城市小汽车尾号限行的经济学分析

随着城市化的加快和经济的飞速发展,我国许多大、中城市出现不同程度的交通拥堵。交通拥堵治理问题已成为当前我国城市发展过程中的一个热门话题和难题。本文对交通拥堵的影响因素分析后,从经济学的视角出发,通过分析城市居民实行尾号限行后对小汽车的需求、停车位需求和汽车业影响,指出用尾号限行来治理交通拥堵只会产生短期效益,对城市经济的长期稳定发展没有一点好处,进而对缓解城市拥挤提出一些建议,以便实现我国城市交通的可持续发展。     

某城市老旧隧道衬砌结构安全性评估

综合分析重庆市朝天门隧道施工竣工图、检测结果,结合实地考察,对该隧道进行安全性评级。采用有限元软件ANSYS建立合理的计算模型,分析衬砌结构目前的受力状况,验算隧道衬砌强度。由此,得出该隧道目前的承载能力状况,为后续加固整治提供理论依据。同时亦可为其他城市老旧隧道的检测维修提供参考。     

深圳市北站公交场站运营服务评估

为保障深圳市北站公交场站安全运营,在全面掌握深圳市北站公交场站及配套工程规划建设的基础上,从公交场站静态设施、动态运行两个层面开展运营服务评估工作,并提出对公交场站的改善建议和措施,最大程度保证枢纽开通后能够提供安全的公交运营服务。     

预应力道面在机场工程中的优势与应用前景

通过对预应力混凝土道面和普通混凝土道面结构进行结构性能和经济性能对比分析。结果表明:预应力混凝土道面在改善结构整体性,增强结构抵抗环境温度效应能力等方面优于普通水泥混凝土道面;预应力道面在初期建设费用比普通混凝土道面高出16%,但后期养护及改扩建费用前者比后者低,利用净现值法计算总费用最高可降低27.57%。预应力道面可以节约大量资源,显著提高社会效益,在场道工程中是一种值得大力推广的道面形式。     

城市轨道交通沿线常规公交线网评价分析

城市轨道交通的建设使得城市公共交通形成典型的层次结构特点,常规公交系统与轨道交通系统的衔接协调性的好坏将直接影响整个公交系统的运营状况。以城市轨道交通为出发点对其沿线的常规公交线网进行评价研究,构建评价指标体系,采用灰关联分析法对公交线网进行综合评价,并将此方法运用到南京市地铁2号线沿线的常规公交线网的优化调整中,取得良好的实践效果。     

The economic impact of logistics infrastructure: the case of PLAZA – the Zaragoza Logistics Platform

Abstract

The economics literature offers many examples of studies of the economic impact of transportation infrastructure such as highways, ports, and airports; however, little attention has been paid to other types of infrastructure such as logistics platforms. This article is a first assessment of the economic effects of the largest logistics platform in Europe – PLAZA, the Zaragoza Logistics Platform – located in Spain. More precisely, this paper analyzes the economic significance of PLAZA on the economy of the Aragon region where it is located. The methodology is based on the application of input–output analysis to the final demand of logistics platform-based companies in a manner that is similar to well-established studies of the economic impacts of tourism on tourist expenditure. This makes it possible to quantify the various levels of economic effects (direct, indirect, and induced) in terms of jobs, salaries, and wages, turnover, gross operating surplus (GOS), and gross value added (GVA). The conclusions reveal the economic importance PLAZA has for the regional economy of Aragon, representing just over 2% of total GVA and 3% of turnover.     

Evaluating Flexible Transport Solutions

Abstract

Flexible transport services (FTS) have been of increasing interest in developing countries as a bridge between the use of personal car travel and fixed route transit services. This paper reports on findings from a recent study in Queensland Australia, which identified lessons from an international review and implications for Australia. Potential strategic directions, including a vision, mission, key result areas, strategies, and identified means of measuring performance are described. Evaluation criteria for assessing flexible transport proposals were developed, and approaches to identifying and assessing needs and demands outlined. The use of emerging technologies is also a key element of successful flexible transport services.     

山区二级公路接入口风险评价

山区二级公路受地形影响较大,路侧危险,线形设计指标较低,道路线形设计的协调性相对较差。由于二级公路的交通管制力度弱,当地居民随意在道路主线上搭建接入口,这些接入口严重影响了道路的服务水平和安全状况。从道路平面、纵断面、横断面及其他要素选取指标分析山区二级公路接入口的安全状况,应用层次分析法对接入口进行风险评价,针对评价结果采取相应的安全改善对策,并依托云南施孟公路,用层次分析模型对实际接入口进行安全评价。     

某钢筋混凝土刚架拱桥荷载试验及性能评定

基于对某钢筋混凝土刚架拱桥静载试验、动载试验及其结果的评定分析,介绍钢筋混凝土刚架拱桥荷载试验的方法与要点。结合有限元分析,将该桥试验结果与计算结果及规范值进行比较,以评价其结构的状态。