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51.
In this study, the performance of the horizontal large eddy simulation module, developed at the University of Leuven (HLES-KULeuven module) is assessed. A comparison between different subgrid scale models has been carried out. The study is concerned with the non-rotating and unstratified flows. The results of the simulation for an oscillatory backward facing (BFS) flow are presented in case of an expanding flume based on a one-length scale approach and a two-length scale approach. Three subgrid scale (SGS) models have been tested: Smagorinsky SGS model (Smagorinsky, J., (1963). General circulation experiments with the primitive equations, I. the basic experiments. Monthly Weather Review, 91(3), 99–164), Uittenbogaard SGS model (Uittenbogaard, R.E., and van Vossen, B., (2004). Subgrid-scale model for quasi-2D turbulence in shallow water. Shallow Flows. Jirka and Uijttewaal (Eds.), Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 90 5809 700 5) and a proposed two-length scale approach. The first two models are considered to be a one-length scale models. A simulation without a subgrid scale model for the horizontal mixing has also been conducted. In all simulations, a quadratic friction model parameterizes the dissipation produced by the 3D-subdepth scale turbulence. The two-length scale concept uses a newly mixing length formulation for the quasi-2D turbulence and doesn't depend on the filter width in contrast to the one-length scale approach, in which the mixing length is function of the filter width. The outputs of the HLES-KULeuven module have been compared with the experimental data taken from Stelling, G.S., and Wang, L.X., (1984). Experiments and computations on separating flow in an expanding flume. Dept. Civil Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Report 2–84.). The two-length scale approach has been validated with experimental data from SERC Flood Channel Facility at HR Wallingford. In general, there is a qualitative agreement with the experimental data. It has also been found that the two-length scale approach produces more elongated and less isotropic vortex than the one-length scale models. 相似文献
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提出一种实时遗传算法优化配时控制方法,对单交叉路口多相位交通流建立一种实时动态模型,根据不同时刻的不同车流量,选择最优相位配时和相位顺序,通过对本周期及前一周期的车流量进行实时测量,采用线性预估方法,对下一周期的车流量进行预估,以最大通行能力为路口模型控制性能指标,从而确定下一周期的相位配时方案。最后在原模型的基础上作为改进模型的例子融入了延误时间,得到了新的目标函数。采用C语言编程进行实时仿真试验,结果表明,算法实时性好,运行稳定。 相似文献
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In this paper we suggest a methodology to predict commodity specific transportation flows that brings together data in value and in quantity terms in a consistent way. The approach is based on the modern gravity formulation. There are three driving forces of the transport flows dynamics: economic growth, the ongoing globalization (reduction of trade barriers), and the changing commodity composition of trade, whereby the evolution of value-to-weight ratios is explicitly taken into account. The methodology is applied to forecast the interregional trade flows in Europe. 相似文献
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对已建成的长距离输气管道,可通过增设压气站的方法来增加管道的输量,随着压气站数的增加,管道的输量增大,管道的经济效益增加,但当输量增大到一定值时,管道的经济效益要降低,因此,长距离输气管道存在着一个使管道的经济效益最大的最优输量。以内部收益率为评价指标,分别计算各个方案的内部收益率,作出内部收益率与管道输量的关系曲线,内部收益率最大的方案所对应的输量就是长距离输气管道的最优输量。最后以一条输气管道为例进行了实例计算。 相似文献
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利用混沌搜索全局最优的交通流控制优化模型 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
运用交通流控制理论建立了在交叉口空间渠化及信号相位相序给定的条件下,考虑机动车与非机动车的延误(服务水平)约束条件,机动车通行能力最大的优化模型,并利用混沌变量的内在特性,与梯度法相结合进行全局性的搜索.通过优化实例计算,说明了优化模型及其混合算法的理论价值及实用价值. 相似文献