故障区段判断和隔离方法

本文简要介绍了配线自动化系统中故障区段判断和隔离方法的基本原理,并论述了该方法的实施步骤。微机综合保护测控装置的直接I/O功能,使得将该方法用于地铁供电系统中成为可能。     

别克(BUICK)轿车发动机故障诊断

别克轿车发动机在使用过程中若出现故障，应首先进行故障诊断并提取故障码，对有故障代码的故障可按故障代码表指示的故障部位进行检查与诊断，对无故障代码但有故障症状的故障，可按故障症状进行诊断。该发动机常见的故障症状为发动机起动困难、怠速不稳、喘振、断火或缺火、回火、爆震、功率不足及燃油经济性不良等。阐述了以上故障症状与故障诊断。     

CT扫描对胰腺癌早期诊断的探讨

本文总结经ＣＴ扫描及病理证实的胰腺癌９３例，重点讨论直径≤３ｃｍ的小胰腺癌ＣＴ诊断。表明胰腺轮廓及实质形态变化，胰头不规则轻度增大或有小的局部隆起，钩突圆隆变形，胰管胆管扩张等是早期胰腺癌的重要征象。提示动态薄层扫描是胰腺癌早期发现和早期诊断的有效方法，其确诊率为８３．３％。     

小波网络专家系统在船舶电站机组故障诊断中的应用

在故障诊断中,首先分析了柴油机冷却系统的故障机理,并得到其故障征兆集、故障原因及它们之间的关系.然后应用小波网络建立起故障征兆和故障原因的映射关系进行分类,主要利用小波网络的非线性映射功能对故障分类诊断.文中还利用专家系统的知识对小波网络的诊断结果给予解释,成为小波网络的有力补充.     

U341E型自动变速器电磁阀的检测与故障诊断

该文以U341E型自动变速器电磁阀为例,叙述了电磁阀的结构特点、检测标准等。作者结合工作实践中遇到的行车故障,进行反复的车辆路试,掌握第一手的故障现象、故障特征,巧妙的运用电磁阀的工作规律,进行列表式的推理分析,最终清晰准确的诊断由电磁阀引发的故障。     

A Fuzzy Fault Diagnosis Method for Large Radar Based on Directed Graph Model

To meet the requirement of the real-time, accuracy and multi-target diagnosis of the large radar system,a new fuzzy fault diagnosis method based on directed graph model is proposed in this paper. In this method, the large complex system model is defined using the directed graph model firstly, in which the nodes observing the fault by the hierarchical reconstruction of the directed graph are located, then the fault dependency matrix between these nodes and the fault sources are established. And then, we utilize the sensors’ alarm probabilities under different situations to build the characteristic fault observation matrix in the fault observation space. Finally,the optimized corresponding diagnosis method using a fuzzy function, which describes the similarity between the actual observation vector and the fault’s characteristic vector, is designed. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve high diagnosis efficiency and accuracy. It can be widely used in the real radar system.     

Perspectives on railway track geometry condition monitoring from in-service railway vehicles

This paper presents a view of the current state of monitoring track geometry condition from in-service vehicles. It considers technology used to provide condition monitoring; some issues of processing and the determination of location; how things have evolved over the past decade; and what is being, or could/should be done in future research. Monitoring railway track geometry from an in-service vehicle is an attractive proposition that has become a reality in the past decade. However, this is only the beginning. Seeing the same track over and over again provides an opportunity for observing track geometry degradation that can potentially be used to inform maintenance decisions. Furthermore, it is possible to extend the use of track condition information to identify if maintenance is effective, and to monitor the degradation of individual faults such as dipped joints. There are full unattended track geometry measurement systems running on in-service vehicles in the UK and elsewhere around the world, feeding their geometry measurements into large databases. These data can be retrieved, but little is currently done with the data other than the generation of reports of track geometry that exceeds predefined thresholds. There are examples of simpler systems that measure some track geometry parameters more or less directly and accurately, but forego parameters such as gauge. Additionally, there are experimental systems that use mathematics and models to infer track geometry using data from sensors placed on an in-service vehicle. Finally, there are systems that do not claim to measure track geometry, but monitor some other quantity such as ride quality or bogie acceleration to infer poor track geometry without explicitly measuring it.     

EEMD和SVM在发动机故障诊断中的应用

针对发动机缸盖振动信号的非线性非平稳特征,提出一种总体平均经验模态分解(EEMD)和支持向量机相结合的信号分析及故障诊断方法,该方法利用EEMD算法以及IMF序列和原始振动信号之间的相关系数,有效放大故障诊断特征向量的差异。对原始振动信号进行EEMD分解,得到各阶特征模态函数(IMF),求各阶IMF分量对应于原始信号的相关系数并组成故障分类特征向量。分别将IMF相关系数法和IMF能量分布法得到的特征向量作为输入,建立BP神经网络和支持向量机,判断发动机工作状态和故障类型。分析表明,对IMF求相关系数的方法简便易行,能有效放大不同工况下特征向量的差异,结合支持向量机能够对既定机型的配气机构和点火系常见故障进行准确识别。     

改进D—S算法在船舶汽轮机故障诊断中的应用研究

针对汽轮机组的故障特征，将多个传感器获得的实时信号进行特征提取，对D-S证据理论在应用中不合理处进行改进。应用比较的结果表明，改进后的算法公式可信度明显提高，不确定性大大降低。     

基于Hilbert-Huang变换的柴油机气门漏气故障诊断研究

分析柴油机漏气故障的振动诊断机理,阐明Hilbert谱与傅里叶谱的区别,通过引入Hilbert-Huang变换这种新的时频分析方法成功诊断了气门漏气故障。