直接计算法在舰船结构设计实践中的应用

阐述了在舰船结构设计实践中，如何运用直接计算法解决按照规范设计引起的某些问题。以单跨梁、板架、立体舱段局部强度计算的三个实例，介绍了用ANSYS命令流（APDL）编制源程序进行直接计算设计的技巧和体会。     

铁路行包物流基地及配送点选址规划研究

借鉴国内外选址问题的模型和方法,结合铁路行包物流配送流程及特点,建立铁路行包物流基地及配送点选址规划问题的混合整数规划模型。通过改进的扫描法,根据业务量及现有车辆载重对城市内邮政点进行分组。用迭代法计算得到每个分组中的配送点。比较各分组方案,选择最好的一个方案作为初始解。采用启发式算法对该初始解优化,得到满意解,确定配送点及行包物流基地的位置。以有2个行包物流基地待选地点、3个大宗行包点、30个一般邮政点的实例进行仿真计算。计算结果验证了模型及算法的正确性及可行性。     

高速列车穿越隧道的二维非定常流数值模拟

给出了高速列车穿越隧道压力波的二维粘性流场数值模拟过程,控制方程为二维粘性、可压缩、不等熵、非定常流的Navier Stokes方程,空间离散采用了中心有限体积法格式,时间采用预处理二阶精度步后差分格式进行离散,对隧道壁面采用壁面函数处理,计算结果与国外的实验结果进行比较,二者基本一致。     

柴油机不可逆循环性能分析及优化

建立了不可逆diesel循环的热力学模型，对diesel循环进行了有限时间热力学分析。推导出在内可逆、内外均不可逆时diesel循环在给定热力学模型下输出功率与热效率之间的关系式，并证明了内可逆diesel循环有一最大输出功率，而此时循环热效率即为著名的CA效率，并求出了最大输出功率表达式，证明了在具有最大输出功率时循环压缩比及预胀比有确定的关系。当具有内外双重不可逆时，相应公式只是对内可逆时的公式用不可逆系数I进行修正，即用ITL代替原公式中的TL即可。给出了计算实例，并通过实例计算分析了内不可逆系数、热源温度对最大输出功率、热效率的影响及循环压缩比、预胀比对热效率的影响。本文的研究对内燃机的设计和性能评估有理论意义。     

基于速度动态函的LTE-R越区切换优化算法

传统的LTE-R越区切换算法,采用固定切换迟滞门限和延迟触发时间的切换算法。但是当列车高速运行时,切换成功率明显下降,无法满足高速铁路无线通信系统对Qo S大于99.5%的要求。通过对切换流程、测量参数、控制参数的分析,提出一种基于速度动态函数的越区切换优化算法。该算法在低速、中速、高速3种列车运行状况下,更适宜高速铁路情景切换时机的选择。仿真结果表明:基于椭圆函数的LTE-R越区切换优化算法,既保证了列车在中高速运行时,越区切换成功率有着明显提升,又避免了列车在中低速运行时,乒乓切换事件频率过高。     

Total dynamic response of a PSS vehicle negotiating asymmetric road excitations

A planar suspension system (PSS) is a novel automobile suspension system in which an individual spring–damper strut is implemented in both the vertical and longitudinal directions, respectively. The wheels in a vehicle with such a suspension system can move back and forth relative to the chassis. When a PSS vehicle experiences asymmetric road excitations, the relative longitudinal motion of wheels with respect to the chassis in two sides of the same axle are not identical, and thus the two wheels at one axle will not be aligned in the same axis. The total dynamic responses, including those of the bounce, pitch and the roll of the PSS vehicle, to the asymmetric road excitation may exhibit different characteristics from those of a conventional vehicle. This paper presents an investigation into the comprehensive dynamic behaviour of a vehicle with the PSS, in such a road condition, on both the straight and curved roads. The study was carried out using an 18 DOF full-car model incorporating a radial-spring tyre–ground contact model and a 2D tyre–ground dynamic friction model. Results demonstrate that the total dynamic behaviour of a PSS vehicle is generally comparable with that of the conventional vehicle, while PSS exhibits significant improvement in absorbing the impact forces along the longitudinal direction when compared to the conventional suspension system. The PSS vehicle is found to be more stable than the conventional vehicle in terms of the directional performance against the disturbance of the road potholes on a straight line manoeuvre, while exhibiting a very similar handling performance on a curved line.     

Research on the coefficient of sound absorption in turbid water

China’s coastal waters are turbid and the properties of the seabed are complex. This negatively impacts the performance of underwater detection equipment. The properties of sound absorption in turbid water are not well understood. In this paper, the coefficient of sound absorption in turbid water was measured by the reverberation technique. All work was done in a reverberation barrel made of seamless aluminum. First, pure water was poured into the reverberation barrel and its reverberation time measured. Next, various concentrations of turbid water were poured into the barrel and their reverberation time measured. After all data had been gathered, the coefficient of sound absorption in turbid water of different concentrations was calculated. From this we determined a law of sound absorption in turbid water as summarized in the paper.     

铁路车辆运行平稳性指标的测试精度分析

根据《铁道车辆动力学性能评定和试验鉴定规范,》建立了车辆运行平稳性指标的测量模型,对平稳性结果的不确定度评价方法进行了探讨:以实际系统为例给出了车体振动加速度误差源及其不确定度分量,研究了误差的非线性传递函数。对所研究系统的实测数据的不确定度分析表明:其垂向、横向平稳性指标的扩展不确定度均小于0.1.     

制动电阻器多学科设计优化

为了确保机车、动车制动电阻器整体性能提高,以某型号特种内燃动车制动电阻器传热性能、经济性能、质量以及抗热冲击性能为目标函数建立多学科设计优化模型,并充分考虑各学科之间的耦合效应,采用自适应混沌优化算法对多学科设计优化模型进行求解。多学科设计优化结果表明,该制动电阻器传热性能增加11.51%,设计成本下降7.05%,质量减少7.21%,抗热冲击性能增加15.50%,整体性能提高9.97%。优化前后特种内燃动车制动电阻器的安全温度对比实验表明,制动电阻片的安全温度由优化前的500℃提高到优化后的550℃。     

一种适合于异型螺杆粗加工的方法

根据异型螺杆的加工原理，本文提出了一种适合于螺杆粗加工的插补算法。并以此算法为基础，提出了复合控制的策略，采用这种控制方法，可有效地提高螺杆粗加工的加工精度和生产效率。