Layout optimization of an inertial energy harvester for miniature underwater mooring platforms

Comprehensive analyses of the layout influence on power performance of a low-frequency miniature horizontal-pendulum-type inertial energy harvester for underwater mooring platforms are presented in this article. The mathematical models are obtained utilizing the Newton-Euler method. The power performance is evaluated by simulations over different parameters, such as damping, excitation frequency, and layout position. Simulation results indicate that the harvester can extract energy from low-frequency excitations over the range of 0.1 Hz–0.4 Hz, and maximum output power can reach to 0.7 W under excitation frequency f = 0.4 Hz. Different layout positions influence the energy harvesting performance of the harvester dramatically. Changing the layout position to positive value can enhance and broaden the power performance. The amplitude responses with different layout positions do not show resonant characteristics, even near the natural frequency of the harvester, due to large amplitude vibrations and strong nonlinear characteristic. As excitation frequency f = 0.4 Hz, there is a zero output power point appears at layout position d = −1.3 m. Moreover, the harnessed power has a quadratic relationship with the layout position value.     

重载货车摩擦缓冲器阻抗特性的数值模拟

为预测摩擦缓冲器的实际工作状态,从几何特征和作用原理的角度,建立详细的MT-2型缓冲器理论模型。首先,通过对缓冲器内部各摩擦元件的运动学和静力学分析,推导出缓冲器在准静态下的阻抗特性;其次,引入附加摩擦系数量化各摩擦元件之间动静态摩擦过渡时的黏滞补偿,并模拟出缓冲器在动态下的阻抗特性;最后,利用C80型货车冲击试验数据对该缓冲器的理论模型进行验证。验证结果表明:总体上,数值模拟和现场试验下的缓冲器示功曲线基本吻合,说明模型的正确性;局部上数值模拟中缓冲器从加载Ⅰ阶段过渡至加载Ⅱ阶段的突变现象在冲击试验中表现的并不明显,还有待进一步完善。     

磁力摩擦式辅助驱动在TBM连续皮带机中的应用

长大隧道TBM(tunnel boring machine)施工大多采用连续皮带机出渣,当运输距离较大时通常需要在中间增设辅助驱动,以降低胶带最大张力,从而降低胶带强度。为了提高辅助驱动的工程适应性,研发了磁力摩擦式辅助驱动系统,具有驱动力大、无二次转载、胶带无二次冲击损伤、结构简单、故障点少、结构紧凑占用空间小、安装方便和配置灵活等特点。该成果可用于采用钢丝绳芯胶带的TBM连续皮带机、支洞皮带机以及其他需要辅助驱动的胶带输送机,并在山西省中部引黄工程TBM1标段成功应用,具有广阔的推广应用价值。     

基于地基回弹因素的盾构隧道管片上浮预测

针对软弱地层盾构隧道管片脱出盾尾后出现的上浮问题,分析盾构施工过程中管片上浮的诱因,得出软弱地层中管片的上浮主要是地层应力重分布产生的地基回弹力引起的。在此基础上建立隧道开挖动态模型,分析隧道上浮量变化规律以及地层特性对管片上浮量的影响规律,得出地层弹性模量和管片上浮量呈一定的指数关系,且弹性模量对管片上浮量的影响远大于地层黏聚力和内摩擦角。通过力平衡理论计算盾构开挖引起的地层回弹力、管片上浮量以及隧道上浮影响的地层高度范围,并通过对珠江狮子洋工程管片上浮量的计算与实测对比,证明该公式的合理性,为盾构隧道工程中考虑地基抗力引起的管片上浮量预测提供一种新的方法。     

Design of tyre force excitation for tyre–road friction estimation

Knowledge of the current tyre–road friction coefficient is essential for future autonomous vehicles. The environmental conditions, and the tyre–road friction in particular, determine both the braking distance and the maximum cornering velocity and thus set the boundaries for the vehicle. Tyre–road friction is difficult to estimate during normal driving due to low levels of tyre force excitation. This problem can be solved by using active tyre force excitation. A torque is added to one or several wheels in the purpose of estimating the tyre–road friction coefficient. Active tyre force excitation provides the opportunity to design the tyre force excitation freely. This study investigates how the tyre force should be applied to minimise the error of the tyre–road friction estimate. The performance of different excitation strategies was found to be dependent on both tyre model choice and noise level. Furthermore, the advantage with using tyre models with more parameters decreased when noise was added to the force and slip ratio.     

预应力锚索抗滑桩结构在处治滑坡中的应用

文章结合鹰阳关-莲塘二级公路K54+800处滑坡采用预应力锚索结构施工实践,介绍了预应力锚索抗滑桩结构在滑坡处治中的注意事项及使用效果.     

惯性摩擦制动对铜基粒子材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

采用粉末冶金工艺制备了多组元的铜基摩擦材料,利用GF150D型摩擦试验机,分别在不同的摩擦方式和不同的摩擦条件下,探讨了材料的摩擦磨损性能.结果表明:惯性摩擦条件下,随着摩擦压力提高,磨损量增加,摩擦系数降低.且在其他摩擦条件相同时惯性摩擦条件下的摩擦系数低于定速.惯性试验湿摩擦的摩擦系数比干摩擦的摩擦系数有显著提高,摩擦顺序为高速到低速时的摩擦系数的稳定性都高于摩擦顺序为低速到高速.     

风积沙的工程力学性质试验研究

结合毛乌素沙漠沙样,对风积沙的工程力学性质进行了系统的试验研究。试验结果表明:风积沙的压实可采用常规的击实试验方法和振动密实法,压实效果受颗粒级配、含水量、荷载大小、振动频率及振幅等多种因素影响;风积沙的内摩擦角与压实度之间呈线性变化规律,颗粒级配是主要影响因素,含水量影响较小;风积沙的室内回弹模量和加州承载比与压实度之间大致呈非线性增大规律,在某一压实度区间增大的幅度非常小。     

波、流共存时的床面剪切力

利用边界层理论 ,导出了波、流共存时的床面剪切力 ,得出综合摩阻系数、综合速度和综合摩阻速度计算公式     

超声法研究SiCp增强6066Al 基复合材料的阻尼特性

利用超声法研究了粉末冶金工艺制备6066Al/SiCp复合材料的阻尼特性。实验测定了4种不同SiC体积比(5%,7%,9%,12%)试样在超声频率为1.25 MHz、2.5 MHz、5 MHz、10 MHz时的衰减系数α。结果表明:可以用吸收衰减表征该复合材料的阻尼特性;随着测试频率的增大,材料对超声的吸收和散射增强,吸收和散射衰减系数增大;在一定范围内随着SiC体积比的增大,该材料的吸收衰减系数增大,阻尼性能增强。