桥梁抗震加固方法与加固材料技术标准文献综述

对现有国内外桥梁抗震加固技术标准、加固设计、内容、方法和抗震加固工程实施情况等方面的研究进行了综述,供从事相关工作的工程人员和研究人员参考。     

What influences satisfaction and loyalty in public transport? A review of the literature

Public transport ridership retention is a challenge for many cities. To develop comprehensive strategies aimed at retaining riders, it is necessary to understand the aspects of public transport that influence users to become loyal to the system. This paper analyses relevant literature regarding the causes of satisfaction and loyalty in public transport. We find that the service factors most associated with satisfaction are on-board cleanliness and comfort, courteous and helpful behaviour from operators, safety, as well as punctuality and frequency of service. On the other hand, loyalty is associated with users’ perceptions of value-for-money, on-board safety and cleanliness, interactions with personnel and the image and commitment to public transport that users feels. Furthermore, the results elucidate that the concept of loyalty is best defined based on users’ intentions to continue using the service, their willingness to recommend it to others, their overall satisfaction, but also and most importantly, their image of and involvement with public transport. Public transport users who have a positive image of the agency and consider public transport an integral component of city life are more likely to demonstrate loyalty and act like ambassadors for public transport agencies.     

Influence of 3D printing on transport: a theory and experts judgment based conceptual model

Consumer 3D printing is on the rise and has the potential to significantly change the transport and logistics sector. Current literature on 3D printing and transport studies does not provide a systematic model of the impact of 3D printing on transport and related (policy relevant) areas, such as traffic safety, location decisions, accessibility and environmental effects. Based on a literature review and two rounds of expert consultation, we propose and refine a conceptual model as a way to approach this gap in the literature. The expert consultation yields that the conceptual model comprises the relevant and important elements for assessing the impact of 3D printing on transport and transport-related challenges. Location, needs and transport resistance are important: (a) city-level hubs are the most likely locations for 3D printers because they can coordinate material flows and gather expertise; (b) mass-individualisation and personification dictates the needs for 3D printers; (c) distribution networks will be organised more efficiently, less empty vehicles, but raw materials still need shipping. However, experts’ opinions diverged on the impact of 3D printing on transport volumes and environmental impacts.     

文学史的短板——对中国文学史书写中文学性问题的考察

中国的文学史学科百年来虽然经历过多次方向与风气的转变,但时至今日,科学性却依然是其追求的最高目标．追求科学当然是文学史无可推卸的责任,但因此而疏漏了文学史的本职——对文学作品艺术魅力的发掘与阐发,却不能不说是我们文学史的最大弊病,文学史要成为名副其实的“文学”史,必须对文学史的目的与任务、文学史研究与编写中的思与感的关系以及文学的本质与特性等问题作全面而深刻地反思,只有高度重视文学的审美特性,确立文学史书写的文学本位才能使文学史摆脱目前的困境．     

Modal shift from road haulage to short sea shipping: a systematic literature review and research directions

ABSTRACT

Modal shift from road haulage to short sea shipping (SSS) has been advocated by authorities and researchers for more than two decades. This paper provides a review of literature on modal shift and pinpoints paths for future research on topics in six categories: (1) factors influencing SSS competitiveness, (2) the policy-oriented perspective, (3) environmental legislation, (4) SSS performance, (5) port characteristics, and (6) the multi-agent perspective. In particular, we propose first, in evaluating the performance of SSS versus road haulage in different trade corridors, three performance-related dimensions – the economic dimension (e.g. external costs), the environmental dimension, and the dimension of service quality – should be considered. Second, researchers should use rich, real-world, numerical data and operational research techniques to identify the relative importance of individual drivers and barriers for a modal shift from road haulage to SSS. Third proposed direction is related to assessing which groups of actors certain policies should target. In doing so, researchers should extend their policy-related focus beyond the European Union, which has long encompassed the major geopolitical scope of research on the modal shift. Fourth, to moderate the adverse impact of environmental legislation on SSS, strategic solutions need to be identified. Fifth, we also suggest that the influence of contingencies, particularly port strikes and cyberattacks, on SSS operations and approaches for managing them should be investigated. Sixth, the economic and financial advantages of coordination and alliance for each transport chain agent need to be evaluated.     

Substantial Changes and Their Impact on Mobility: A Typology and an Overview of the Literature

During the past 40 years, mobility patterns have enduringly changed several times as a result of the occurrence of a number “substantial changes”. Examples of such substantial changes are the rapid emergence of affordable air travel, the oil crises, and profound ICT developments. To most researchers and policy-makers in transportation, it seems more than likely that the next 40 years will also witness a number of substantial changes, some of which might even have larger impacts on mobility than the ones described above. However, literature on substantial changes and their impact on mobility are difficult to access as it is spread across different research fields and suffers from ambiguous use of terminology. As a result, overview of the literature on substantial changes and their findings is missing and discussions on the impacts on future mobility of potential substantial changes are hampered. To overcome these problems, this paper (1) proposes a typology of substantial changes and (2) ties together and reviews the scholarly literature that has focused on identifying the impacts of past substantial changes on mobility patterns. In this paper, we show how the proposed typology on substantial changes can be applied to contemplate on substantial changes and on their impacts.     

浅谈高职院校图书馆服务创新

本文主要探讨了信息时代大环境下,通过加强图书馆藏书建设、规范管理及开展创新服务、做好效果检验等几方面的工作,积极推动高职院校图书馆服务创新,为提高高职院校人才培养质量服务。     

A review of dynamics modelling of friction draft gear

Longer and heavier trains mean larger in-train forces and more complicated force patterns. Practical experience indicates that the development of fatigue failure of coupling systems in long heavy trains may differ from conventional understanding. The friction-type draft gears are the most widely used draft gears. The ever developing heavy haul transport environment requires further or new understanding of friction draft gear behaviour and its implications for train dynamics as well as fatigue damage of rolling stock. However, modelling of friction draft gears is a highly nonlinear question. Especially the poor predictability, repeatability and the discontinuity of friction make this task more challenging. This article reviews current techniques in dynamics modelling of friction draft gears to provide a starting point that can be used to improve existing or develop new models to achieve more accurate force amplitude and pattern predictions.     

音乐意境:从文学到电视文学

在文学作品的意境营造中,音乐扮演着重要的角色。文学的音乐美,要么源自独特的语言形式,要么源自文学家的间接描述。而在电视文学作品意境的营造中,音乐发挥的,主要是节奏功能、抒情功能,以及间接的形象功能。音乐意境,因此成为贯穿于文学与电视文学的一种独特的审美品质。     

国际城市地下综合管廊研究的文献特征与研究热点分析

为揭示地下综合管廊领域的知识结构和发展脉络，明晰地下综合管廊领域的研究热点和前沿，以Web of Science和Scopus数据库中1970—2018年收录的综合管廊相关文献为研究对象，借助可视化软件CiteSpace绘制综合管廊研究知识图谱，对综合管廊研究进行发展态势分析、合作特征分析、文献共被引分析以及关键词共现分析。研究发现：目前综合管廊研究呈快速发展的趋势；研究成果较为丰硕的国家为中国、美国、西班牙、英国、加拿大、日本，最富有成效的作者为Curiel Esparza J和Canto Perello J；研究热点主要集中在可行性、决策、投融资、规划、设计、施工、风险、安全、运维、管理方面；未来综合管廊研究趋势与热点将集中在投融资模式创新与应用、绿色建造技术及一体化建设、信息化及智能化运维管理、可持续发展等方面。最后，对综合管廊后续研究提出加强跨学科合作和治理研究的建议。