微格教学原理在专业技能强化训练中的应用

运用微格教学法对学生进行专业技能强化训练，是教学改革的新尝试，教学实验表明：引用微格教学法于专业技能训练是对传统教学模式的有效补充和完善．对学生掌握和提高专业操作技能有积极的促进作用．     

城市中心区停车资源优化模型

结合城市中心区的土地利用与功能布局,探讨了中心区内停车设施供应与需求的时间、空间不均衡关系。根据不同用地停车设施使用特征,建立了基于土地利用的动态停车泊位需求模型,描述了不同功能建筑物停车需求的时间变化规律。根据停车需求的差异性,提出了互补型用地功能区停车泊位优化整合方法,该方法在不增加停车泊位总量的情况下可提高单个泊位的使用效率,有利于缓解城市中心区停车资源紧张状况。     

基于DEA模型的江苏省道路交通运输效率评价与分析

应用数据包络分析（DEA）方法对江苏省2004年各省辖市公路交通运输有效性进行了评价。从投入冗余和产出不足两方面分析了非DEA有效单元存在的问题,并进一步针对DEA有效单元进行二次评价。结果显示,苏南地区的城市均为DEA有效和接近有效单元,苏中地区效率表现稍差,苏北地区除徐州、连云港是DEA有效单元外．其余各市公路运输效率水平较低。根据计算结果及分析．提出了改善各地区公路运输有效性的建议。     

基于DEA模型的城市公共交通效率评价

从城市公共交通系统的投入产出角度出发建立基于数据包络模型（DEA）的效率评价模型,给出城市交通系统“输入”和“输出”有效度的评价方法与指标,进而得到城市公共交通系统效率的综合评价。文章以南京市近7年（2000年～2006年）的城市公共交通系统输入输出状况为实例进行研究和分析,并从评价研究中发现城市公共交通系统的问题并寻求解决对策,为进一步提高城市交通系统的组织和优化提供基础。     

Energy consumption and cost-benefit analysis of hybrid and electric city buses

This paper presents a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of hybrid and electric city buses in fleet operation. The analysis is founded on an energy consumption analysis, which is carried out on the basis of extensive simulations in different bus routes. A conventional diesel city bus is used as a reference for the CBA. Five different full size hybrid and electric city bus configurations were considered in this study; two parallel and two series hybrid buses, and one electric city bus. Overall, the simulation results indicate that plug-in hybrid and electric city buses have the best potential to reduce energy consumption and emissions. The capital and energy storage system costs of city buses are the most critical factors for improving the cost-efficiency of these alternative city bus configurations. Furthermore, the operation schedule and route planning are important to take into account when selecting hybrid and electric city buses for fleet operation.     

路企直通运输利弊分析及改进对策

文章针对铁路货物运输现状,阐述了路企直通运输带来的好处,同时分析了路企直通运输存在的问题,并提出了相应的改进建议。     

The evaluation of transportation energy efficiency: An application of three-stage virtual frontier DEA

In this paper, transportation energy efficiency is newly defined and its inputs and outputs are obtained through literature review. Labor input, capital input and energy input are selected as the inputs, passenger turnover volume and freight turnover volume are defined as the outputs. A new model—three-stage virtual frontier DEA (three-stage virtual frontier Data Envelopment Analysis) is proposed to evaluate transportation energy efficiencies. The case of thirty Chinese PARs (provincial administrative regions) from 2003 to 2012 is applied to verify its rationality. In the three-stage virtual frontier DEA, the reference DMU (decision-making unit) set and the evaluated DMU set are two different sets so that it can distinguish the DEA efficient DMUs. And in the evaluating process, the reference DMU set remains unchanged to assure its results more reasonable than Super DEA model. The results show that transport structure and management measures have important impacts on transportation energy efficiency.     

Measuring the environmental efficiency of the global aviation fleet

This research analyses the environmental footprint of the airline industry in an attempt to highlight potential paths for improvement. We develop a directional economic-environmental distance function (DEED) which accounts for the production of both desirable and undesirable output and the potential for constrained increases in input utilization. This research applies the modeling framework to analyze the potential to reduce noise and airborne pollutants emitted by aircraft–engine combinations given the current state of aeronautical technology. The global aircraft–engine market is viewed from the regulatory perspective in order to compare the single environmental and operational efficient frontier to that of the airline carriers, and environmental objectives. The results of DEED are then applied in order to substitute the fleets serving Schipol, Amsterdam and Arlanda, Stockholm airports in June 2010 with the benchmark aircraft. The results highlight the inefficiencies of the current airline fleets and that the IPCC values of externalities are a magnitude of TEN too low to encourage changes in the global fleet hence the need for government intervention.     

基于OFDM的移动蜂窝系统中分布式带宽借复用机制

为了提高未来基于OFDM的移动蜂窝系统的频谱效率,尤其在小区/扇区间流量不均匀的情况下,本文基于两种传统的扇区结构(菱形扇区和五边形扇区)提出一种分布式带宽借复用DBBR(Distributed Bandwidth Borrowing and Reusing)算法。算法利用离基站较近的用户有着较好信道条件的特点,那些带宽不够的扇区以无功率控制的方式借复用相邻扇区中空闲的带宽和离基站较近的用户所使用的带宽,以此提高扇区的吞吐量。理论分析和仿真结果表明相对于传统的三扇区结构,该算法使扇区的平均吞吐量有20%左右的提升,同时说明加入功率控制也不会带来系统吞吐量更多的改善。     

Analysis of the operational energy efficiency for inland river ships

This paper looks at the energy consumption and green house gas emissions of inland river shipping, and compares them with the performance of seagoing ships. The analysis is based on a case study of container shipping on the Yangtze River, China. Data were collected under both calm water and real navigation conditions, and energy efficiency operation indices under these conditions are calculated and analyzed. We find that the navigation environment can influence significantly the operational energy efficiency of inland river ships.