船舶直升机平台泡沫灭火装置设计

目前,大中型军用、民用(主要是公务船)船舶已普遍搭载直升机,迅速有效地扑灭直升机平台因飞行器事故或航油泄露引起的火灾至关重要。水成膜泡沫灭剂扑灭油类火灾的作用优于蛋白泡沫和氟蛋白泡沫。正压式水成膜泡沫比例混合系统是舰船直升机平台消防灭火较为合适的选择形式。     

自升式平台桩靴结构优化设计

结合有限单元法和尺寸优化理论,对某自升式海洋平台的桩靴结构进行了设计与优化。根据桩靴设计要求确定各部件尺寸和相应材料参数,以此建立桩靴的有限元模型。针对CCS对桩靴提出的工况依次进行分析计算,获得各工况下应力与位移的分布特征和土壤作用力在结构中的传递路径。然后进行板厚尺寸的优化。计算结果表明,桩靴在偏心工况且偏心角度为60°时应力达到最大,且土壤流失可能性最高;尺寸优化后,桩靴的质量明显减少,应力分布更加均匀,材料利用率得到有效提高。     

A three-stage least squares approach to the analysis of airline strategies for aircraft size and airline frequency on the north Atlantic: an airline case study

In response to increasing demand, airlines may increase capacity by increasing the frequency of flights or they may choose to increase aircraft size. This may yield operating cost economies. If the airports they operate from are capacity constrained, they will be limited in the extent that they can change frequency which will limit their ability to compete with the number of frequencies offered. This article focuses on this trade-off and pays particular attention to the practices of a specific airline. Conclusions are offered on the impact of inter alia competition, changes in aircraft technology, 9/11 and the impact of slot constraints. It appears that changes in size are more important than frequency, which is consistent with the presence of slot constraints and there is a significant impact of competition. As the concentration of carriers increases, so aircraft size falls. 9/11 also has a significant impact on traffic whereas the introduction of the Boeing 777, as an illustration of a change in technology, does not.     

尺寸效应对节理化岩体硐室开挖稳定性的影响分析

为了研究不同开挖尺寸和围岩节理组倾角对隧道开挖变形稳定的影响,应用UDEC程序,通过一些假设,设定计算域内包含有水平垂直节理组(0°-90°)和倾斜节理组(45°-135°)2种计算情况,对硐室不同开挖尺寸下围岩的变形稳定情况进行数值模拟。结果表明:1)水平垂直节理组岩体中围岩变形随硐室开挖尺寸增大先缓慢增加,后呈指数形式急剧增加且失稳,围岩失稳表现为贯穿地表的拱部上方岩体整体塌落;2)倾斜节理组岩体中围岩变形随硐室开挖尺寸增大先缓慢增加,后急剧增大且失稳,围岩失稳表现为拱部围岩局部塌落;3)倾斜节理组岩体中硐室开挖后变形比相应水平垂直节理组的要大。     

一种箱式结构清扫臂的尺寸优化及轨迹规划

为克服工作空间受限的箱式结构不易清扫的问题,以实验室现有的气箱为清扫对象,设计了一种箱式结构清扫臂,并依据优化设计的思想,以箱式结构清扫臂的工作空间最小为优化目标,确定了基杆的最优长度和基杆与箱体壁的最优夹角;同理,在各臂转到同一条线上时,以清扫臂对各个关节的转动惯量最小为优化目标,得出各臂的最优臂长;最后,根据箱体的尺寸和结构规划了一条清扫路径,并基于路径各个部分的特点分别在关节空间和笛卡尔空间进行了轨迹规划,最终导出整条轨迹的运动学方程,以此进行运动学验证和仿真.     

测量技术在钢制导管架尺寸控制中的应用

结合钢制导管架建造的特点,重点总结和介绍了海洋钢制平台导管架建造阶段所使用的测量技术及其精度控制中应该注意的事项,以期达到相互学习和交流的目的。     

一种新型小型单轨游览车牵引悬挂装置

随着跨座式单轨火车的发展,部分小型单轨高架游览车车厢较小,车厢重量较轻,采用的单节车厢设置一个转向架的结构,现有的单轨车牵引悬挂系统不适用于此类结构,故本文基于该状况,设计开发一种新型小型单轨游览车牵引悬挂装置。     

枢纽下游河床冲刷深度估算方法

根据沙量守恒原理,从宏观上建立了清水冲刷深度估算公式。公式涉及到床沙可悬百分数;推移质单宽率输沙量及其变化过程;冲刷过程中水流条件的变化;粗化层厚度及其级配等疑难问题。通过水槽试验和理论分析给出了这些问题的计算关系式,获得了冲刷深度估算方法。经试验资料检验,精度良好。     

The Size Effects on Process Design of Micro Deep Drawing

This paper suggested to reformulate cylindrical deep drawing parameters with dimensionless form. A diagram, in which a feasible zone is drawn to bound both the maximal allowable tension and compression stress during the deep drawing process, was established. Since it is presented in a dimensionless form, it may be applied for both conventional and micro deep drawing. Cylindrical cup deep drawing was taken as an example to show the dimensionless process design method. In addition, the size effects should be taken into account. Two kinds of size effects on micro deep drawing were investigated, which can be explained by surface layer model and strain gradient model. Numerical simulations were carried out to compare the strain distribution with or without consideration of size effect.     

天津地区标准贯入试验在液化判别中的简化应用

在采用标准贯入试验法进行粉土及砂土的液化判别过程中,根据天津地区实际地质及规范规定的条件下,可以最不利条件确定不同深度处的液化判定标贯击数临界值,然后在外业施工过程中,根据实测标贯击数大于最不利条件下的临界标贯击数时,可直接判定该标贯点粉土或砂土不液化,而不需取扰动土样进行室内颗粒分析试验,这样既满足规范的判定要求,减少室内试验的工作量,同时又能节约勘察成本,是值得采用的一种方法。