报业信息化发展趋势刍议

近年来,随着信息技术的发展,媒体事业已经从传统发展到互联网和多媒体,从互联网和多媒体发展到新媒体。新媒体时代的到来,使得报业陷入非常困苦的境地。该文对当前报业困境进行了剖析,分析了报业信息化发展的成因,介绍了信息化管理系统的研发情况,并提出了报业信息化的可行性方案。     

Y型过滤器流动与阻力特性数值模拟分析

文中利用CFD软件,结合多孔介质模型对Y型过滤器进行了数值模拟研究,并与实验结果做了对比分析。得到了过滤器流动特性及不同部位压降情况,分析了滤网堵塞率对压降的影响规律,并提出了减小过滤器压力损失的建议方法。研究表明,Y型过滤器压降主要发生在入口滤座区、滤网区和滤芯环形间隙区,其中滤网区压降最大。滤网堵塞程度对压降影响很大,超过50%时压降快速增大。     

社交网络信息对出行时刻选择行为的影响

随着社交媒体和基于定位的智能手机普及,人们可以通过社交平台获得其他人的出行经验,同时与别人分享自己的出行信息.这种媒体形式为人们提供了新的出行参考途径.显然,信息的准确与否,对人们的行为和交通系统性能会造成影响.本文使用贝叶斯学习更新机制描述人们的动态学习行为,建立出发时刻选择的Agent-based模拟模型,比较准确社交信息、不准确社交信息和没有社交信息对交通系统的影响.数值结果表明,本文所建立的模型可以刻画出行者的行为特征,并反映信息对交通系统的影响.     

并联结构换热器模块中冷却空气流量的分配

为提高车辆换热器模块的匹配设计能力,针对冷却风在并联结构换热器模块中的流量分配进行数值模拟和试验研究。在计算中把复杂的翅片结构简化为多孔介质模型,并采用RNGk-ε湍流模型进行模拟。通过换热器模块的风洞试验对数值计算结果进行验证。结果表明由于各换热器的阻力特性不同,流量的分配与设计时的理想状态存在较大的差异,阻力小的换热器中风速高,相对流量变大。     

路堤填石材料的振动压实特性研究

填石材料组成差异决定填石路堤物理力学性质差别较大,其压实受到材料自身和振动压路机参数等多种因素的影响,而振动碾压又使颗粒发生破碎,使得填石路堤的碾压变得更加复杂.因此,必须研究路堤填石材料的振动压实特性,以充分利用填石材料和振动压路机的性能,提高填石路堤的压实质量.将填石材料看成散体介质,通过分析其强度形成原理和建立2自由度振动压路机-填石系统模型,研究了压路机和填石材料之间力的相互作用关系,及其对填石材料压实的影响,并根据振动理论从不同角度给予解释.结果认为振动压路机的振动强度、颗粒惯性力是影响填石材料压实的主要因素,选择低频高幅振动压路机有利于填石材料的压实.     

基于数字媒体技术的乘客信息系统软件框架设计

鉴于传统广电模式的乘客信息系统(PIS)具有成本高、信息原子性丢失和不便于网络化运营等缺点,本文提出采用基于数字媒体技术搭建PIS,并对多媒体编辑与发布、多媒体描述文件结构、数字视频合成3部分内容进行重点论述.由于其采用开放的技术架构和符合国际标准的多媒体文件描述方式,本系统符合PIS向网络化运营管理发展的趋势.     

简述网络新闻评论的大众性

网络媒体这一“第四媒体”的迅速崛起为新闻评论注入了新的思想内涵,也打破了传统媒体中传者与受众的界限,使越来越多的网民参与到网络的评论中来．网络的互动、不确定性一方面极大地活跃了评论的表现形式和思想意义,增强了公众话语权,另一方面也给虚假的和不负责任的言论提供便利,造成了不良的社会影响。对此,本文对网络新闻评论大众性进行了分析,并提出了要提倡理性的参与意识,对理性参言进行积极引导。     

Joint leisure travel optimization with user-generated data via perceived utility maximization

The lack of personalized solutions for managing the demand of joint leisure trips in cities in real time hinders the optimization of transportation system operations. Joint leisure activities can account for up to 60% of trips in cities and unlike fixed trips (i.e., trips to work where the arrival time and the trip destination are predefined), leisure activities offer more optimization flexibility since the activity destination and the arrival times of individuals can vary.To address this problem, a perceived utility model derived from non-traditional data such as smartphones/social media for representing users’ willingness to travel a certain distance for participating in leisure activities at different times of day is presented. Then, a stochastic annealing search method for addressing the exponential complexity optimization problem is introduced. The stochastic annealing method suggests the preferred location of a joint leisure activity and the arrival times of individuals based on the users’ preferences derived from the perceived utility model. Test-case implementations of the approach used 14-month social media data from London and showcased an increase of up to 3 times at individuals’ satisfaction while the computational complexity is reduced to almost linear time serving the real-time implementation requirements.     

Exploring the capacity of social media data for modelling travel behaviour: Opportunities and challenges

In the past few years, the social science literature has shown significance attention to extracting information from social media to track and analyse human movements. In this paper the transportation aspect of social media is investigated and reviewed. A detailed discussion is provided about how social media data from different sources can be used to indirectly and with minimal cost extract travel attributes such as trip purpose, mode of transport, activity duration and destination choice, as well as land use variables such as home, job and school location and socio-demographic attributes including gender, age and income. The evolution of the field of transport and travel behaviour around applications of social media over the last few years is studied. Further, this paper presents results of a qualitative survey from travel demand modelling experts around the world on applicability of social media data for modelling daily travel behaviour. The result of the survey reveals positive view of the experts about usefulness of such data sources.     

Tweeting Transit: An examination of social media strategies for transport information management during a large event

Social media platforms are seeing increasing adoption by public transport agencies, as they provide a cost-effective, reliable, and timely mechanism for sharing information with passengers and other travellers. In this paper, we use a case study of the @GamesTravel2014 Twitter account to evaluate how this social media platform was used over the course of the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, Scotland to provide and share transport-related information and respond to information requests. The case study provides an exemplar for the public co-ordination of information from multiple partners in a complex environment during a time of transport disruption. We evaluate both the structure and intent of the @GamesTravel2014 social media strategy via interviews with involved parties and an analysis of Tweets related to the account. Findings indicate the potential for future applications of social media by transport operators and authorities in producing a more effective network of communication with passengers.