耙吸挖泥船环保阀溢流效果试验与数值分析

通过计算流体动力学数值模拟与模型试验相结合的方式,对耙吸挖泥船环保阀减少空气进入溢流筒的机理和作用进行相关研究。将模型试验与数值模拟的结果进行对比,验证气液两相流数值模型的准确性。进行不同进口流量、不同环保阀角度时的计算,获得进口流量、泥舱内液面高度、环保阀角度之间的相关性数学描述,据此建立环保阀的控制策略。建立叠加式溢流筒的数值模型,分析其在减少溢流上的效果。     

外载荷作用下拦阻网的受力分析

深海养殖场中时常会遇到外来物体的冲撞,如船只、漂浮物或鲨鱼等,现通常会在渔场外围设置拦阻网,以保护渔场设施和养殖鱼类。针对船舶误闯入渔场区,撞击在拦阻网衡量上,文章基于显式动力学的分析理论并使用ANSYS/LS-DYNA程序,通过建立拦阻网简化模型、划分网格、计算分析等,对拦阻网结构受力及整体响应进行分析,并校验拦阻网绳强度,给拦阻网具体设计提供一定的理论基础。     

考虑气动阻力和横风稳定的汽车车身多目标优化设计

综合考虑了气动阻力特性和横风稳定性,对车身外形参数进行了多目标自动优化设计。综合利用参数化建模技术、计算流体力学(CFD)仿真、试验设计方法、响应面模型和智能优化算法,集成Pro/Engineer参数化建模和ICEM网格划分工具以及Fluent仿真软件,在多学科优化平台modeFRONTIER上,搭建了一种自动优化设计流程。利用该流程,基于遗传算法(GA)对MIRA快背式模型车身几何外形进行了改型设计,得到了考虑车身气动阻力特性和横风稳定性的最优权衡设计解集。该结果使得气动阻力因数降低了5.2%,侧向力因数降低了5.8%。因而,实现了车身气动阻力和横风稳定性的多目标优化。     

管道预制生产线研究

研究管道预制生产对提高船舶工程施工速度、缩短工期、提高工程安装质量、提高经济效益具有重大意义,文章介绍了船舶管道预制生产线的组成部分,阐述了管道制造生产线中重要设备的工作原理和重要机构的运动方式,分析了设备的工艺参数,可作为实际管道预制流水线的作业指导,也可为其他智能制造项目提供借鉴和参考。     

六自由度可移动机械加工机器人的概念设计

为了满足机械加工作业智能化的需要,设计了一款六自由度四履带双摇臂机械加工机器人。介绍了其移动平台机械结构设计,该移动平台能够满足移动、转弯与越障等功能并承载刀具中心换刀机构;介绍了其机械臂的模块化设计,该机械臂可以实现钻、铣、镗等机械加工作业。对机械臂正逆运动学进行分析,并使用Matlab软件中的Robotics Toolbox功能进行仿真;对机械臂采用拉格朗日方程计算方法进行动力学计算,使用SolidWorks Motion功能对机械臂进行动力学仿真。分析结果表明,所设计的机器人能够满足使用要求。     

新-旧沥青界面再生流变特征及分子动力学模拟研究（双语出版）

为扩展研究新-旧沥青界面再生融合行为的方法,量化表征界面再生融合速率、融合程度等参数,通过构建新-旧双层沥青试样模型,分别基于动态剪切试验（DSR）测试试样界面的再生流变特征,基于分子动力学系统（MS）模拟试样界面的再生机制和过程,同时验证不同试验条件下试样界面再生流变特征测试结果。研究结果表明：随着新添沥青标号的增加,新-旧沥青界面再生融合程度显著增大,再生融合速率明显提高;随着加热时间的增加,新-旧沥青界面再生融合程度逐渐增大,但再生融合速率呈指数递减;随着加热温度的增加,高标号新添沥青的界面再生融合程度和界面再生融合速率均呈线性增大,而低标号新添沥青呈抛物线形增大;分子动力学系统模拟计算结果与动态剪切流变特征实测结果具有较好的关联性,表明选取的分子结构模型和计算参数合理,采用分子动力学技术模拟新-旧沥青界面再生融合行为的方法和思路是可行的。     

