Consensus Building in Oil Spill Response Planning Using a Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation

Major accidental oil spills still affect ecologically and economically sensitive marine areas and shorelines, even though environmental programs and policies have led to an increase of ship safety measures. The aim of decision making during oil spill response management is to minimize pollution effects on coastal areas, once spills occur. However, limited equipments or options prevent such a globally satisfying combat strategy. Thus, often preferences between different coastal areas or uses, respectively, have to be made in an operational way. Such a management issue is here taken as a multigroup multicriteria decision-making problem involving a variety of stakeholders and natural dynamic environments. For solving such a complex problem, this article proposes a second order fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) model, which takes the influence of multiple criteria and the knowledge of different interested groups into account and further provides a basis for simulating a voting-based decision process. With the combination of oil fate simulations and FCE technique, managers are able to realize an integrated management for oil spill. Through a case study of the Prestige accident off the Spanish coast in 2002, it is demonstrated that the model provides a simple, effective and adaptable method to solve operational management problems related to complex human nature interactions as realized during oil spill management. Moreover, a series of analyses and comparisons are focused on to explore potentials and limitations of the FCE for further applications in the field of multigroup multicriteria decision making.     

路堑环境协调性评价指标体系与评价方法

为了评价路堑与环境的协调性,构建了路堑协调性评价指标体系。由视觉环境协调、生态环境协调、交通环境协调构成了准则层,线形等8项内容构成子准则层,公路线形与地形的协调程度等22个指标构成指标层,利用层次分析法给出了各级指标的权重,利用多级模糊综合评价获得了路堑协调性评价的结果,并给出了基于层次分析法的多级模糊综合评价方法算例。     

Applications of intuitionistic fuzzy set aggregation operators in transport multi-factor project evaluation

Abstract

An intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) is a generalisation of a fuzzy set characterised by a truth membership function and a false membership function. The former is a lower bound on the grade of membership of the evidence in favour of a particular element belonging to the set and the latter is a lower bound on the negation of that element belonging to the set derived from evidence against that element belonging to the set. A similar concept is a vague set, though vague sets have been shown to be identical to IFSs. In the context of project evaluation, an IFS may be used to represent the degree to which a project satisfies a criterion and the degree to which it does not. Aggregation of such IFSs has been considered in recent years to identify a best project in terms of several criteria or factors. A particular desirable way to aggregate IFS is in terms of an ordered weighted average (OWA) which can be expressed in different forms such as arithmetic and geometric. In an OWA operator, weights are applied to the position of an element in the aggregation. In addition, hybrid OWA operators may be developed to not only weight the position of elements in the aggregation but the element itself. An example is given relating to the Kuranda Range Road upgrade (Queensland, Australia) which is limited by grade, poor overtaking opportunities, poor horizontal alignment and other constraints and the road is expected to become increasingly congested over the next few years. A more flexible multi-factor decision method is used to identify a ‘best’ project from a set of four alternative projects.     

模糊评价法在铁路运营隧道安全状态综合评判中的应用

影响铁路运营隧道安全性的因素众多。该文从铁路运营隧道安全性研究的需要出发,构建评价指标体系。在对铁路运营隧道安全性的主要因素分析基础上,通过相应指标的主要参数划分等级,提出定性和定量结合的多指标、多参数运营隧道安全性评定模型和方法。在评价因素选取、权重分配方面对各种因素给予考虑。并根据隶属函数的性质确定了综合评判矩阵的计算方法。该模糊综合评价模型与我国既有隧道安全性评价方法相比,更能反映铁路运营隧道的实际情况,具有良好的可靠性和准确性。     

AHP多层次模糊法在轨道交通站点布设评价中的应用

在轨道建设初期其站点合理的布设尤为重要,本文在考虑多方面因素后建立了轨道交通站点布设综合评价指标体系,运用层次分析法（AHP）来确定各评价指标的权重,并依据基于AHP多层次模糊综合评价法计算各备选站点得分,来全面、高效地评判各站点布设的优劣,从而在各备选站点中选出最为合理的进行布设或对现有的站点进行影响评价分析.     

基于拟T-S模糊模型的网络化控制系统的卡尔曼滤波器设计

以所构建的综合考虑网络化控制系统时延和丢包问题的拟T-S模糊模型为基础,针对控制系统受噪声干扰的情况,设计相应的卡尔曼滤波器.详细给出模糊卡尔曼滤波器的设计步骤和递推算法,通过数字仿真实验,说明该滤波器具有很好的抑制噪声能力.     

基于可拓模糊的建筑企业安全生产能力评价

结合目前存在的安全评价方法,以《施工企业安全生产评价标准》(JGJ/T77-2003)为指标准则,将可拓模糊理论引入安全评价问题中,运用关联函数和隶属度精确地划分建筑企业及各评价指标的安全等级情况,描述了基于可拓模糊模型的建筑企业安全生产能力评价的计算过程,案例研究证实模型的有效性.     

基于模糊评价的常规公交换乘效率评价分析

针对城市常规公交换乘建立换乘效率评价指标体系。利用模糊数学理论,把模糊综合评价方法应用到城市常规公交换乘效率评价研究中。给出一个具有代表性的公交换乘效率评价案例,用层次分析法确定各指标权重,用插值法计算隶属度矩阵,结合最终评价结果分析影响常规公交换乘效率高低的原因,并提出改善意见。     

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针对多源交通信息具有模糊性和时变性的特点,引入直觉模糊集理论(IFS),建立多源交通信息一致性融合算法,融合传感器检测信息与人工信息对交通状态进行实时判别.为了解决IFS中非隶属度函数难以确定的问题,借鉴隶属度函数的构造方法,通过建立双隶属度函数构造直觉模糊数.并以直觉模糊数中的隶属度、非隶属度建立支持度函数,量化决策信息的一致性程度,决策信息的支持度越高集成权重越大,并且权值随决策信息的变化而动态更新.最后给出交通状态决策信息融合算法的具体步骤,并通过算例证明算法是有效的.     

道路线形安全评估的模糊评价方法探析

通过对道路线形提出了一些评价指标,选取了一条典型道路—淮安市黄河路进行线形的安全性评价。在分析了道路线形的各要素对交通安全影响的基础上,建立了一套评判道路线形安全性的综合评价体系,并利用模糊综合评价的方法建立评价模型,对黄河路段的线形安全性做出评价。最后根据评价的结果,发现黄河路段存在的线形问题,并对其进行改进和优化设计。