海水环境下盾构泥浆性能试验研究

为解决泥水盾构在海水地层中掘进时的泥浆配制问题,以苏埃通道工程为依托,采用室内试验的研究方法,进行淡水泥浆和海水泥浆的性能对比试验和海水渗入淡水泥浆试验,以及海水泥浆的不同添加剂和固相材料配比试验,并开展淡水泥浆在海水地层环境中的成膜试验,得到以下结论： 1）无添加剂时淡水基浆中膨润土比例宜取为18%~24%,对于质量分数为30%的基浆可通过添加纯碱来降低黏度; 2）随着膨润土含量的增加,不同海水渗入量对淡水泥浆胶体率的影响降低、对黏度的影响提高; 3）HPMC可提高海水泥浆的胶体率,降低离析速率,但会使泥浆黏度增大; 4）固相比例不变时,加入黏土可改善膨润土与HPMC反应黏度过大的问题,但会提高海水泥浆的滤失量; 5）18%比例的膨润土淡水泥浆在苏埃通道工程海水环境下的砂性地层中成膜效果较好。     

喇嘛溪沟泥石流形成条件及易发性评价

雅安—泸沽高速公路途径汉源县境内文武坡喇嘛溪沟的昔格达地层,工程地质性质极差。该流域坡面受水长期冲刷,形成多条冲沟;沟道纵比降大,且侧壁松散固体物质丰富,侵蚀严重,在暴雨的诱发下有可能发生泥石流,直接对高速公路的修建与运营造成影响。在调查研究的基础上,分析了喇嘛溪沟泥石流形成的条件,对流速、冲击力、总量等进行了计算,并评价了该泥石流的易发性,结果表明:喇嘛溪沟泥石流的类型属于暴雨型稀性泥石流,相应设计概率下的暴发规模属小型,泥石流流量很小,基本以水土流失形式存在。建议采取一定的防治措施。     

水平旋喷桩超前预支护在风积沙隧道中的应用

榆神高速神木一号隧道风积沙地层颗粒单一,级配不良,结构松散,施工难度极大,通过对不同超前支护方式加固效果的分析,简要阐述了水平旋喷桩在不良地质地层加固中的优势和特点,并详细介绍了其主要施工工艺和关键技术要点.     

贵州山区高速公路滑坡类型及特征分析

贵州山区高速公路建设中出现的滑坡主要有破碎岩体滑坡、堆积体滑坡、基岩顺层滑坡、填方路基滑坡等。介绍了不同地质条件下工程建设产生的滑坡类型、规模及影响,分析了滑坡的诱发因素,阐述了勘察设计过程中的重点和难点,以及采取的处治措施等。     

聚酯纤维对沥青混合料性能影响的研究

选用进口和国产两种聚酯纤维，通过对掺与不掺聚酯纤维的相同级配沥青混合料的高温稳定性、水稳定性、低温抗裂性及抗疲劳性能的室内对比试验研究，探讨了纤维增强沥青混合料的强度形成机理，较全面认识了纤维沥青混合料的性能。试验表明，聚酯纤维对沥青混合料的多种性能均有所改善，可在工程中参考使用。     

东海大桥预制箱梁裂缝控制

结合东海大桥预制箱梁的工程实践,分析施工现场箱梁裂缝产生的原因,介绍防裂的控制措施以及取得的成功经验。     

离散地层区域摩擦桩承载力的敏感分析

首先对佛山某立交的概况及地质进行了简介。此立交地处鱼塘附近,土层性质变化很大,淤泥层厚度不一。然后对此立交的摩擦桩的承载力进行了敏感分析,并针对其特点对此类地质的下部结构桩基设计提出了建议。     

Winter intensification and water mass evolution from yearlong current meters in the Northeast Water Polynya

In the summer of 1992, four current meter moorings were deployed in and later retrieved from the Northeast Water (NEW) polynya on the East Greenland Shelf by the USCGC Polar Sea. The moorings provided hourly temperature, salinity and current data for approximately one year. In the NEW, the circulation intensified and steadiness increased during winter. This intensification was most readily observed at 150 m on the southern side of Westwind trough. The surface layer freshened from summer through December due to ice-melt and freshwater runoff mixing down to at least 75 m. From December through early spring, salinity increased probably due to brine rejected during ice formation. Wintertime events showed water at 75 m with temperatures at the freezing point. Knee Water (KW) was not observed in the current meter data. However, a warmer and fresher than KW watermass was observed at 150 m over the shelf and may result from mixing outside the NEW among KW and the major water masses influencing the region. Polar Water and Atlantic Intermediate Water. Several short-lived events of 3 to 7 days duration perturbed the T-S character at each of the current meters. We believe that these T-S shifts were anticyclonic eddies advecting through the NEW polynya. During such perturbations, T-S values found generally at 75 m were observed at 150 m and T-S values generally at 150 m were observed at 250 m. On the northern side of the Westwind trough, the current meter data provided direct evidence for westward flow into the western extent of the trough at a depth of 250 m. This southwesterly current along the northwest slope of the trough at 250 m is in agreement with the summertime ADCP measurements made in 1992 aboard Polar Sea, and is consistent with the flow inferred from summer hydrography measured from Polarstern in 1993.     

渔船编队规划模型

船舶编队规划通常归属于线性规划，用单纯形法求解，但对渔船，可能因渔场资源的可捕获量与各渔船年捕获量不匹配，而导致无解。本文提出，对这类问题可以先用匈牙利法求解，以得到渔场资源可捕获量多或少于渔船年捕获量的信息。根据此信息可以处理单纯形法的约束方程组中等式和不等式的关系，从而求出使目标函数值为最小的解。     

HBV-TF抗原特异性的研究

应用抗原特异性玫瑰花结试验对比研究HBV-TF、N-TF及TMP的生物活性及抗原特异性。实验发现经HBV-TF作用的绵羊淋巴细胞与HBsAg包被的绵羊红血球形成的抗原特异性玫瑰花结阳性率最高,为4.5%,而经N-TF及TMP作用的绵羊淋巴细胞仅形成极少的玫瑰花结,分别为0.35%和0.33%与HBV-TF作用组相比有非常显著的差异(P<0.01)。