Influence of train length on in-train longitudinal forces during brake application

It needs some seconds for a signal, which is created from brake application, to travel from the first part of the train system (locomotive) to the end part of it (last wagon). Delay in time of all parts of the system (train) brake is seen which might deteriorate the longitudinal dynamic interaction of the long trains. For instance, this results in running of the rear cars to the front ones and hence producing large in-train forces at the buffers and couplers. Major parts of the rolling stock in railway system repair are known for relative compression and tension forces, which are applied to the whole train system and cause huge expenses for the industry. For trains with long lengths, operating in safe area is another important relation with train forces along the system. By using MATLAB simulation in this study, we investigated the length's effect on train dynamic along the system mainly for freight trains. We did our research on the trains which are currently used in Railways of Islamic Republic of Iran, RIRI. Four diverse cases were under our simulation, in each of which, trains consist of 52, 32, 20 and 12 cars, respectively. Two different forces (tension and compression) are displayed here as of the outcome of the research. Simulations show different forms of interplays in dynamics along the system. Then we compared the graphs to each other to find out detailed influences of length of the whole system (train including different number of wagons and locomotive) on dynamics of system along it while braking is applied.     

Modelling and analysis of a gyrostat elastically attached to a vehicle

In recent studies, the dynamic response of a passenger car to a gyrostat was investigated for a series of driving manoeuvres, but the gyrostat was assumed to be rigidly supported, thus neglecting the effect of rotor precession. The aim of the present study is the modelling and investigation of the gyrostat-vehicle interaction for elastically mounted gyrostats. For this purpose, a general model describing the motion of a gyrostat elastically supported by a moving platform is derived. Emphasis is placed on the mathematical derivation, where all considerations that are necessary to arrive at the final result are included. Thus, the presented considerations and results can be easily adopted and are suitable to serve beyond their actual purpose as a reference work for other applications. The derived model is tested with the aid of vehicle dynamics simulations and the simulation results prove to be consistent with the results of the rigid attachment model, provided that the elastic approach is subjected to high-bearing stiffnesses. However, it is shown that at lower bearing stiffnesses the solutions are progressively different, since low-bearing stiffnesses enable the gyrostat to move, due to the compliance of the bearings itself, relative to the vehicle chassis with high-angular velocities.     

中速船用柴油机喷油泵顶杆机构导筒裂纹分析

利用虚拟样机技术建立某型中速柴油机喷油泵顶杆机构的虚拟样机模型,对模型进行仿真分析,得到喷油泵顶杆机构导筒动态载荷.对喷油泵顶杆机构的导筒进行有限元建模,根据侧推力选取危险工况后进行结构强度分析,并根据强度分析结果进行疲劳分析.通过分析得到以下结论:导筒与滚轮导筒间隙增大造成导筒侧向载荷增大,最终导致导筒疲劳断裂.     

基于大断面高铁隧道的施工通风时间理论预测方法研究

为了获得隧道施工中风管出口到掌子面的距离（以下简称“风管距离”）以及风管出口风量对施工通风时间的影响规律,以郑万线机械配套施工的大断面高速铁路隧道为工程依托,采用CFD数值模拟和多项式拟合数值分析方法对1D、2D、3D、4D（D为断面当量直径）的风管距离搭配2 000、2 500、3 000、3 500 m3/min 4种风管出口风量作用下的最少通风时间进行研究。研究结果表明,施工通风时间受风管距离与风管出口风量2个因素的影响,通风时间t与风管距离x之间关系可以表示为t=ax2+bx+c的形式,且式中各项系数均可以通过多项式拟合表达为风管出口风量Q的函数,故研究可得出通风时间t与风管距离、风管出口风量间的函数关系式为t=f(Q)x2+g(Q)x+h(Q),同时运用该公式对向家湾隧道工程实例的通风时间进行预测。研究成果为郑万线隧道机械化快速施工通风时间的确定提供了理论指导,研究揭示的规律及所采用方法对类似隧道工程施工通风时间的确定具有一定的参考价值。