形式美在汽车灯具产品设计中的应用

汽车灯具产品的设计已从对功能的需求扩展到对美的追求,因而懂得美学已成为产品设计者的一项基本要求。本文简述审美及形式美的概念,列举一些形式美的常见形式,论述形式美在汽车灯具产品设计中的应用和具体表现。     

8米后置客车行驶左右摇晃原因探讨

针对某6820型后置旅行客车行驶过程中出现的车身摇晃现象，设计人员简要地从悬架系统的配置及布置方式对故障产生原因进行了分析与探讨。     

散货船底边舱下折角疲劳细节分析研究

本文基于HCSR规范中的疲劳强度计算评估方法,通过NK PrimeShip-HULL 4.3.0有限元分析软件建立某61000t散货船的三舱段有限元模型并细化其底边舱下折角,对散货船2,3舱底边舱下折角疲劳进行分析计算,对比分析CH2疲劳寿命相比较CH3更严厉的原因所在。对于散货船底边舱下折角设计及其疲劳强度校核有一定的参考作用。     

A topological route choice model for metro

This article presents a route choice model for public transit networks that incorporates variables related to network topology, complementing those found in traditional models based on service levels (travel time, cost, transfers, etc.) and users’ socioeconomic and demographic characteristics (income level, trip purpose, etc.). The topological variables represent concepts such as the directness of the chosen route and user knowledge of the network. For both of these factors, the necessary data is endogenous to the modelling process and can be quantified without the need for information-gathering beyond what is normally required for building route choice models. Other novel variables in the proposed formulation capture notions of user comfort such as vehicle occupancy rates and certain physical characteristics of network stations. We conclude that these new variables significantly improve the explanatory and predictive ability of existing route choice specifications.     

FSA在青岛港港口水域通航安全评估中的应用

在规范化安全评估(FSA)的框架下,本文利用模糊数学理论对船舶在港口水域中的通航安全进行了科学有效的评估,评估结果能够很好地反映船舶在港口水域航行的安全状况。这对减少船舶事故、促进港口通航效率都具有十分重要的意义。     

浅析2013版建设工程工程量清单计价计量规范的变化和特点

在工程建设中,为全过程控制工程造价,2012年12月25日发布的2013版《建设工程工程量清单计价规范》和各专业工程量计算规范,制定了一序列管理条文,建立起从招投标到竣工结算的工程造价全过程管理机制.为便于新计价、计量规范的贯彻执行,此文将2013版规范与2003版规范和2008版规范进行对比分析,进一步介绍2013版规范修改、完善和增加的内容及特点.推动2013版规范在建设工程中的应用.     

重载交通沥青路面设计指标研究

重载交通地区车辆超载严重，路面质量下降迅速，严重影响了车辆的行驶速度和运行安全。沥青路面结构设计重点考虑沥青面层的疲劳开裂、半刚性基层的开裂和车辙三个方面的临界破坏情况。采用ANSYS有限元软件进行路面结构力学响应分析和常用沥青路面结构应力应变分析。     

The role of transportation sectors in the Korean national economy: An input-output analysis

The transportation industry has been playing an important role in the economic development of Korea and, thus, has become a critical factor in sustaining the well-being of the Korean people. This paper attempts to analyze the economic impacts of four transportation modes using input-output (I-O) analysis, with specific application to Korea. To this end, we apply the I-O models to the Korean I-O tables generated by the Bank of Korea, paying particular attention to the four transportation sectors in Korea (rail, road, water, and air transportations), considering them as exogenous, and then determining their impacts. Specifically, the production-inducing effects, supply shortage effects, sectoral price effects, forward linkage effects, and backward linkage effects of the four transportation modes are quantitatively derived over the period 2000–2010. For example, the production-inducing effect of a KRW 1.0 production or investment in transportation is larger in the petroleum and transportation equipment sectors than in other sectors. Furthermore, the rail and road transportation sectors have greater supply shortage effects than the other transportation sectors. Finally, the potential uses of the results of this analysis are presented from the perspective of policy instruments, and policy implications are discussed.     

铁路既有线桥梁换梁施工中支座处理技术

在铁路既有线桥梁换梁施工中,支座系统的处理方案关系到换梁的速度和行车的安全,以京广线汉水桥钢板梁更换施工为背景,介绍一种支座处理技术。该桥采用QZ球型钢支座替换弧形板式钢支座,新支座安装位置与原支座位置相同,但其下摆较原支座扩大并预留了钻孔空间。在钢板梁更换前,进行正式支座地脚螺栓钻孔,采用预埋钢板方式施工临时支座垫石,然后安装临时支座并更换钢板梁,保证铁路正常运营,最后进行垫石改造和正式支座的施工,待正式支座施工完成后再进行支座受力转换。实践表明,采用该技术在铁路既有线短暂的封锁时间内进行钢板梁更换是切实可行的,施工过程中确保了行车安全。     

钢桥面板顶板-纵肋连接接头的疲劳性能

对钢桥面板整体模型进行了有限元分析。结果表明,顶板横向应力在横桥向的分布表现出类似弹性支承多跨连续梁的受力特点,且顶板横向应力基本全部为弯曲应力,膜应力很小,在顶板-纵肋连接处纵肋应力远小于顶板横向应力。顶板-纵肋连接处的应力纵向和横向影响线很短,疲劳验算可不考虑同一车辆轴重间的相互影响及多车效应。增加顶板厚度可大大降低顶板的应力幅,铺装层的完整性对钢桥面板十分重要。此外,还对该类型接头的疲劳分级及现行欧洲规范Eurocode和美国规范AASHTO LRFD的相关条款进行了分析。为考虑车辆荷载通过引起的非成比例多轴疲劳效应,轮荷载滚动加载足尺模型试验和分析方法需要进一步深入研究。