多峰函数优化问题的改进演化算法

针对演化算法求解有界区域上的多峰函数全局优化问题,保持种群多样性和搜索效率的矛盾,提出了一种结合了多样性维持机制和加速算子的改进演化算法。实验结果表明,在低维问题中算法容易收敛于全局最优解,优于普通遗传算法。     

马克思主义视域中的国际经济博弈

马克思主义视域中国际经济博弈,其哲学基础是以主体博弈为表现的实践逻辑,其本质是世界实践结构中阶级子系统间的矛盾关系。国际经济博弈主体具有不同主体性。国际经济博弈的基础是具体世界生产方式,它涉及的要素间存在复杂制约转化关系;其结构有多种类型并发生着历史改变和跃迁。根据马克思主义基本原理,争取国际经济博弈主动权的关键在于把握世界生产方式发展规律,整合转化经济要素,不断形成扩大相对优势和先进性,促成有利博弈机制。     

“牛鞭效应”的数字模拟分析

首先简要分析了啤酒游戏中存在的主要问题,指出缺乏系统统筹是引起牛鞭效应的根源;MATLAB是一种便于进行科学和工程计算的交互式软件,其Simulink语言是针对系统仿真的高效语言。本文试图利用MATLAB/Simulink分析牛鞭效应,尝试对物流系统进行科学的分析,从而提高以计算机技术为主要特征的现代物流管理的水平。     

What Does Happen to Our Driving When We Get Older?

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to uncover the main antecedents associated with driving errors among older drivers in order to establish a framework for analyzing potential skill improvements using other approaches, for example, games. The article also aims at classifying age-related declines in seniors' abilities associated with their driving performance. The research undertakes an analysis of attempts made through the investigation of the literature. We have systematically searched papers and extracted (1) prevalent driving errors among seniors and (2) underlying age-related declines in seniors' abilities associated with their driving performance. We have also identified some characteristics of the research in this area (e.g. the research methods and geographical distribution of the research). Our expert panel mapped the functional declines in seniors' abilities to the driving errors to identify the relationship between these findings. A reliability test resulted in 81% reliability of findings. We have identified eight groups of driving errors, which could be affected by physical, visual, and cognitive declines among seniors. According to the experts' opinions, the underlying relationship of physical, visual, and cognitive declines among seniors and their driving errors were also presented. Our findings show that there is a potential for the use of innovative interventions such as playing video games to create an inexpensive, motivational, and enjoyable method that may provide a transfer effect to specific driving skills. This could help improve seniors' driving performance by improving specific functional abilities associated with driving.     

A bi-level model of dynamic traffic signal control with continuum approximation

This paper proposes a bi-level model for traffic network signal control, which is formulated as a dynamic Stackelberg game and solved as a mathematical program with equilibrium constraints (MPEC). The lower-level problem is a dynamic user equilibrium (DUE) with embedded dynamic network loading (DNL) sub-problem based on the LWR model (Lighthill and Whitham, 1955; Richards, 1956). The upper-level decision variables are (time-varying) signal green splits with the objective of minimizing network-wide travel cost. Unlike most existing literature which mainly use an on-and-off (binary) representation of the signal controls, we employ a continuum signal model recently proposed and analyzed in Han et al. (2014), which aims at describing and predicting the aggregate behavior that exists at signalized intersections without relying on distinct signal phases. Advantages of this continuum signal model include fewer integer variables, less restrictive constraints on the time steps, and higher decision resolution. It simplifies the modeling representation of large-scale urban traffic networks with the benefit of improved computational efficiency in simulation or optimization. We present, for the LWR-based DNL model that explicitly captures vehicle spillback, an in-depth study on the implementation of the continuum signal model, as its approximation accuracy depends on a number of factors and may deteriorate greatly under certain conditions. The proposed MPEC is solved on two test networks with three metaheuristic methods. Parallel computing is employed to significantly accelerate the solution procedure.     

基于非合作博弈的不同公共交通方式间的定价方法

不同的公共交通方式之间是既竞争又互补的关系,其定价策略既要受到竞争对手的影响,又要受到政府限价的影响。采用MNL交通方式选择模型、收益函数模型和非合作博弈模型结合的方式研究不同公共交通方式间的均衡定价策略,提出了定价方法。     

采用博弈思想对暗标投标进行分析

招投标机制的建立,使得招标过程中,投标人与投标人之间、招标人与投标人之间都存在着博弈行为。在密封投标(暗标投标)条件下,利用博弈论思想及模型对招投标及密封投标进行了分析,以供参考。     

基于混合进化算法的甩挂配送问题

甩挂配送问题考虑甩挂运输的交通限制,将客户区分为是否为单箱卡车客户,建立单箱卡车配送和双箱甩挂车配送的混合线路,是带有子回路的新型路径优化问题.采用2-opt局部优化算法对线路进行了优化.然后,建立了0/1整数规划模型,对线路进行了分段,以最小化子回路新增成本为目标优化子回路组合.在此基础上建立了混合进化算法,搜索最优混合线路.通过算例研究演示了甩挂配送问题的新特征,通过仿真分析了子回路组合优化模型的性能,以及算法在集成2-opt与否时适应度的演化,结果表明了该方法的有效性.     

铁路改制后关于铁路客运票价制定的博弈分析

铁路票价的高低是影响铁路经济效益的重要因素。文中分析现行铁路客票体系存在的问题,并用博弈论方法对铁路票价制定和消费者购买行为进行经济学分析,从铁路客流呈现季节性变化的角度出发,将铁路客票价格按照节假日和非节似H两个模型进行博弈分析,对未来铁路票价的合理制定提供依据,并给予相应的建议。     

基于博弈的无线Mesh网络高效可靠路由算法

由于无线网络节点自身资源有限,末端节点往往会表现出自私行为以保证其生存时间和工作效率.针对这些特点提出了一种基于博弈的能量容忍策略（ETS）模型,该模型在经典针锋相对（TFT）策略的基础上,加入合作度及能量容忍因子,宽容节点一定程度的自私行为,并给予自私节点改过自新的机会,使其能够恢复合作.同时,基于ETS设计一种路由激励机制,通过奖惩激励自私节点放弃自私行为,并对能量相对较低的节点进行保护,在一定程度上避免个别繁忙节点过度消耗,均衡网络能量,延长了网络的运行时间.实验表明ETS激励机制在防止节点自私行为、优化网络吞吐率和网络生存时间方面等表现出较好的性能优势.