静电雾化技术在汽车节能降排中的应用

本文分析了燃油液滴的荷电方法，确定了使用浸润电极的强制荷电方法，设计了适当的荷电装置，在发动机稳流气流气道试验台上用SQ－Ⅱ型运动粒子瞬态激光全息测试仪对应用静电雾化技术改善雾化前后的雾场进行了对比分析，统计结果证明应用静电雾化技术可降低粒径，改善雾化均匀程度；CA6102发动机台架试验结果表明，应用静电雾化技术可以大幅度地降低发动机排放中CO、HC的含量，并可使比油耗有一定程度的降低。     

液化石油气／柴油双燃料发动机放热规律分析

利用CB366燃烧分析仪测录的液化石油气（LPG）／柴油双燃料发动机和原柴油机示功图，比较了LPG／柴油双燃料发动机和原柴油机的燃烧特性及负荷对二者的影响，分析了供油提前角、掺烧比两因素对最高燃烧压力、燃烧放热率、着火开始时刻等双燃料发动机燃烧特性的影响，得出了有关双燃料发动机燃烧特性的结论。     

润滑油在不同温度下工作对内燃机的影响

润滑油的作用就是保护内燃机免遭磨损损害，当内燃机在润滑油保护的条件下仍然受耐磨损损害，说明润滑油的的保护功能存在问题，阐述了润滑油不同粘度对内燃机的影响，分析了润滑油高，低温对内燃机损害的原因，揭示了目前改善润滑油高，低温技术存在的问题等。     

LPG/汽油双燃料发动机台架试验研究

对两种汽油机和在其基础之上改装成的LPG(液化石油气 )发动机进行了性能对比试验和理论分析。试验结果表明 ,LPG主要优点是降低了CO和HC排放。但并不是所有结构的汽油机都有同样的改善效果 ,还取决于原机结构与LPG燃料特征的适配性。     

汽油机缸内直喷的关键技术和发展现状

讨论了缸内直喷发动机的优缺点和当前对该种发动机出了要求，认为缸内直喷技术的关键是掌握和控制好混合气浓度在空间的分布和随时间的变化，其控制是在一定的喷油，点火控制策略下靠燃油射系统与缸内流场的合理匹配实现的，阐述了缸内直喷对上述两个方面提出的要求，并讨论了发动机排放及其解决方法。     

内燃机泄放失效机油存在的问题及解决方法

指出了内燃机油底壳上放油螺丝在使用中存在的问题 ,分析由此而引起的后果 ,提出了排放失效机油过程中所需达到的要求 ,介绍了内燃机机油专用放油阀门     

燃油带电荷辅助雾化的激光全息摄影研究

利用发动机点火线圈次级电压作为脉冲电源，在发动机稳流气道试验台上模拟１７５单缸机的进气，用ＹＳＣ－１型运动粒子瞬态激光全息测试仪折摄了燃油油滴带电雾化和不带电雾化的粒子全息图，经再现后得到实际的粒子图，编制了专用软件进行粒子图像处理和粒径统计分布，统计结果证明燃油油滴带电后粒子粒径约减少了３／４倍左右，改善了雾化效果。     

循环式燃油系统故障仿真及特征分析

介绍了一种船舶柴油机用循环式燃油系统的结构特点,详细分析了这种燃油系统的燃油压力波形特征。对该不同燃油粘度、不同燃油比重和１２种典型故障下的燃油喷射过程进行了计算机仿真计算和特征参数的相对偏差分析,揭示了各种故障的燃油压力波形特征及与系统故障的内在联系,分析了各特征参数对不同故障的敏感特性。     

Fatigue damage calculation for oil tanker and container ship structures

The fatigue behaviour of longitudinal stiffeners of oil tankers and container ships, subjected to dynamic loads, is analysed. The following dynamic load components are considered: hull girder vertical wave bending moment, alone and combined with the horizontal wave bending moment, hydrodynamic pressure and inertial forces caused by cargo acceleration.

The spectral method was selected to calculate the fatigue damage, based on S—N curves and Miner's rule. Following this approach, the fatigue damage may be calculated as a function of a stress parameter Ω_p, which represents the cumulative effect of wave induced loads in the unit of time and incorporates the combined effects of stress level and its occurring frequency.

Simple formulas for Ω_p of oil tankers and container ships are given, obtained from the results of hydrodynamic analyses performed on several ships, in different wave environments.

Several examples show the applicability of the methods to real ship structures. The method, however, still needs to be calibrated because of the simplifying hypotheses introduced in the loading conditions.     

A study of the environmental impacts of intelligent automated vehicle control at intersections via V2V and V2I communications

This article presents a novel intersection traffic management system for automated vehicles and quantifies its impact on fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of CO₂ relative to traditional traffic signal and roundabout intersection control. The developed intelligent traffic management (ITM) techniques, which are based on a spatiotemporal reservation scheme, ensure that vehicles proceed through the intersection without colliding with other vehicles while at the same time reducing the intersection delay and environmental impacts. Specifically, the spatiotemporal reservation scheme provides each vehicle a collision-free path that is decomposed into a speed profile along with navigational instructions. The integration of the developed microscopic traffic simulator with instantaneous emission model, provides improved assessments of the environmental impact of traffic control strategies at intersections. The simulator architecture integrates several ITM algorithms, vehicle sensors, V2V/V2I communications, and emission and fuel consumption models. Each vehicle is modeled by an agent and each agent provides information depending on the specific vehicle sensors. The ITM system is supported by V2V and V2I communications, allowing the exchange of information among vehicles and infrastructure. The data include the estimated vehicle position and speed. Compared with traditional traffic management techniques, the simulation results prove that the proposed ITM system reduces CO₂ emissions significantly. The research also shows that these reductions are more significant when the traffic flow increases.