基于盾构掘进参数的孤石地层识别方法研究

为了在盾构掘进过程中准确识别孤石地层，保证施工安全，运用理论分析与工程数据验证，研究孤石地层识别方法。基于盾构掘进比能，结合主掘进参数，提出修正比能（SM），构建孤石地层SM识别模型及识别矩阵。运用BP神经网络技术，以实测掘进参数作为训练样本，建立孤石地层神经网络识别模型，具有极高的识别精度。利用盾构掘进数据对孤石地层识别方法进行工程验证。研究结果表明： 1) 修正比能法具有较强的容错能力、稳定性及特异性，识别效果优于掘进比能法； 2) 2组实测数据下，神经网络识别结果与识别矩阵的吻合率达到98.3%和98.8%； 3) 以修正比能法为基础，结合神经网络法作为辅助与参考对孤石地层进行双重识别，具有较好的工程实际意义。     

Implementation of active steering on longer combination vehicles for enhanced lateral performance

A steering-based controller for improving lateral performance of longer combination vehicles (LCVs) is proposed. The controller steers the axles of the towed units to regulate the time span between the driver steering and generation of tyre lateral forces at the towed units and consequently reduces the yaw rate rearward amplification (RWA) and offtracking. The open-loop effectiveness of the controller is evaluated with simulations and its closed loop or driver in the loop effectiveness is verified on a test track with a truck–dolly–semitrailer test vehicle in a series of single- and double-lane change manoeuvres. The developed controller reduces the yaw rate RWA and offtracking considerably without diminishing the manoeuvrability. Furthermore, as a byproduct, it decreases the lateral acceleration RWA moderately. The obtained safety improvements by the proposed controller can promote the use of LCVs in traffic which will result in the reduction of congestion problem as well as environmental and economic benefits.     

重庆寸滩架空直立式集装箱码头结构有限元分析

利用有限元法对内河大水位差架空直立式集装箱码头结构进行计算分析。采用等截面梁单元,按平面刚架建模分别对各控制工况进行了比较计算和分析,并按空间刚架建模对计算结果进行复核,计算结果可靠合理,为合理结构型式的研究提供了依据。     

碳纤维布与钢板复合加固钢筋混凝土梁抗弯性能试验研究

对碳纤维布与钢板复合加固的钢筋混凝土梁的抗弯性能进行试验研究,探讨了混凝土强度、纵筋配筋率、碳纤维布用量、钢板用量、锚固方式等对复合加固的钢筋混凝土梁的破坏机理、受力性能的影响。试验结果表明:碳纤维与钢板复合加固钢筋混凝土梁能有效地提高截面承载力,约束裂缝的发展,提高刚度;加载点及端部采用的U型钢板箍较好地防止了梁中剥离破坏的发生。同单种材料加固梁相比,复合加固梁的抗弯性能有较好的改善。     

复合材料锥柱结合壳非线性稳定性特性

根据稳定性分析的前屈曲完全理论和修正型的Hahn－Tsai非线性本构关系，利用有限元位移法，对复合材料锥柱结合壳进行了考虑材料非线性弹性性能的总体稳定性分析，考察了复合材料的横向和剪切非线性对结构总体稳定性的影响．     

基于Web的积件系统设计

积件思想改变了传统制作课件的方法,使教师可以自己定制适合各种教学情境的教学课件。文章介绍了积件的理论基础,设计实现了基于Web的积件系统,重点阐述了该系统的积件库的设计和系统的用户管理、积件库管理、积件组合平台、系统维护4个模块的功能和一个积件式网络课程平台的应用实例。     

施工阶段钢绞线摩阻损失变化规律探索

对钢绞线张拉理论精确伸长量和预应力损失之间的关系进行初步分析。在几个施工现场进行钢绞线逐级张拉试验，得出在较高锚下应力度下，实际摩阻损失与锚下应力大致呈线性规律变化。通过设置线性起始点偏差的阀值，来分析不同长度钢绞线的合理初应力起算点。通过分析伸长量偏差与预应力损失偏差的比值，初步得出伸预率比与钢绞线长之间的线性变化规律。     

农村公路的特征与界定方法研究

如何有效减少农村公路的交通事故,已成为人们普遍关注的问题之一.鉴于农村公路界定方法不成系统,缺乏综合性,通过总结农村公路的特征和三级公路存在的问题,提出界定农村公路的方法,以便在建设、维护和后期的运营阶段指导相关人员掌握农村公路的特性,以期减少农村公路交通事故的发生,提高农村公路的总体服务水平.     

A new method for determining wheel–rail multi-point contact

A new method for wheel–rail multi-point contact is presented in this paper. In this method, the first- and the second-order derivatives of the wheel–rail interpolation distance function and the elastic wheel–rail virtual penetration are used to determine multiple contact points. The method takes account of the yaw angle of the wheelset and allows the identification of all possible points of contact between wheel and rail surfaces with an arbitrary geometry. Static contact geometry calculations are first carried out using the developed method for both new and worn wheel profiles and with a new rail profile. The validity of the method is then verified by simulations of a coupled vehicle and track system dynamics over a small radius curve. The simulation results show that the developed method for multi-point contact is efficient and reliable enough to be implemented online for simulations of vehicle–track system dynamics.     

关于新型提速90 t凹底平车牵引点位置的探讨

按照《AAR机务标准手册》,对新型提速90 t凹底平车的牵引点布置在不同位置(布置在转向架上和布置在车体上)时由于车钩的偏移而作用在车辆上的横向力分别进行了计算,为确定总体方案提供了依据。