Initial results from long-term measurements of atmospheric humidity and related parameters in the marine boundary layer at two locations in the Gulf of Mexico

Measurements of boundary layer moisture have been acquired from Rotronic MP-100 sensors deployed on two NDBC buoys in the northern Gulf of Mexico from June through November 1993. For one sensor, which was retrieved approximately 8 months after deployment, the post- and precalibrations agreed closely and fell well within WMO specifications for accuracy. The second sensor operated continuously from June 1993 to February 1997 (3.5 years). Buoy observations of relative humidity and supporting data were used to calculate specific humidity and the surface fluxes of latent and sensible heat. Specific humidities from the buoys were compared with observations of moisture obtained from nearby ship reports, and the correlations were generally high (0.7–0.9). Surface gravity wave spectra were also acquired. The time series of specific humidity and the other buoy parameters revealed three primary scales of variability, small (h), synoptic (days), and seasonal (months). The synoptic variability was clearly dominant and occurred primarily during September, October, and November. Most of the synoptic variability was due to frontal systems that dropped down into the Gulf of Mexico from the continental US followed by air masses which were cold and dry. Cross-correlation analyses of the buoy data indicated that: (1) the moisture field was highly coherent over distances of 800 km or more in the northern Gulf of Mexico; and (2) both specific humidity and air temperature served as tracers of the motion associated with propagating atmospheric disturbances. These correlation analyses also revealed that the prevailing weather systems generally entered the buoy domain from the South prior to September, but primarily from the North thereafter. Spectra of the various buoy parameters indicated strong diurnal and semidiurnal variability for barometric pressure and sea surface temperature (SST) and lesser variability for air temperature, wind speed and significant wave height. The surface fluxes of latent and sensible heat were dominated by the synoptic events which took place from September through November with the transfer of latent heat being primarily from the ocean to the atmosphere. Finally, an analysis of the surface wave observations from each buoy, which included calculations of wave age and estimates of surface roughness, indicate that major heat and moisture flux events coincide with periods of active wave growth, although the data were insufficient to identify any causal relationships.     

高耐久性大管桩混凝土配制技术与应用

为了提高大管桩混凝土的耐久性,开展高耐久性大管桩混凝土配制技术试验研究与应用。在传统大管桩混凝土配合比的基础上,采用矿渣粉改善混凝土的性能,通过复掺矿渣粉与硬石膏保证大管桩混凝土的脱模强度,对各配合比的混凝土进行维勃稠度、抗压强度、电通量和扩散系数试验,并采用室内试验确定的混凝土配合比进行生产应用。结果表明,单掺矿渣粉明显改善了大管桩混凝土耐久性,但会导致大管桩脱模强度降低;采用石膏粉和矿渣粉复合可明显提升大管桩混凝土脱模强度,并具有良好的耐久性。采用高耐久性大管桩混凝土配合比生产的大管桩管节外观质量良好,混凝土抗压强度等级达到C70,电通量小于800 C,具有较高的耐久性。     

硫酸盐干湿循环环境对高性能混凝土性能影响

通过开展硫酸盐干湿循环侵蚀环境对五种强度高性能混凝土的侵蚀试验,以抗压强度、电通量、硫酸根离子浓度为相关测试指标,测试经过不同干湿循环次数后混凝土指标的变化情况,研究硫酸盐干湿循环对高性能混凝土的侵蚀特性,提出增强混凝土耐久性的合理建议与措施。     

未知负载和转子电阻的交流感应电机自适应控制

基于自适应观测控制器设计了三相交流感应电机调速系统,该控制器在未知电机转子电阻和负载及不需要测量磁链情况下,可同时且不受限制地单独控制电机转速(转矩)和磁链.控制器只测量转速、电压和电流信号自适应估计磁链和未知参数.用该控制方法设计了两相坐标轴磁场定向电机模型,系统不存在非线性,因此适合离散化和DSP系统的数字实现.     

异步电机磁链观测技术的研究

本文针对异步电机矢量控制的磁链观测技术进行了分析,给出了几种磁链观测的方法,并进行比较.实验结果证明其有效性.     

BTM辐射模式估计研究

在“轨道交通控制与安全”国家重点实验室应答器分析测试平台的基础上,参照UnisigSubset085规范,对测试应答器传输模块的辐射模式估计进行了xml语言规范描述,并基于Labwindows／CVI虚拟仪器开发环境,对测试系统中辐射模式估计功能进行实现,对模块的性能作出正确的评价有重要的指导意义。     

两种生产工艺机制砂掺配对混凝土性能的影响

本文针对湿法制砂得到的水洗砂和干法制砂得到的风吸砂掺配比例问题,分析了水洗砂和风吸砂的差异,研究了不同生产工艺机制砂掺配比例对铁路工程泵送混凝土工作性能、抗压强度、电通量和碳化性能的影响.结果表明:两种机制砂级配和压碎值相近,风吸砂略粗,石粉含量较低,水洗砂较干净,需水量比较低;随着水洗砂掺配比例的提高,混凝土减水剂掺...     

横向磁场直线开关磁阻电机换相位置的间接检测方法

针对横向磁场直线开关磁阻电机(TFLSRM)的结构,利用各相绕组磁链在磁极中随位置不同而产生的差异,提出了一种TFLSRM换相位置间接检测方法。该方法只需在初级边附加一套具有独立磁路的三相检测绕组,即可获得各相换相位置参考点,并能克服电机启动前各检测绕组磁链恒定不变而无法确定上升区与下降区的不足。结果表明,所提方法可方便地实现对TFLSRM换相位置的检测。     

直线感应电动机直接推力控制及其仿真

介绍了一种与旋转电机模型类似的单边直线感应电动机动态模型,该模型考虑了边端效应对电机参数及性能的影响,这对于习惯使用经典旋转电动机模型的工程技术人员而言是极其方便的。基于该模型,推导出了直接推力控制的磁链观测单元,并在此基础上建立了直接推力控制直线感应电机传动系统的Matlab/Simulink仿真,进行了初步的应用分析。仿真结果与分析结论初步表明该系统在直线感应电动机控制中的可行性及鲁棒性。