Analysis of Clogging Mechanism and Filter-cake Structure of Slurry Containing Coarse-particle Materials in Sandy Strata北大核心CSCD

The problem of filter-cake formation in highly permeable strata is urgently to be solved for slurry shield tunnelling. Adding coarse-particle materials in slurry is an effective method to solve the problem. A selfdesigned test device of slurry invasion and filter-cake formation in strata was adopted, and one kind of lightweight sand was selected as coarse particle materials. By changing the particle sizes of light-weight sand particles, the filtrate mass and the time of filter-cake formation under the condition of different additive contents and pressures were measured. And the influence of particle size of coarse-particle materials on filter-cake formation characteristics was analyzed. A triangular constriction calculation method was proposed, which can be used to quickly determine the influence range of coarse-particle materials on the pore size variation of the strata. The test results show that: (1) the addition of coarse-particle materials can significantly reduce the inter-particle pore size and effectively improve the clogging effectiveness under the condition of this tested strata. (2) The particle size of coarse-particle materials has a great influence on filter-cake formation characteristics. The coarse-particle material with smaller particle size has a better clogging effect, and its filter-cake formation characteristics are more stable. The coarse-particle material with larger particle size has a higher volatility in its filter-cake formation characteristics. (3) Coarse-particle materials with different particle sizes result in different final filter-cake structures. When the coarse-particle materials possess a larger particle size, a mixed filtercake structure is formed, and when the particle size is small, a double-layer filter-cake structure is formed. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

从菲律宾2.17泥石流灾难探讨三峡库区的泥石流问题

2006年2月17日爆发的菲律宾特大型泥石流灾害是物源、地形地貌、降雨及地震等多因子耦合异变的必然结果,降雨、地震→散体滑坡→泥石流是该泥石流的形成机制,大量的村庄、居民生活在泥石流致灾区内而未进行有效的预警预报是泥石流灾难形成的根本原因.本文从泥石流物源、沟谷形态外貌、气象条件、地震等方面把三峡库区与菲律宾2.17泥石流区进行了对比分析,认为,三峡库区内的物源类型更多、储量更大、水理性能更差,潜在泥石流沟更多,气象条件更差,人类活动更强,致灾危险性更严重,换言之,三峡库区具备了发生大型、特大型泥石流灾害的条件.探讨了三峡库区泥石流研究与防治的基本思路.     

浅谈柴油机有害排放物生成机理及应对策略

文章通过分析柴油机主要有害排放物NOx和碳烟的形成机理,简单阐述了一些因素对排放的影响,从多方面考虑,提出降低柴油机有害排放物的有效措施。     

美国衡量典型编队综合作战能力参数分析

在分析美国海军典型编队作战任务、基本编成和典型编成作战能力基础上,从编队交战态势想定出发,想定美国衡量海军舰艇编队作战能力的战区感知能力、协同指挥控制能力、综合交战能力和综合保障能力四个顶层参数,并对每个参数进行了详细分析。     

防空作战中航母生存概率的数学模型

研究航母在防空作战中的生存概率模型对于航母编队的防空装备需求和防空战法论证具有重要意义.从航母编队对空防御的基本战法入手,首先建立了攻击方对航母编队攻击的导弹数量总量的计算公式,然后在假设遭受敌饱和攻击的条件下,基于排队论方法建立了航母防空作战生存概率的数学模型,推导了来袭导弹流穿过多层防空系统后的强度变化规律,并对防空导弹和火炮系统对来袭导弹的平均服务时间进行了估算,从而得出航母生存概率.最后举例给出了计算结果,并对计算结果进行了分析.     

关于水面舰艇编队防空队形的优化研究

针对因队形变化给水面舰艇编队防空能力带来的5方面的影响,初步建立了水面舰艇编队防空队形综合评判的指标体系.由于评价指标较多,且很难用准确的数学语言来描述,因此应用了模糊DEA评价模型对模糊指标进行评价.然后,运用所建立的综合评价模型对水面舰艇编队防空队形进行综合评价.以驱逐舰为例,求出了最佳防空队形--菱形队形.该评价方法简单易行,容易在计算机上实现,初步解决了水面舰艇编队防空队形的优选问题.     

造桥机节段拼装法成梁施工控制

运用工程控制的思想,对成梁线形和施工期间结构变化状态,建立模型和性能指标,用递推滤波的方法估计出状态变量,按确定的控制规律构成闭环状态反馈系统,得出控制变量值,对赣龙铁路16标段森坑一号大桥节段拼装法成梁施工的各阶段进行了控制,使节段梁在完成张拉后的上拱度值达到设计要求。该控制思想在桥梁施工,尤其是在铁路桥梁施工中具有很好的推广价值。     

交通指路标志字高与视认性关系研究

采取理论分析和大量现场试验相结合的研究方法,分析了指路标志汉字字高与视认性的定量关系.基于视觉生理学理论和非线性回归分析的方法,建立了交通标志汉字字高通用模型,该模型与实测数据之间具有较好的拟合性.研究结果一方面验证了我国现有指路标志字高标准的合理性和科学性,另一方面为交通指路标志字高的科学设计提供了理论依据.     

AlOOH与MgO固相反应合成MAS粉体的热力学分析

根据热力学计算得到镁铝尖晶石固相合成的临界温度为800 K,说明在较低温度下固相反应合成镁铝尖晶石是可行的.DTA曲线上大约在750℃处稍微出现一点放热凸起,以及XRD图谱出现几个尖晶石的馒头峰,都说明此时已经生成少量尖晶石相.在固相反应中,A lOOH分解为高活性的A l2O3,是降低合成温度的关键.将高纯A lOOH与MgO球磨混合30 h后,于1 400℃下焙烧保温3 h,得到纯相MAS粉体.     

Research on framework for formation control of multiple underwater robots in a dynamic environment

In this paper a practical framework is proposed to keep formation control of multiple underwater robots in a dynamic environment. The approach is a viable solution to solve formation problem. The approach allows online planning of the formation paths using a Dijkstra‘s search algorithm based on the current sensor data. The formation is allowed to be dynamically changed in order to avoid obstacles in the environment. A controller is designed to keep the robots in their planned trajectories. It is shown that the approach is effective and feasible by the simulation of computer.