长寿柔性基层沥青路面的极限应变

长寿柔性路面设计通常采用沥青层底极限拉应变和土基顶部极限压应变作为控制指标。现阶段极限应变指标参照室内试验结果确定，且数值相对固定。而现场路面结构层应变响应值受结构厚度、荷载、环境作用（温度及老化）等因素的影响，在服役过程中不断演化。以2条服役超过35年的柔性路面结构（屯门公路与吐露港公路）为基础，分析了不同服役阶段路面结构层在不同荷载、环境作用下的极限应变响应，探讨了柔性路面极限应变的大概范围。研究结果表明：在初始服役状态下，屯门公路高温状态下沥青层底的极限拉应变为376×10^-6，土基顶部极限压应变为562×10^-6；低温状态下上述极限应变分别降为87×10^-6，249×10^-6；吐露港公路高温状态下沥青层底、土基顶部极限应变分别为149×10^-6，324×10^-6，低温状态下上述应变分别降为50×10^-6，156×10^-6。在经过长期服役后，老化状态下2类路面沥青层底拉应变及土基顶部压应变均大幅降低。屯门公路在使用36年后，某些路段出现零星的疲劳破坏，而吐露港公路则没有发现疲劳破坏。极限应变计算结果表明，路面关键位置的应变受荷载、沥青层厚度、温度和沥青层老化状态等多因素的影响。因此，在进行长寿柔性基层路面设计中，荷载、沥青层厚度、温度及沥青层老化状态等因素都应该考虑在内。     

Efficient multiple model particle filtering for joint traffic state estimation and incident detection

This article proposes an efficient multiple model particle filter (EMMPF) to solve the problems of traffic state estimation and incident detection, which requires significantly less computation time compared to existing multiple model nonlinear filters. To incorporate the on ramps and off ramps on the highway, junction solvers for a traffic flow model with incident dynamics are developed. The effectiveness of the proposed EMMPF is assessed using a benchmark hybrid state estimation problem, and using synthetic traffic data generated by a micro-simulation software. Then, the traffic estimation framework is implemented using field data collected on Interstate 880 in California. The results show the EMMPF is capable of estimating the traffic state and detecting incidents and requires an order of magnitude less computation time compared to existing algorithms, especially when the hybrid system has a large number of rare models.     

新能源汽车电池管理方法综述

电池管理系统作为电动汽车的重要组成部分,其中准确估测荷电状态(SOC)和电池均衡管理是电池管理系统的核心功能,也是优化系统能量管理,提高动力电池的使用效率,延长电池使用寿命的关键,对电池的储能至关重要。详细介绍主要SOC的估测方法和电池均衡管理方法,并对其优劣性进行分析与阐述,通过文献综述与对比分析为电池组在使用时提出理论依据与维护措施,为未来的研究提供便捷研究方法。     

真空管道运输系统管道模型结构分析与实验内容

对真空管道运输(ETT)系统管道实验模型的整体结构和尺寸、主要功能部件的设置以及该管道实验模型建成后将进行的实验内容等进行了分析和介绍。     

船用柴油机Urea-SCR系统中的喷嘴选取研究

在某型号船用柴油机上对Urea-SCR系统的两种喷嘴进行试验研究,通过不同喷嘴对NOx降低量的对比,确定Urea-SCR系统喷嘴选取需要考虑的主要因素。     

基于工作电压的动力电池剩余容量动态估算

以单体蓄电池为研究对象，为解决电动汽车动力电池在工作状态下的剩余容量（SOC）进行实时估算的难题，提出了一种新的动力电池剩余容量估算方法。通过外接一个处于工作状态下电池周期性的恒定电流负载，测得一系列的电池工作电压，这些工作电压采用阶段斜率的计算方法求电池该时刻的剩余时间，从而推算出电池的SOC。证明了动态工作点折算到静态工作点的可行性。该方法的相对误差最大不超过7％，通过软件可实施对温度、老化等因素的补偿。误差分析结果表明，该方法误差小，测量精度高。     

A Novel Approach to Vehicle Dynamics using the Theory of a Cosserat Point and its Application to Collision Analyses of Platooning Vehicles

A fully three-dimensional, computationally inexpensive vehicular model is presented. In contrast to traditional rigid body models, the vehicle's sprung mass is modeled as a (nonlinearly) deformable body. The formulation of the equations of motion is based on a continuum theory known as the theory of a Cosserat point. These equations largely preserve the relative simplicity of rigid body dynamics but incorporate deformable features. The ease of computer implementation permits the simultaneous simulation of vehicle and collision dynamics of multiple vehicles and highway objects. In this paper, the theory of a Cosserat point is summarized and its general application to vehicle and collision dynamics is illustrated. A three-dimensional collision algorithm is discussed with emphasis on small closing velocities (negligible residual crush, elastic rebound). The novel model is compared to standard procedures.     

To fully automate or not? Investigating demands and willingness to pay for autonomous vehicles based on automation levels

We review the literature on the motivators of consumers’ purchasing decisions regarding autonomous vehicles (AVs), focusing on environmental awareness, vehicle types, concerns about accidents, and merits. The willingness to buy (WTB) and willingness to pay (WTP) for AVs have been extensively studied. However, it is imperative to broaden the outlook and consolidate the existing knowledge base. Although the WTB and WTP for AVs have been studied, automation-level preferences have been underresearched. Based on more than 150,000 observations, we construct a choice model and calculate the WTP for each level of automation. Our results show that there is a disparity between people's WTB and WTP according to the automation level. In particular, we find that the coefficients regarding FAVs’ benefits and accidents significantly exceed those related to environmental concerns. Such results indicate that practical benefits and concerns influence AV demand and WTP to a greater extent than environmental awareness. Our model results indicate a disparity between WTB and WTP for AVs that mostly derives from the different types of environmental concerns, concerns about accidents, and perceived benefits from these automobiles. Our results urge policies according to which governments and companies closely examine consumers who exhibit WTB-WTP disparities. Issues relating to demand patterns, WTP, and a suitable policy framework are discussed.     

水声网络探测节点的一种运动目标参数估计算法

文章提出了一种水声网络探测节点的运动目标参数估计方法,即基于模型匹配原理的估计算法。给出了算法的原理和仿真分析。     

贺尔海枢纽立交方案比选

对贺尔海枢纽立交的方案比选设计进行了详细的介绍,希望能够为同类立交设计时提供技术借鉴。