胃癌患者血清NO、细胞因子和红细胞免疫功能的测定及其意义

目的　研究胃癌发病的免疫学机制。方法　应用形态学方法测定胃癌患者RBC C3bRR、RBC ICR及NTER ;用ELISA法测定血清TNF α、IL 6和IL 8含量 ;用生化方法测定血清NO含量。结果　胃癌患者血清NO含量 ,RBC C3bRR和NTER明显降低 (P均 <0 .0 5) ,术后较术前明显升高 (P均 <0 .0 5) ,但仍低于对照组 (P均 <0 .0 5)。血清TNF α、IL 6、IL 8含量及RBC ICR明显增高 (P均 <0 .0 5) ,术后血清IL 6、IL 8含量及RBC ICR较术前明显降低(P均 <0 .0 5) ,但仍高于对照组 (P均 <0 .0 5)。胃癌患者TNF α、IL 6、IL 8间呈正相关 ,RBC C3bRR与血清IL 6、IL 8含量呈负相关。结论　多项免疫指标的联合检测对揭示胃癌的发病机理、疗效观察和预后判断均有重要的临床意义     

食管癌及其区域淋巴结中S-100~+树突状细胞的免疫组化研究

56例食管癌切除标本应用S－100蛋白抗体对癌组织及其区域淋巴结中树突状细胞（DC）进行免疫组化染色观察。结果显示：癌组织中DC浸润密度同淋巴细胞反应强度有关（P＜0．05），癌细胞分化较好者组织中DC浸润较多（P＜0．05），在淋巴结转移癌灶和正常淋巴组织之间常见到一条高密度DC浸润带，提示DC与机体局部抗肿瘤免疫有关。癌组织及淋巴结中DC浸润密度愈高，癌复发转移愈少（P＜0．05），提示DC浸润强度对判断食管癌预后有重要意义。     

血清和支气管肺泡灌洗液中癌胚抗原及透明质酸测定对肺癌的诊断意义

应用放免法测定了７４例肺癌和７６例良性肺病患者血清（Ｓ）和支气管肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）中癌胚抗原（ＣＥＡ）及透明质酸（ＨＡ），同时测定了５８例健康人Ｓ－ＨＡ。结果显示：肺癌患者Ｓ－ＣＥＡ极显著高于良性肺病患者（Ｐ＜０．００１），肺癌患者Ｓ－ＨＡ极显著高于健康人和良性肺病患者（Ｐ均＜０．００１）。肺癌患侧ＢＡＬＦ－ＣＥＡ和ＢＡＬＦ－ＨＡ极显著高于肺癌健侧、良性肺病患侧和健侧（Ｐ＜０．００１或Ｐ＜０．００２）。根据各项指标在肺癌时的阳性率，选用Ｓ－ＣＥＡ、ＢＡＬＦ－ＣＥＡ和ＢＡＬＦ－ＨＡ作为诊断指标，当３项阳性时对肺癌诊断的敏感性为５３％，特异性为９７％、阳性预示值为９５％，用性预示值为７６％，准确性为７２％。     

THE STUDY OF MICROSATELLITES ALTERATION IN DIAGNOSES OF BLADDER CANCER

Objective To investigate the possibility of microsatellite alteration （MA） in diagnosis of bladder cancer of Chinese people, and find the better panel which will be used in clinic. Methods A total of 6 and 10 microsatellite markers were chosen, PCR-SSLP silver staining assay was performed in 31 and 32 bladder cancers tissue, exfoliate cells in urine and 10, 15 non-bladder cancers exfoliate cells in urine, respectively. Results MA （＋） was found in 28 out of 31, 30 out of 32 bladder cancers, and the sensitivity was 90. 3%, 93.7% respectively. The MA of urine sediment of 25 non-bladder cancers was negative, and the specificity was 100%. The cytology was carried out among 19 out of 31, 20 out of 32 bladder cancers at the same time, 2 cases （10.3%） and 3 cases （15%） were found cancer positive, and the sensitivity is significantly lower than that by the analysis of MA in exfoliated cells. Conclusion MA was not associated with grade and stage of the bladder cancer. MA assay is a sensitive and effective method for the early detection of bladder cancer and post-operation surveillance.     

siRNA AGAINST SURVIVIN SUPPRESSES THE PROLIFERATION OF PANCREATIC CANCER CELL PC-2 AND INDUCES ITS APOPTOSIS

Survivinis a member of the inhibitor of apop-tosis family,whichinhibits cell apoptosis and regu-lates cell division.Survivin is expressed in embry-onic tissues as well as in the majority of humancancers,but is not expressed in most nor mal adulttissues.The highly cancer-specific expression ofSurvivin,coupled withits i mportance in inhibitingcell apoptosis and in regulating cell division,makesit a useful diagnostic marker and ideal target forcancer treat ment[1].RNAi is a process of post trans…     

