装配侧气帘汽车的内饰件设计要点

装配了侧气帘后，汽车内饰设计成为侧气帘静态展开试验的一大障碍。文章从设计实践出发，结合侧气帘试验中内饰件的破坏形式，对装配侧气帘汽车的内饰件设计给出优化顶蓬结构、立柱饰板合理选材及强化遮阳板连接结构等设计方案和数据，有效地避免了内饰件在侧气帘静态展开试验中发生破损的现象，从而确保装配了侧气帘的汽车可以顺利通过试验。     

Instabilities in imperfect thick cones subjected to axial compression and external pressure

The paper presents results of a numerical study into the buckling resistance of geometrically imperfect mild steel cones subjected to: (a) axial compression only, (b) lateral external pressure only, and (c) axial compression and external pressure acting simultaneously.Initial geometric imperfections are taken in the form of the eigenmode, `a single wave' extracted from the eigenmode and localized smooth dimple modelled analytically. Load carrying capacity of imperfect models is computed using the Finite Element proprietory code.Buckling strength of axially compressed and imperfect cone is only 55% of geometrically perfect model. Buckling strength of a cone subjected to lateral pressure, on the other hand, amounts to 43% of the corresponding value of perfect model. But it is the shrinkage of stability plot of imperfect cone which was found to be significant. For imperfect cones subjected to combined axial compression and external pressure, the collapse envelope shrinks by 48% with the elastic sub-set being reduced by 51%.     

车身冲门锁锥形孔的应用研究

为提升汽车的感官质量,将门锁安装由平头螺栓配合圆孔的安装方式更改为锥形孔配合锥形螺栓的安装方式,消除门内板上的螺栓突兀。通过研究车身冲门锁安装孔的工艺流程和设备组成,设计导向销精确定位门内板,保障锥形孔的位置度。同时根据门内板的数模、料厚和材料,选型和设计驱动机构的冲压力、空行程、力行程和钳体等,完成一种冲孔机构的设计,在车身车间实现快速、精确成型门内板上的门锁锥形孔。     

Experimental and numerical analysis of a tanker side panel laterally punched by a knife edge indenter

The paper presents finite element simulations of a small-scale stiffened plate specimen quasi-statically punched at the mid-span by a rigid indenter, in order to examine its energy absorbing mechanisms and fracture. The specimen, scaled from a tanker side panel, is limited by one span between the web frames and the stringers. The paper provides practical information to estimate the extent of structural damage within ship side panels during collision accidents. Moreover, the results of this investigation should have relevance to evaluate grounding scenarios in which the bottom sustains local penetration. This is possible since the structural arrangement of the double hull and the double bottom of tanker vessels is very similar. The experimentally obtained force–displacement response and shape of the deformation show good agreement with the simulations performed by the explicit LS-DYNA finite element solver. The numerical analysis includes aspects of particular relevance to the behaviour of ship structures subjected to accidental loads which could give rise to difficulties in interpreting finite element calculations. In particular, the paper comments on the material nonlinearities, the importance of specifying the precise boundary conditions and the joining details of the structure. The considerable practical importance of these aspects has been the focus of attention in previous publications of the authors which evaluate the experimental-numerical impact response of simple ship structural components, such as beams and plates. Therefore, this paper uses the definitions proposed in those references to evaluate its applicability in the scaled tanker side panel, as an example of a more complex ship structure.     

Experimental and numerical investigations on laser-welded corrugated-core sandwich panels subjected to air blast loading

Experimental investigations on the laser-welded triangular corrugated core sandwich panels and equivalent solid plates subjected to air blast loading are presented. The experiments were conducted in an explosion tank considering three levels of blast loading. Results show that the maximum deflection, core web buckling and core compaction increased as the decrease of stand-off distance. Back face deflections of sandwich panels were found to be nearly half that of equivalent solid plates at the stand-off distances of 100 mm and 150 mm. At the closest stand-off distance of 50 mm, the panel was found to fracture and fail catastrophically. Autodyn-based numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the dynamic response of sandwich panels. A good agreement was observed between the numerical calculations and experimental results. The model captured most of the deformation/failure modes of panels. Finally, the effects of face sheet thickness and core web thickness on the dynamic response of sandwich panel were discussed.     

面元法中偶极子影响系数计算分析*

分析了不同方法应用于偶极子影响系数的计算,并详细介绍了Gauss‐Bonnet定理在偶极子影响系数计算中的应用。探讨了这些计算方法的近似处理及由此造成的误差,进而以Gauss‐Bonnet定理为基础提出了计算偶极子影响系数的修改办法。将此种修改办法应用于面元法的计算中,以×××桨及×××桨为计算对象,分析修改前后的偶极子计算方法对计算结果精度的影响。从理论上探讨了面元法中,有关偶极子影响系数计算环节的误差及减小此部分误差的办法。     

船舶近岸航行岸壁效应数值研究

岸壁效应对近岸航行船舶的安全性有重要影响,若操作不当常会造成船舶过度与岸壁接近而发生碰撞.文中以系列60(Cb=0.6)船型为例,采用一种一阶Rankine源面元法计算其在浅水域中以恒定速度沿3种不同岸壁航行时受到的横向力和首摇力矩,分析了水深、船到岸壁距离、岸壁倾斜角度以及下潜岸壁高度等对船舶受到的水动力的影响.     

潜水器水动力系数计算方法研究

为了保证潜水器具有良好的操纵性能,构建操纵运动方程的水动力系数必须具有相当的准确性.文中以某长航程潜水器为研究对象求解其水动力系数,分别采用了近似公式估算、基于势流理论的面元法和提出的应用FLUENT模拟循环水槽试验3种方法.通过计算结果与模型循环水槽操纵性能试验结果的对比分析,总结了上述三种计算方法的适用范围和效果评价.     

三体船兴波问题的数值计算

以基于NURBS(non-uniformra tionalB-splines,非均匀有理B样条)的广义高阶面元法讨论了三体船兴波波形与兴波阻力的数值计算问题。对两种不同船型的三体船进行了计算,计算结果与试验结果的比较表明了该方法的有效性。文中还讨论了高速方尾三体船侧体的横向偏距和纵向偏距对兴波阻力的影响。     

典型加筋板拉伸疲劳试件设计方法研究

文章以加筋板拉伸疲劳试件设计为例,利用有限元方法对其疲劳试件应力分布情况进行了研究,得到了疲劳试件高应力区域;对影响试件疲劳强度的过渡段面板长度、球头端口结构型式、圆弧半径以及加强方式等主要因素进行了详细研究,提出了疲劳试件设计方法;利用该方法成功地对加筋板疲劳试件进行了优化设计,实现了疲劳试验的主要考核目的,为以后类似疲劳试件设计提供了参考依据。