenger boarding times. A set of simulation experiments is conducted using the model to study the impact of introducing a hypothetical BRT service in the Knoxville area in the State of Tennessee. In these experiments, the different operational characteristics of BRT are evaluated in terms of potential impact on transit ridership and on the interacting auto traffic. The results illustrate the advantages of BRT for increasing transit ridership and improving overall system performance.     

驾驶人交通违法记分制度改进对策研究

结合我国近年来道路交通安全管理态势发展特征,重点分析了机动车驾驶人交通安全违法行为累积记分制度在设计构建和实践应用环节存在的问题,着眼于买分卖分、满分降级等社会热点问题,借鉴欧美发达国家违法记分管理的经验做法,研究提出了动态记分周期、安全驾驶记录、车险关联机制等改进对策建议,为我国驾驶人交通违法查处、道路通行秩序保障提供决策参考.