基于刚柔耦合多体动力学模型的配气机构计算

通过在配气机构多刚体模型中引入柔性体,描述了配气机构的动力学性能;建立了柔性体气门弹簧,分析了气门弹簧动刚度的非线性行为,并且依据模态技术计算得到其动态应力;该方法为优化设计配气机构等机械产品及对其进行疲劳性能研究提供了依据。     

Effects of economic disincentives on private car use

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of economic disincentives on private car use. Eighty two-adult households who were owners of at least one car were randomly assigned to three experimental groups and one control group. Both experimental and control groups logged their car trips during one week before, one week during, and one week after treatment. The treatment consisted of charging two of the experimental groups approximately 100% of normal cost per kilometer of driving during 2 weeks, and charging the third experimental group this amount per kilometer of driving during 4 weeks. With the purpose of investigating whether deliberate planning increases the effect of economic disincentives, the households in one of the former and in the latter group were asked to fill out a prospective car log for the following week. The control group was not charged or requested to fill out a prospective car log but was in other respects treated in the same way. Analyses of the car logs and odometer readings during and at the end of treatment showed a weak reduction of car use due to the economic disincentives that however were almost completely dependent on planning.     

Climate change behaviors related to purchase and use of personal cars: Development and validation of eco-socially conscious consumer behavior scale

A constantly changing environment and global warming are issues that are recognized at all global forums. One of the major reasons for global warming is the emission of greenhouse gasses which is primarily caused by use of personal cars as means of transport. This study reports on the development of an eco-socially conscious consumer behavior (ESCCB) scale specific to purchase and use of personal cars, based on samples of actual automobile customers in Pakistan. Using mixed method approaches, the results of 3 studies yield a 9-item three-dimensional scale (eco-social conservation, eco-social use, and eco-social purchase) with satisfactory reliability, construct validity and nomological validity. Second-order factor analysis revealed that eco-social purchase was the most important dimension, followed by eco-conservation and eco-social use. A test of nomological behavior shows that the scale is positively associated with a related construct: environmental concern. This study advances the literature on pro-environmental behaviors by introducing a conceptual definition of ESCCB related to personal car purchase and use, developing a measure for the ESCCB concept and validating the scale in the context of an emerging economy, Pakistan. The scale provides important insights for marketers in the automobile industry for remodelling marketing plans, as well as for environmentalists focusing on strategies to bring change in consumer behavior.     

基于混沌理论的DCOM柔性安全机制

在分析DCOM原有安全机制的基础上,结合混沌理论中混沌映射对初始条件的敏感性、具有白噪声的统计特性和混沌系列容易生成的特点,提出了一种采用混沌对称加密算法和一次性混沌口令身份认证技术的用于增强DCOM安全机制柔性的新方案,以便能灵活地适应MIS系统中对信息安全的不同需求。该方案已成功应用于分布式铁路建设物资管理系统中,其安全性、高效性和灵活可控性都得到了有效验证。     

分体式辙叉拉杆的应用

道岔护轨及辙叉部分是道岔工作的难点 ,护背距离、查照间隔即 48— 91不易控制 ,尤其是 91不易控制。岔枕由于经常改道 ,道钉眼孔扩大 ,持钉能力差而造成失效。分体式辙叉拉杆的研制 ,从根本上控制了 48—91。     

Using longitudinal methods for analysis of a short-term transportation demonstration project

This paper documents an application of panel, or longitudinal data collection in the evaluation of a TSM (Transportation Systems Management) demonstration project. The project was a four-week demonstration of staggered work hours in downtown Honolulu during February–March 1988. The 4 wave panel survey elicited commuting experiences of approximately 2,000 downtown employees at two week intervals before and during the project. The sample involved both employees who participated in the project by shifting their work hours, and those who did not. The panel survey was augmented by floating-car observations of travel times on major routes into downtown Honolulu on the same four dates.The purpose of the analysis was to determine whether employee commute times were affected, and if so, how these changes were distributed among various employee segments. Two methods were used. First, travel time changes were estimated using paired t-tests. Second, regression equations were used to estimate project time savings as a function of trip length, route, and location of residence. Results show that travel time savings due to the project were typically small, less than ten percent. Nonparticipants experienced greater savings than participants, and some segments of participants experienced longer travel times during the project. The panel method proved to be an effective way to measure project travel time impacts and shows that the method is appropriate in short time applications.Presented at the Annual Meeting of Transportation Research Board, January 7–11. 1990, Washington, D.C.     

JYXR系列舰用挠性接管研究

  目的  为了研究凯夫拉纤维增强型挠性接管（FW-FP）管体发生局部异常变形而引发管体破裂失效的问题,  方法  提出一种基于电阻检测原理的管体变形检测方法,通过传感器缠绕模型的设计,分析管体3种变形状态。运用建立的基准阈值模型,对典型的DN100挠性管体进行数值计算分析。  结果  结果表明,管体局部异常变形引起电路电流的变化量可达0.25 A,而管体正常变形引起电路电流的变化量可忽略不计。  结论  所提方法可有效识别管体上的局部异常变形,并可排除正常变形带来的信号干扰。该检测方法得到的结果可为后续评估此类挠性接管管体使用寿命提供依据。     

路堤荷载下CFG桩复合地基桩土应力比原位测试

通过对德兴至南昌高速公路填土路堤下CFG桩复合地基桩土应力比的现场原位测试试验,对不同桩距的CFG桩复合地基在路堤填筑施工期和载荷试验承栽板下的桩土应力比测试结果进行分析,探讨了桩土应力比随荷栽和时间变化的规律.结果表明:路堤荷载条件下与刚性荷载下桩土应力比的变化规律存在着差异,在路堤施工期测试的桩土应力比较刚性荷载试...     

缅甸曼德勒大桥钢梁合龙技术

缅甸曼德勒大桥结构为刚性拱柔性梁,施工时先合龙边拱后合龙中拱。根据钢梁的结构、施工条件和自然环境特点,制定科学、经济、可靠的施工技术,在不施加外力的情况下,仅通过调整三向位移实现钢梁合龙的零误差。介绍该桥钢梁合龙技术。     

桥面防水材料的应用

总结了国内外桥面防水材料的研究和应用历史,并对目前国内广泛应用的几种柔性桥面防水材料的适用条件和优缺点进行了分析。