红外序列图像帧间匹配算法研究

文章在现有单帧图像检测算法的基础上,提出了一种可同步跟踪运动目标的帧间匹配算法。算法采取对相邻两帧间像素点匹配,匹配过程与当前两帧外的其余帧无关,把匹配结果兴趣区域像素点对应的另一个全零矩阵位置值赋为1,顺利输入检测后的单帧图像,执行匹配操作,实时形成目标运动轨迹。该算法结构简单、存储量少、计算速度快,硬件平台要就低,可有效地完成对多个目标、交叉目标、迎头目标的检测与跟踪。根据仿真和实拍照片的试验,证实了算法理论上的优点,有较高的应用价值。     

基于单一线列阵的水下测速技术研究

利用水下声音可有效传播特征,提出了利用单一线列阵测试水下运动目标速度的方法．利用不同时刻运动目标和线列阵之间的几何关系,建立了速度测试的数学模型．本文介绍了最大拟然算法和信号相位匹配原理算法,用于高精度求解运动目标的方位角（DOA）．对速度测试误差影响的关键因素进行了分析,提出了测试系统组成：在运动目标相隔一定距离部位上安装两发射不同频率的换能器,在距运动目标不远处布上装有电子罗盘和深度传感器的线列阵,同时配备有信号采集记录仪．推导了系统特别是线列阵的参数要求．考虑工程上实际误差并进行仿真计算,仿真计算表明,一个孔径小于1m的16元阵均匀线列阵的速度测试误差小于4％．消声水池和水库试验进一步验证了模型和仿真计算的正确性．     

轮轨匹配对高速动车组动力学性能的影响

基于阿尔斯通公司和长春轨道客车股份有限公司提供的CRH5动车组CA250转向架及车体模型、基本结构参数及仿真报告,利用多体动力学仿真软件ADAMS（RAIL／VIEW模块）建立转向架及整车动力学仿真模型．首先对中国车轮踏面LM和LMA、欧洲车轮踏面S1002、应用在TGVA和KTX（韩国TGV）上的特殊车轮踏面XP55与UIC60kg轨面匹配分别进行等效锥度计算和对比,然后根据线性及非线性临界速度分析方法对拖车（满载）进行横向稳定性仿真分析,最后进行了不同轮轨匹配状况下的曲线通过性能仿真．重点分析不同匹配参数及轮对定位方式对整车动力学性能的影响．     

A three-stage computational approach to network matching

Network matching is frequently needed for integrating data that come from different sources. Traditional ways of finding correspondences between networks are time-consuming and require considerable manual manipulation. This paper describes a three-stage matching algorithm (node matching, segment matching, and edge matching) that combines bottom-up and top-down procedures to carry out the matching computation. As it uses sensitive matching measures, the proposed algorithm promises good improvement to existing algorithms. An experiment of matching two waterway networks is reported in the paper. The results of this experiment demonstrate that a reasonable matching rate and good computational efficiency can be achieved with this algorithm. The paper also briefly discusses necessary improvements in areas of linear alignment, aspatial matching and higher-level matching.     

Online license plate matching procedures using license-plate recognition machines and new weighted edit distance

License-plate recognition (LPR) technology has been widely applied in many different transportation applications such as enforcement, vehicle monitoring, and access control. Recently, there has been effort to exploit an LPR database for vehicle tracking using popular template matching procedures. Existing template matching procedures assume that the true reference string is always available. However, under a two-point LPR survey, a vehicle could have its plate misread at both locations generating a pair of misread strings (or templates) with no reference for matching. To compensate for LPR misreading problem, we propose a new weight function based on a probability model to match the observed outcomes of a dual LPR setup. Also, considering that reversal errors are never made in LPR machines, new editing constraints as a function of the string lengths are proposed to avoid compensation for reversal errors. These editing constraints are incorporated into the constraint edit distance formulation to improve the performance of the matching procedure. Finally, considering that previous template matching procedures do not take advantage of passage time information available in LPR databases, we present an online tracking procedure that considers the properties of probability distribution of vehicle journey times in order to increase the probability of correct matches. Experimental results show that our proposed procedure can improve the accuracy of LPR systems and achieve up to 97% of positive matches with no false matches. Further research is needed to extend the ideas proposed herein to plate-matching with multiple, i.e., more than two, LPR units.     

A multi-criteria evaluation of solutions and alternatives for matching capacity to demand in an airport system: the case of London

This paper applies multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods to the evaluation of solutions and alternatives for matching airport system airside (runway) capacity to demand. For such a purpose, ‘building a new runway’ is considered as the solution and candidate airports of the system as alternatives for implementing the solution. The alternative airports are characterized by their physical/spatial, operational, economic, environmental, and social performance represented by corresponding indicator systems which, after being defined and estimated under given operating scenarios, are used as evaluation attributes/criteria by the selected MCDM methods. Two MCDM methods – Simple Additive Weighting and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution – are applied to the case of the London airport system to rank and select the preferred alternative from three candidate airports – Heathrow, Gatwick, and Stansted – for where a new runway could be built.     

城市路内停车设置规模非线性优化模型及其算法

为了达到路内与路外停车的合理匹配,减小停车成本,从路内停车带与路外停车场匹配关系入手,分析了车辆停放者选择停车场行为,分别量化了路内车辆停放者和路段车辆出行者的社会成本,综合考虑路内停车对道路交通流延误的影响、绕行距离、收费差额以及个体时间效益的基础上,提出了一种基于停车成本整体最小的路内停车带设置规模优化模型,设计了求解模型的内点法。实例计算结果表明,与设置路内停车带之前相比,优化后停车平均绕行距离减少了63.0%,停车综合成本下降了37.3%,可以看出路内停车带规模模型能够优化路内与路外停车之间匹配关系,使停车系统综合成本最小。     

直流牵引系统继电保护参数匹配

根据上海地铁2号线直流牵引供电系统继电保护的配置,结合直流保护的原理,分析直流保护动作电流的特征波形,阐述系统保护参数设置与地铁车辆负载特征匹配性问题;对比现场测试数据和保护原理的特征曲线,提出保护参数匹配的调整方法,为直流牵引系统的保护调整提供参考依据。     

近距空爆载荷下钢板/聚脲复合结构动响应特性仿真

[目的]为探讨聚脲涂层对钢板抗爆性能的提升机制,掌握背涂聚脲层对钢板动响应特性的影响规律,对钢板/聚脲复合结构的抗爆动响应过程进行仿真研究.[方法]采用LS-DYNA软件对钢板/聚脲复合结构在近距空爆载荷作用下的变形/失效过程及吸能机制进行数值仿真,并与文献试验结果进行对比,验证数值仿真方法的合理性和准确性.在此基础上...     

后排座椅靠背挤压对内饰匹配的影响研究

汽车内饰件普遍有着面积大、易变形的特点,其零件一般刚度较小,可以承受一定程度的变形,以对乘客形成一定的安全保护.由于内饰件受力易变形的特点,零件的受力状态会对匹配区域产生影响,因此成为整车内饰匹配质量提升不可忽视的关键因素.文章研究了某车型座椅挤压对内饰零件的影响,通过一系列结构优化措施,研究了可以消除挤压对内饰零件匹...