波浪作用下新型六角块体固沙效果试验研究

采用框格结构固土的生态护岸是护岸工程的新趋势,框格固土能力是生态护岸建设成败的关键一环。介绍多宫格块体这种新型的生态护岸六角块体,并通过室内水槽试验研究块体空腔内部泥沙在波浪作用后的侵蚀深度。试验结果表明:斜坡堤上多宫格块体内部泥沙侵蚀深度符合沿堤从上到下先增后减的规律,同时泥沙侵蚀深度会随波高的增大而增大,斜坡堤不同位置以及单个块体不同部位泥沙侵蚀深度不同,改变块体空腔内填充的泥沙类型会影响侵蚀深度但不影响斜坡堤上侵蚀的整体规律。相比于框格栅栏板,多宫格块体具有更好的固沙效果,可以为植物护岸提供良好的生长环境。     

A multi-objective approach for Dynamic Airspace Sectorization using agent based and geometric models

A key limitation when accommodating the continuing air traffic growth is the fixed airspace structure including sector boundaries. The geometry of sectors has stayed relatively constant despite the fact that route structures and demand have changed dramatically over the past decade. Dynamic Airspace Sectorization is a concept where the airspace is redesigned dynamically to accommodate changing traffic demands. Various methods have been proposed to dynamically partition the airspace to accommodate the traffic growth while satisfying other sector constraints and efficiency metrics. However, these approaches suffer from several operational drawbacks, and their computational complexity increases fast as the airspace size and traffic volume increase. In this paper, we evaluate and identify the gaps in existing 3D sectorization methods, and propose an improved Agent Based Model (iABM) to address these gaps. We also propose three additional models using KD-Tree, Bisection and Voronoi Diagrams in 3D, to partition the airspace to satisfy the convexity constraint and reduce computational cost. We then augment these methods with a multi-objective optimization approach that uses four objectives: minimizing the variance of controller workload across the sectors, maximizing the average sector flight time, and minimizing the distance between sector boundaries and the traffic flow crossing points. Experimental results show that iABM has the best performance on workload balancing, but it is restrictive when it comes to the convexity constraint. Bisection- and Voronoi Diagram-based models perform worse than iABM on workload balancing but better on average sector flight time, and they can satisfy the convexity constraint. The KD-tree-based model has a lower computational cost, but with a poor performance on the given objectives.     

复杂大气环境下的飞行研究

飞机在海面上空飞行时比在陆地上空更容易受到大气环境的影响,文中针对海洋上空的大气环境,建立了风和大气紊流的工程化模型,研究了飞机在变化风场中飞行时,受到风水平加速度和垂直加速度影响后的响应情况,同时分析了大气紊流对飞行的影响,提出了一些抑制阵风扰动的控制方法.     

圆环联锁型生态护岸结构稳定性试验研究

现有生态护岸以稳定性为主，考虑生态性较少。为改善岸坡的生态性，提出一种圆环联锁型生态护岸结构。为探究该生态护岸结构在建设初期(无植被时)的稳定性及防护效果，通过动床实验对比不同防护措施下岸坡的稳定性，并研究流速对护岸结构稳定性及防护效果的影响。研究结果表明：1)圆环联锁型生态护岸结构可有效减少岸坡冲刷面积和冲刷深度，增强岸坡稳定性；2)其失稳形式有2种，分别为因坡脚变形而下滑失稳和因岸坡淘刷而下陷失稳；3)其冲刷面积和最大冲刷深度随流速增大而增大，二者的增率随流速增加而减小。