基于NFFD 算法的船体几何变形技术

本文以非均匀有理B样条基函数作为参数体属性,并结合非均匀控制点网格,建立了适用于船体几何的NFFD变形技术。重点阐述了NFFD方法的基本原理和变形规则,并以矩阵表示方法为基础构建了数学模型。研究了控制点数量和分布对变形结果的影响,增加了控制点变形几何的能力并获得了更大的设计空间。最后,以某CNG运输船为例完成了球鼻艏、船艏和船艉部分几何的自动变形。本文的工作为船型优化提供了良好的变形工具。     

Centrifuge modelling of pipe-soil interaction in clay with crust layer

Seabed in regions, such as the Gulf of Guinea and North West Shelf of Australia, may exhibit a crust layer where the undrained shear strength can be an order of magnitude higher than that of the immediately underlying sediment. This can complicate design of steel catenary risers, where fatigue depends on the cyclic vertical stiffness of the pipe-soil interaction. Potential punch-through of the riser into the underlying soft soil may invalidate design assumptions based on the pipe-soil stiffness within the crust layer. The long-term evolution of pipe-soil stiffness within the crust layer, which exhibits similar properties to an over-consolidated soil, is also poorly understood. This paper describes centrifuge model tests undertaken in a clay sample with a crust layer, simulating the punch-through process of a pipe under load control and investigating the pipe-soil stiffness during long-term cyclic loading tests under displacement control. Results confirm that the potential for punching-through the crust layer depends strongly on the relative ratio of pipe diameter to crust layer thickness. The long-term evolution of pipe-soil stiffness showed a steady increase after an initial remoulding stage in contractile soils (normally consolidated and lightly over-consolidated), but a steady reduction in the heavily over-consolidated, more dilatant, crust. The magnitude of pipe-soil stiffness changes (during both remoulding and reconsolidation) is governed by the over-consolidation ratio of the soil and the amplitude of the cyclic displacements. This study provides insights on the relevant cyclic stiffness to consider when assessing SCR fatigue life in over-consolidated soils and soils exhibiting a superficial crust layer.     

A study on the stability of a motorcycle wheel–swingarm suspension with chain transmission

The present study describes a possible driving mechanism for a self-excited oscillation observed in motorcycle dynamics, often referred to as chatter. This phenomenon, affecting the performance of road racing motorcycles, has been simulated in straight running braking manoeuvres with multibody motorcycle models. It involves rear suspension bounce and driveline oscillation in the frequency range between 17 and 22?Hz. A simplified model of a motorcycle rear suspension with chain transmission is proposed and its stability in equilibrium configurations is studied via eigenvalue analysis. The sensitivity with respect to all its governing parameters is analysed by means of stability maps and the self-excitation mechanism is explained with the aid of energy balance analysis and phase diagrams. It is found that the key role for the instability onset is played by the gradient of the nonlinear characteristic slip function of the tyre.     

基于波分析法油膜刚度对轴系扭转振动影响的研究

为确保带减速齿轮箱主推进系统的可靠性,文章对船舶轴系的扭转振动进行了研究。首先根据各组成部件的特点将轴系分解为连续和离散的两个子系统,分别利用波分析法和多自由度系统分析法列出连续子系统的波动形式及离散子系统的振动微分方程,同时考虑了减速齿轮箱油膜刚度的影响。然后根据两子系统连接处的动态平衡和连续条件,建立整个轴系在扭转振动模式下总运动方程,通过求解总方程得到系统的位移响应。该扭转振动分析被应用到某LNG船带减速齿轮箱的轴系振动计算中,通过考虑轴系减速齿轮箱啮合齿面间油膜刚度使轴系扭转振动模型更接近轴系实际运转工况。计算结果显示：随着减速齿轮箱啮合齿面间油膜刚度的增加,最大轴系扭转应力向低转速区域偏移。这对船舶轴系转速禁区的划分产生极大的影响。有助于防止因不良轴系振动计算引起轴系事故的发生。     

群钉连接装配式组合轨道梁受力特性研究

为促进钢-混凝土组合结构的工业化建造,实现钢构件和混凝土构件的工厂化预制、装配化施工,针对传统剪力钉均匀满铺建立的等效刚度理论不能反映群钉集中布置时组合结构受力特性的问题,以跨座式单轨交通为研究背景,设计制作群钉连接装配式钢-混凝土组合轨道梁,进行装配前的钢梁与装配后的组合梁固有频率、荷载-挠度曲线、截面应变曲线对比分...     

改进型保温挠性软管在某重型卡车上的应用

某国六重型卡车排气系统应用单层波纹管+伸缩管的保温软管结构,该结构在整车可靠性试验过程中,两款车型多次出现波纹管断裂问题.经对其结构分析,知现用保温挠性软管刚度过小,在整车运行过程中会发生运动失稳引起波纹管断裂,同时挠性软管两端应力集中引起端边波纹断裂,且波纹管波峰圆角过小(近似尖波)易造成波纹管断裂,故开发改进型保温...     

CWELD焊点类型有限元结构刚度分析

针对在白车身等复杂的焊接结构进行有限元分析过程中,不同焊点的模拟方法对结构的弯曲刚度和扭转刚度影响较大的问题,文章对CWELD焊点进行研究,以RBE2刚性单元为参照,得出CWELD焊点对弯曲和扭转刚度的影响,为焊点的有限元建模方法积累经验。     

基于计算机模拟的车门下沉刚度改进设计及模态分析

针对某车门下沉刚度问题,提出了提高车门下沉刚度的多种改进设计方案,通过有限元方法对各改进方案进行了变形量和应力计算,经比较分析,得到可行的改进方案。并计算分析了改进后车门的模态特性,为车门的改进设计提供理论依据。     

快速线路轨道刚度合理值的研究

轨道动态几何形位直接对行车安全、轮轨作用力、车辆振动产生影响.轨道动态几何形位的变化与众多因素相关.轨道刚度变化同时影响着轮轨动荷载和轨道动态几何形位的变化.将沪宁线轨检车实测动态不平顺输入动力仿真软件,分别计算不同垂向和横向刚度时的轮轨动轮载和钢轨的垂向、横向动位移,并改变车辆速度和输入不平顺的大小,分析轨道不平顺、轮轨动荷载和钢轨动位移之间的关系.利用正态分布的原则统计不同状态下动轮载和动位移的最大值,分析对比钢轨动态变形和轮轨动荷载随刚度和速度的变化趋势,提出了合理的轨道刚度取值范围,并分析了初始不平顺大小对轨道动态位移的影响.     

某磁浮大跨斜拉桥竖向刚度限值研究

以某磁浮轨道交通(40+80+228+228+80+40)m大跨钢箱梁斜拉桥为研究对象,采用有限元软件ANSYS和多体动力学软件UM分别建立桥梁和磁浮列车模型.基于车桥耦合振动方法,针对2列磁浮列车相向行驶并在主跨跨中交会的最不利情形,进行列车以不同速度通过桥梁时不同梁高下车桥系统的动力响应及磁浮大跨桥梁的竖向刚度限值...