现代汽车滚装码头平面布置及技术发展

根据上海港外高桥港区六期工程汽车滚装码头设计,结合国外先进汽车滚装码头平面布局的特点,对现代汽车滚装码头的总体布局和技术细节进行总结,对其未来的发展方向进行展望。结果表明：汽车滚装码头未来致力于发展商品汽车及零部件的一站式定制化全程物流服务是符合汽车厂商和汽车消费客户需求的。汽车厂商入驻港口符合市场经济发展的需要,未来汽车滚装码头的总体布局需要考虑汽车厂商入驻的需求。     

Characterizing,measuring, and managing transit service quality

Recent studies to evaluate the quality of transit service are generating a good amount of renewed interest in an old idea, the passenger's perspective; this new interest stems from recognizing that transit service quality should be characterised, measured, and managed by parameters capturing both passenger and transit operator perspectives. However, although the selected parameters are user‐oriented in their input, the output may not be as user‐oriented as considered, and the number or the percentage of passengers is often neglected. As a result, the findings are often misleading because the perspectives of transit operators dominate. Therefore, academics and practitioners must rethink their strategies of quality analysis of public transportation by stressing more on the role of passengers. These challenges are addressed in this paper with a practical, simple, and holistic framework, for Transit Quality (TRANSQUAL). This framework provides for the involvement of all stakeholders in the characterisation, measurement, and management of the stages of quality monitoring, which is jointly analyzed at different planning levels. In the characterization stage, the framework supports the selection of parameters to be monitored. The measurement stage sets and measures four quality areas in terms of percentage of passengers who expect a predefined level of service, for whom the service is designed, who receive the planned service, and who perceive the service as delivered. The management stage computes the differences between these percentages, points out criticalities, and recommends corrective actions. These stages are investigated in‐depth, integrated, and discussed in a real‐life case study. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Queue length estimation at metered freeway‐to‐freeway connectors

Freeway‐to‐freeway connector metering is a cost‐effective and proven freeway management strategy for relieving recurrent congestion. However, one of the critical challenges in design and operation of freeway‐to‐freeway connector metering is the lack of up‐to‐date queue storage length design guidance. In this study, it was found that ramp queue is dynamically related to the metering rate, on‐ramp demand, and traffic flow arrival pattern. Hence, simply using an average demand cannot provide accurate queue length estimation and is also not suitable for queue storage design where the maximum or a percentile queue length is generally used. A mesoscopic queue length simulation model was developed based on the input–output method for estimating queue lengths under various demand‐to‐capacity ratio scenarios. Simulation results indicate that for under‐saturated situations, the ramp queue may exist temporally due to the random short‐term surge of traffic arrivals, and the exponential function could best capture the relationship between queue length and demand‐to‐capacity ratio. For over‐saturated situations, the ramp queue tends to prolong linearly with the demand‐to‐capacity ratio. Based on the simulation, it was recommended that queue storage length be designed as 4.3% of on‐ramp demand when demand is lower than 1200 vph or 2.3% when demand is between 1200 and 2400 vph. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Evaluating airlines with slack‐based measures and meta‐frontiers

This study develops a new performance evaluation model, called the meta dynamic network slack‐based measure (MDN‐SBM). This model incorporates the concept of meta‐frontiers to facilitate comparisons of performance of decision making units, while at the same time it generalizes the slack‐based measure (SBM), network SBM, and dynamic SBM. This MDN‐SBM model is capable of dealing with two important special features of the transportation industry: unfavorable accidents and non‐storable goods, i.e. available seat‐kilometers that are wasting assets that lose value completely if unsold before departure. Hence, this generalized model contains higher differentiable capability than all its SBM‐related submodels in the literature. To demonstrate, 35 international airlines with two divisions (production and consumption) in three terms (one‐year time periods from 2007 to 2009) have been analyzed using meta‐performance efficiency measures (ME) for all decision making units and have also been compared by geographical area (Asia‐Pacific, N. America/Europe). The numerical example and comparison validate the proposed MDN‐SBM model and suggest the airlines should put more focus on input resources reduction for productivity improvement. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于大数据的移动互联网公共服务平台

公安交通领域已经形成日增PB级的数据,是世界上最丰富的大数据资源之一。但这些数据大部分处于睡眠状态且时效性较差。因此,本文在数据接口方面进行了重点研究,并在此基础上,构建了基于移动互联网手机APP、微信、支付宝等运营载体的公共服务平台,为公众在交通出行、交管、出入境等诸多与日常生活息息相关的公安交通业务提供一系列便捷、优质、高效的服务,让广大群众切身感受到"互联网+交通管理创新"带来的便捷。     

UV消毒新技术在节能减排背景下的发展前景

UV消毒技术近几年来迅速发展,在节能减排的背景下,UV消毒技术通过紫外灯技术的进步,设计的优化,系统的集成,以及与现代通信技术、控制技术等相结合,向可靠、节能、环保和服务专业化的方向发展。该文介绍了垂直照射模块、精确杀菌技术、低压高能和超高能汞齐灯技术、远程控制系统和专家服务系统等专业的UV消毒新技术。     

高速公路最佳运营区域划分方法研究

针对目前"一路一公司"小规模高速公路运营管理格局的弊端,研究高速公路最佳运营区域划分的量化分析方法。首先提出运营区域划分原则与各项原则的量化描述方法;通过建立相似性指标的计算方法,将运营区域划分构造成空间与属性信息的一体化聚类问题,并利用层次聚类分析,获得分区备选方案;最后通过建立方案的评价指标体系以及方案选择的多目标决策模型,获得最佳运营区域划分方案。实例分析表明,利用这一分析方法获得的最佳区域划分方案,符合实际情况,可以较全面的体现决策者的思想与预期目标。     

ETC车道数对收费站服务水平的影响仿真研究

介绍了收费站仿真模型的主要模块,讨论了仿真程序的总体框架及数据结构,介绍了关键类的主要成员变量和成员函数,在此基础上开发了ETC收费站仿真程序。选择沪宁高速公路无锡东收费站作为仿真对象,对其交通流特性做了调查和分析。利用仿真程序EISP对1条、2条和3条ETC专用车道情况下的收费站平均延误进行仿真,绘制出低、中、高三个代表性交通量下的ETC车道数对收费站整体服务水平的影响图,分析了ETC车道数和收费站通行能力之间的关系,以确定最适当的ETC车道配置数量,为ETC的实施提供依据。     

高速公路直线段最大长度合理取值研究

从车辆运行状态的角度出发,将直线段上车辆的运行分为加速行驶、匀速行驶和减速行驶3个过程,分析了车辆在不同行驶过程中的行驶时间与行驶距离,以直线段上最长行驶时间70 s作为最大直线段长度的控制条件,推导了基于运行车速的高速公路直线段最大长度计算模型。模型表明设计速度为120 km/h的高速公路直线段最大长度要比20倍设计速度小,而其他设计速度的高速公路则要视直线段相邻曲线起终点的运行车速而定。以现场实测数据为依据,建立了高速公路平曲线起终点小型车运行车速与平曲线半径的回归模型,并给出了计算实例。基于运行车速确定高速公路直线段最大长度能够较好地满足驾驶员的实际需求,提出的计算模型可为高速公路设计及安全审计提供依据。     

内蒙古高速公路服务区建筑设计初探

高速公路服务区是“构建人性化交通运输网”的重要内容。其设计是否科学、合理,直接关系到高速公路产业经济的发展和经济效益的增长。文章通过对内蒙古自治区高速公路服务区的建筑设计、规划分析,阐述了高速公路服务区的建筑设计理念,以期实现充分发挥服务区整体功能的目的。