基于闭环力反馈原理的非线性液压主动阻尼悬架模型的研究及优化设计

本文在理论上建立了一套基于主动力反馈原理的新型主动阻尼悬架的设计和优化方法。首先提出了该主动阻尼悬架的实现模型，该模型是在传统的液力减振器的基础上，应用半主动控制的思想，结合力反馈的原理建立起来的内部液压反馈阻尼网络模型。理论优化分析和计算机仿真表明，通过该液阻网络模型，即可以实现电控的主动阻尼悬架的功能，它可以根据汽车行驶路况的好坏，自适应地调节悬架阻尼大小以实现主动阻尼悬架的最优控制。     

基于模糊控制的自适应反馈调节系统

船舶操纵是一个非线性过程,定值反馈控制方式的操纵性能不能令人满意。针对上述问题,提出了一种基于模糊控制的自适应反馈调节系统,它可在线自动调整系统的反馈系数。仿真结果表明它在船舶操纵应用中具有较好的动态特性,鲁棒性和跟踪能力,在一定程度上改善了船舶的操纵性能。     

Fault-tolerant control of heavy-haul trains

The fault-tolerant control (FTC) of heavy-haul trains is discussed on the basis of the speed regulation proposed in previous works. The fault modes of trains are assumed and the corresponding fault detection and isolation (FDI) are studied. The FDI of sensor faults is based on a geometric approach for residual generators. The FDI of a braking system is based on the observation of the steady-state speed. From the difference of the steady-state speeds between the fault system and the faultless system, one can get fault information. Simulation tests were conducted on the suitability of the FDIs and the redesigned speed regulators. It is shown that the proposed FTC does not explicitly worsen the performance of the speed regulator in the case of a faultless system, while it obviously improves the performance of the speed regulator in the case of a faulty system.     

Non-fragile multi-objective static output feedback control of vehicle active suspension with time-delay

This paper presents an approach to design a delay-dependent non-fragile H_∞/L₂–L_∞ static output feedback (SOF) controller for active suspension with input time-delay. The control problem of quarter-car active suspension with actuator time-delay is formulated to a H_∞/L₂–L_∞ control problem. By employing a delay-dependent Lyapunov function, new existence conditions of delay-dependent non-fragile SOF H_∞ controller and L₂–L_∞ controller are derived, respectively, in terms of the feasibility of bilinear matrix inequalities (BMIs). Then, a procedure based on linear matrix inequality optimisation and a hybrid algorithm of the particle swarm optimisation and differential evolution is used to solve an optimisation problem with BMI constraints. Design and simulation results of non-fragile H_∞/L₂–L_∞ controller for active suspension show that the designed controller not only can achieve the optimal performance and stability of the closed-loop system in spite of the existence of the actuator time-delay, but also has significantly improved the non-fragility characteristics over controller perturbations.     

Coupled vibration analysis of Maglev vehicle-guideway while standing still or moving at low speeds

Dynamic instability, that is, resonance, may occur on an electromagnetic suspension-type Maglev that runs over the elevated guideway, particularly at very low speeds, due to the flexibility of the guideway. An analysis of the dynamic interaction between the vehicle and guideway is required at the design stage to investigate such instability, setting slender guideway in design direction for reducing construction costs. In addition, it is essential to design an effective control algorithm to solve the problem of instability. In this article, a more detailed model for the dynamic interaction of vehicle/guideway is proposed. The proposed model incorporates a 3D full vehicle model based on virtual prototyping, flexible guideway by a modal superposition method and levitation electromagnets including feedback controller into an integrated model. By applying the proposed model to an urban Maglev vehicle newly developed for commercial application, an analysis of the instability phenomenon and an investigation of air gap control performance are carried out through a simulation.     

