Dynamic activity-travel assignment in multi-state supernetworks

The integration of activity-based modeling and dynamic traffic assignment for travel demand analysis has recently attracted ever-increasing attention. However, related studies have limitations either on the integration structure or the number of choice facets being captured. This paper proposes a formulation of dynamic activity-travel assignment (DATA) in the framework of multi-state supernetworks, in which any path through a personalized supernetwork represents a particular activity-travel pattern (ATP) at a high level of spatial and temporal detail. DATA is formulated as a discrete-time dynamic user equilibrium (DUE) problem, which is reformulated as an equivalent variational inequality (VI) problem. A generalized dynamic link disutility function is established with the accommodation of different characteristics of the links in the supernetworks. Flow constraints and non-uniqueness of equilibria are also investigated. In the proposed formulation, the choices of departure time, route, mode, activity sequence, activity and parking location are all unified into one time-dependent ATP choice. As a result, the interdependences among all these choice facets can be readily captured. A solution algorithm based on the route-swapping mechanism is adopted to find the user equilibrium. A numerical example with simulated scenarios is provided to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed approach.     

Research on the pipeline walking caused by cyclic increasing soil friction for free deep-sea submarine pipelines laid on even seabed

Pipelines are important to offshore oil and gas development, but suffers from the pipeline walking phenomenon due to cyclic temperature variations—where large axial walking distances threaten the safety of pipeline systems. Current research indicates that pipeline walking is triggered by steel catenary riser (SCR) tension, seabed slopes, or thermal transients. This paper proposes a new driving mechanism for the pipeline walking phenomenon, involving cyclic hardening soil strength. The finite element analysis method was adopted to analyse the soil friction difference induced walking phenomenon, and the influence of key parameters on the gain in soil friction on walking distance was studied. Pipeline walking distances under different drainage conditions in the heating and cooling processes were also calculated, and the impact of the degree of drainage in the heating process was determined. To better understand the new pipeline walking mechanism, theoretical analysis of the walking behaviour under different cyclic soil friction conditions was carried out. Analytical solutions for estimating the pipeline walking distance were also provided, based on the simplified theoretical analysis.     

基于自注意力机制与图自编码器的路网交通流数据修复模型

针对城市交通流数据修复问题，提出一种基于图卷积网络和多头自注意力机制的自注意 力图自编码器模型。该模型包括基于拓扑图结构和图信号捕获交通流时空关联性的 STGCN (Spatial-temporal Graph Convolutional Networks)网络。在该网络中使用 LSTM(Long Short-Term Memory)网络学习数据中时序规律，通过注意力网络计算道路自注意力及一阶临近道路注意力系 数，用图卷积网络对图信号重组，达到对缺失数据的精确修复。同时，采用多头自注意力网络计 算数据的注意力权值并对数据重组，捕获交通流数据中的二阶及高阶临近道路空间关联性，提取 已知数据与缺失数据的时间关系，以残差链的形式加入到模型中，作为对STGCN功能的补充。 基于真实数据的实验表明，在多种缺失模式和缺失率下，该模型能够学习路网拓扑关系，捕获数 据中的时间规律性和时空关联性，有效地修复缺失数据。     

基于轻量化网络和注意力机制的智能车快速目标识别方法

为提高智能车在真实环境中的实时检测能力，改善复杂环境下检测效果不佳的问题，本文提出一种基于轻量化网络和注意力机制的智能车快速目标识别方法。首先，为了减少网络计算参数和提升目标识别算法的推理速度，提出利用GhostNet加速YOLOv4的特征提取；其次，为了提高复杂场景下对道路目标的识别精度，在GhostNet和特征金字塔部分添加结合软阈值化改进的注意力模块；最后，为了验证本文提出方法的有效性，选取Pascal VOC、KITTI公开数据集和自制城市道路数据集进行实验对比。与其他目标检测算法在精度和速度上进行比较，结果证明，本文方法在平均检测精度提升1.7%的情况下，模型参数量降低到原来的18.7%，检测速度提升了 66%，检测速度和精度均优于其他算法，可满足智能车的实时感知需求。     

钻孔法测试残余应力基础理论研究

论述了传统钻孔法测试残余应力中存在的不完善之处。并对中心有一圆孔(包括穿孔与盲孔)的钢板,在各种载荷工况下,根据实际应力场与直角应变花测试的实际情况,用弹塑性FEM算得各种工况下的结点应变值,用结点数值的变化来模拟直角应变花测得数据,并计算出大量的已知应力场的直角应变花的三个释放应变。通过逐步回归的数学处理方法,建立了钻孔测试法中,残余应力与测试应变之间的关系式。     

基于UML网上选课系统的研究

本文采用统一建模语言(UML)对网上选课系统进行分析与设计,并提出了B/S三层结构体系的设计方案,并简单介绍了该系统的设计思想和功能模块。     

RV传动太阳轮浮动位移量的计算

讨论了高精度ＲＶ传动输出机构因构件杆长偏差和铰链运行副间隙而使与渐开线行星齿轮相固联的３个曲柄不能保持平行的状态下，太阳轮中心产生浮动位移的大小和方向的计算模型。在这一位移状态下，太阳轮的３个啮合法向力趋于自相平衡，提出了３个啮合作用力的分布系数的计算方法，给出了数值计算例证。     

厚壁球壳的杂交／混合有限元分析

本文对８一节点四边形轴对称杂交／混合元ＡＸＨＭ１６进行了系列考核：（１）考查ＡＸＨＭ１６是否含有零能变形模式，以查明它的含秩状况；（２）通过受内压作用的厚壁球壳考题，观察ＡＸＨＭ１６的转轴不变性和其它性能表现。事实表明：ＡＸＨＭ１６满足单元合理足秩的必要条件和充分条件，不含零能变形模式，单刚合足秩。数值考核表明：ＡＸＨＭ１６具有很好的位移精度和应力精度，对坐标转轴的敏感程度并不明显，且在近乎相同的     

非对称径向挤压力的分析

本文建立了非对称径向挤压时金属流动的三维空间模型,采用主应力法与上限法联合求解,得出了挤压力的计算公式,其计算值与实测值误差低于16%.     

关于SiO_2-B_2O_3-Al_2O_3-MgO-K20-F系可加工玻璃陶瓷的研究

研究了化学成分、热处理工艺等因素对SiO_2-B_2O_3-Al_2O_3-MgO-K_2O-F系可加工玻璃陶瓷的组织和性能的影响。改变化学成分可影响玻化及结晶过程。结果表明,降低MgO、Al_2O_3的含量,可降低玻化温度;Al_2O_3强烈抑制失透;F对玻化过程的影响不大,但在晶化过程中起形核剂的作用。在结晶处理过程中,随着核化温度的升高,核化时同的延长,晶体的形核率增高,晶体的体积百分数增大。晶体的体积百分数越高,纵横比越大,玻璃陶瓷的可加工性越好。