THE CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PERCENT FREE PSA IN DIFFERENTIATING PROSTATE CANCER AND BENIGN PROSTATE HYPERPLASIA

rostatecancer (Pca)isoneofthecommonestmalignanttumorsofmaleinEuropeandAmerica .ThemorbidityofPcainourcountryismuchlowerthaninothercountries,butrecentlyitwasincreasedtotwofold[1] .Althoughtheprostatespecificantigen(PSA)isthemostusefultumormarkeravailableforthediagnosisofPca ,nevertheless ,lackssufficientsensitivityandspecificity .Peoplenow putforwardtheconceptofpercentfreePSA (fPSA)andhasbe comethenewdirectionofinvestigation .However ,therestillhavesomeproblemunclearatpresent,es peciallyt…     

成年国人内镜下食管长度的研究

目的探讨国人食管与身高、坐高、性别及年龄的相关性。方法应用前视式胃镜在直视下经食管内腔测量了613例(男378例,女235例)食管上口(咽部)至食管末端(齿状线最近侧缘)的长度。结果成年男性食管平均长度为(24.8±2.1)cm,成年女性食管平均长度为(22.8±1.9)cm,男、女性食管长度存在显著性差异(P<0.01)。同时发现,男女性食管长度与身高、坐高呈直线相关关系。但各年龄组间食管长度无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论食管长度受多因素影响,其中身高和坐高是影响食管长度的最重要的两个因素。     

SCC-Ag、CEA在肺癌患者血清中的表达及临床意义

目的　探讨肺癌患者治疗前后血清鳞状细胞癌抗原 (SCC Ag)和癌胚抗原 (CEA)的表达及临床意义。方法　利用全自动快速粒子酶免疫分析系统 (IMX) ,检测 134例肺癌患者治疗前后血清SCC Ag和CEA的水平 ,分析SCC Ag和CEA检测值与肺癌临床病理特征之间的关系。结果　肺癌患者治疗前血清SCC Ag、CEA升高与肿瘤病理学类型和临床分期呈正相关 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,联合检测可以提高肺癌诊断的阳性率。结论　血清SCC Ag、CEA检测可用于肺癌的辅助诊断以及对病期和预后的判断。     

雌、孕激素受体和rasP~(21)蛋白的表达在乳腺癌预后中的意义

用酶联亲合组化法和ABC免疫组化法对93例乳腺癌石蜡标本中雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)和ras P~(21)蛋白进行了检测和对比研究。经果表明:ER、PR阳性率分别为64.52％和60.22％,经随访5年累积无瘤生存率阳性组高于阴性组(P<0.05);P~(21)蛋白的阳性表达率为52.69％,多出现在分化差的Ⅱ、Ⅲ级具有浸润性的乳腺癌组织中,随乳腺癌组织学分级的增加而增强,与ER水平呈负相关,5年累积无瘤生存率阴性组高于阳性组(P<0.05)。认为P~(21)蛋白表达的强弱同ER、PR一样反映了乳腺癌的生物学特性及预后。     

REAL-TIME DETECTION OF SURVIVIN mRNA EXPRESSION IN CERVICAL CANCER CELL LINES USING MOLECULAR BEACON IMAGING

Objective To detect the expression of survivin mRNA in cervical cancer cell lines using molecular beacon imaging technology. Methods Human cervical cancer cells （HeLa and SiHa） and human fetal lung fibroblast HFL-I were cultured in vitro. After adding 100 nmol/L survivin mRNA molecular beacon, the fluorescent signals were observed under fluorescent microscope. The expressions of survivin in cervical cancer cells and HFL-I cell were examined by immunocytochemical streptravidin-biothin peroxidase （SP） assay at the same time. Results Two kinds of survivin mRNA molecular beacon, with different color fluorescence, had strong fluorescent signal in cervical cancer cell lines, and the signal in SiHa cell line was stronger, but these signals were not found in HFL-I ; Immunocytochemical staining of positive survivin was located in the cytoplasm of cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and SiHa, whereas, no expression of survivin was detected in HFL-I cell line. Conclusion The technology of molecular beacon imaging can be used to detect the expression of survivin mRNA in viable cells successfully, and may provide a new approach to the diagnosis of early stage cervical cancer and the following-up in the clinic.