牵引电机反馈试验站测控系统设计

牵引电机反馈试验站测控系统主要对牵引电机进行性能测试 ,计算机根据自动检测到的数据做出综合分析 ,在测试全过程中 ,系统实时显示电机状态信息。测试后的数据 ,可按用户提出的要求进行查询打印 ,方便机务段进行数据管理 ,从根本上保证机车电机的检修质量 ,提高了检修效率。     

船舶力控减摇鳍模糊控制器设计及稳定性分析

建立了船舶力控减摇鳍控制系统的T-S(Takagi-Sugeno)模糊模型.根据输入采用标准模糊分划的模糊控制系统的定义和性质,通过构建分段光滑的Lyapunov函数提出了一个新的判定闭环T-S模糊控制系统稳定性的充分条件.该方法只需在各最大交叠规则组内分别寻找公共的正定矩阵,减小了以往稳定性判定方法的保守性和难度.在此基础上利用并行分布补偿(PDC)原理,进一步探讨了T-S模糊控制器的系统化设计方法,并具体设计了一种船舶力控减摇鳍的模糊控制器.计算机仿真结果验证了本文模糊控制器设计方法的有效性.     

引入迭代阈值判决导引判决反馈盲均衡算法

基于判决圆的常数模算法(CMA)和判决导引算法(DD)相结合的判决反馈盲均衡算法(CMA+DD),在均衡的起始阶段,由于眼图未睁开,DD算法无法收敛,导致收敛速度慢.为了加快收敛速度,在迭代过程中引入迭代阈值limit,以修改CMA+DD算法的判决条件,从而得到改进的CMA+DD算法(MCMA+DD).该算法在均衡的起始阶段先采用CMA迭代limit次,然后再根据判决圆进行切换.水声信道仿真结果表明,MCMA+DD算法收敛速度快;迭代阈值不同,影响收敛速度;仍具有冷启动和重新启动能力.     

智能汽车自动紧急转向避撞的跟踪控制方法对比研究

为了提高智能汽车的主动安全性,提出3种不同的自动紧急转向避撞跟踪控制方法。首先建立汽车避撞简化模型,对制动、转向及两者相结合的3种不同避撞方式进行对比分析。其次,为深入研究汽车避撞过程中的实际响应,建立包含转向、制动及悬架3个子系统耦合特性的底盘18自由度统一动力学模型,并进行相关试验验证。随后构建智能汽车自动紧急转向避撞控制框架,对五次多项式参考路径和七次多项式参考路径的横摆角速度和横摆角加速度进行对比分析。接着以线性2自由度转向动力学模型为参考对象,对最优控制四轮转向、最优控制前轮转向、前馈与反馈控制相结合的前轮转向3种不同的跟踪控制系统分别进行设计。最后,以汽车底盘18自由度统一动力学模型为研究对象,对上述3种避撞控制系统进行仿真试验对比分析。研究结果表明：与制动避撞相比而言,转向避撞所需的纵向距离有较大降低,随着车速的增加和路面附着系数的越低,效果越明显;七次多项式参考路径比五次多项式参考路径的避撞过渡过程更为平缓,当实际车速与控制器所用车速不一致时,前者避撞性能表现更优;最优四轮转向控制系统在高、低2种不同附着路面都具有较好的避撞效果,最优前轮转向控制系统次之,而前馈与反馈相结合的前轮转向控制系统在低附着路面上则表现出严重的失稳。     

基于遗传算法的混凝土热学参数反分析与反馈研究

混凝土热学参数主要是通过室内试验得到的,不能真实地反应施工现场的混凝土热学性能.针对这一问题,结合工程现场实测的混凝土温度,利用遗传算法对混凝土温度场进行反演计算,并将计算值和实测值进行对比,分析计算结果的合理性,得到反映混凝土真实热学性能的参数.结合混凝土温度场应力场的基本原理和水管冷却的精确算法,利用这些参数,通过三维有限元仿真计算程序对施工现场混凝土温度场进行反馈计算.确定温控防裂措施,指导后续施工.结果表明t该方法可成为替代用室内试验和经验公式选取热学参数的有效途径.