基于径向刚度法的车辆翻新轮胎使用寿命判定

为了有效判定车辆翻新轮胎的剩余使用寿命，需要科学确定废旧轮胎胎体橡胶老化程度对翻新轮胎使用寿命的影响。在分析废旧轮胎胎体橡胶老化规律的基础上，通过橡胶老化试验测试及回归分析，确定了胎体弹性模量随着橡胶老化年限增加近似线性增大的影响规律；结合计算机仿真技术及试验测试技术，基于轮胎径向刚度法提出了翻新轮胎剩余使用寿命不安全系数计算方法，其计算数值大小与翻新轮胎径向刚度和新轮胎径向刚度之差成正比，与新轮胎径向刚度值成反比；构建了由橡胶加速老化系统、弹性模量测取系统、承载-变形计算机模拟系统和承载-变形测试系统等组成的翻新轮胎剩余使用寿命判定系统；基于径向刚度法和判定系统提出了车辆翻新轮胎剩余使用寿命判定规则，确定了翻新轮胎胎体剩余使用寿命判定具体流程；根据剩余使用寿命不安全系数计算方法和判定规则，将翻新轮胎确定为可正常使用、需降速使用和需报废处理3个级别，并利用11.00R22.5载重车辆翻新轮胎进行了剩余使用寿命判定与评价，依据判定规则分别计算了不同使用年限3条翻新轮胎的剩余使用寿命不安全系数，确定出3条翻新轮胎所对应的级别，判定与评价结论与实际使用情况相吻合。研究结果表明：废旧轮胎胎体橡胶老化程度对翻新轮胎剩余使用寿命影响显著，翻新轮胎径向刚度与剩余使用寿命之间存在较大影响关系；废旧轮胎胎体橡胶老化程度越严重和径向刚度越大，翻新轮胎的剩余使用寿命将会越短。     

Vossloh300扣件胶垫刚度温变性的测试与分析

以Vossloh300扣件胶垫为研究对象,通过使用配备温度箱的万能试验机,测试其在-60~20℃温度范围内静刚度值;在上述实验的基础上,利用多刚体动力学软件建立车轨耦合模型,探究该型扣件胶垫温变刚度对高铁列车动力特性的影响。实验结果显示:Vossloh300扣件胶垫刚度在-40~20℃温度域内具有较好的温度稳定性,-40℃胶垫静刚度为26.91 kN/mm,较20℃的22.40 kN/mm仅有20.4%的增长;当温度低于-40℃时,该扣件胶垫刚度随温度降低急剧增长。仿真分析表明:扣件胶垫刚度的温变性对高速列车脱轨系数影响不大,但对轮重减载率的影响十分明显:环境温度为-48℃时轮重减载率的最大值0.585较20℃时轮重减载率最大值0.469有24.73%的增长,可见环境温度继续降低时轮重减载率将成为影响行车安全的主要因素之一。     

节理刚度对地震勘探激发效果的影响研究

采用离散元程序UDEC模拟了地震波在含节理岩体中的传播规律,并采用小波包分析技术对地震信号的频带能量分布特征进行分析,结果表明节理刚度对反射波和透射波的振动能量和频率均有较大影响,节理刚度越低,反射波振动能量和有效信号能量所占频带总能百分比越高,信噪比越高,则激发效果越好。     

盾构井环框梁等效侧向刚度计算及对基坑的影响分析

为研究在地铁明挖基坑计算中由于忽略盾构井开孔导致的结构侧向刚度削弱问题对基坑受力和变形的影响，以武汉地铁11号线未来三路站标准2层盾构井基坑为例，建立荷载-结构模型，根据k=F/l计算盾构井环框梁结构等效侧向刚度，并将其作为基坑逆工况换撑刚度； 利用Plaxis有限元软件，建立土层-结构模型，对在基坑逆工况回筑过程中采用环框梁等效侧向刚度和整板刚度2种不同换撑的刚度进行对比分析，结果显示： 2种换撑刚度造成围护结构最大位移相差4.8%，最大弯矩相差2.7%，最大剪力相差1.3%，总体差别不大。     

摆线针轮行星传动的几何回差分析计算

定量地分析了各种误差因素对摆线针轮行星传动几何回差的影响，并建立了计算摆线针轮行星传动几休回差的数学模型。     

修圆矩形孔蜂窝梁的成孔方法及刚度计算

提出将蜂窝梁孔洞做成角部修圆的矩形，可以避免六边形孔蜂窝梁的孔角应力集中和圆孔蜂窝梁的扩张比损失。介绍了修圆矩形孔蜂窝梁的错位成孔方法：提出了确定其抗弯刚度折减系数的数值方法和计算结果，该方法根据纯弯蜂窝梁有限元分析结果按照经典力学中挠度一刚度关系式反算其等效刚度。借鉴空腹截面刚度表达式但对其孔洞高度进行折减，给出了孔高折减系数的经验公式，用之于修圆矩形孔蜂窝梁的抗弯刚度计算，简单而又准确。     

带有弧形导向附件的空气弹簧垂向性能研究

在热力学理论的基础上,建立带有弧形导向附件空气弹簧的物理模型。导出计算垂向承载力和刚度的数学表达式,提出通过囊壁应力分析和几何变形分析确定空气弹簧参数的方法,通过与试验结果的对比,验证了此方法的可行性。     

Introducing a new semi-active engine mount using force controlled variable stiffness

This work introduces a new concept in designing semi-active engine mounts. Engine mounts are under continuous development to provide better and more cost-effective engine vibration control. Passive engine mounts do not provide satisfactory solution. Available semi-active and active mounts provide better solutions but they are more complex and expensive. The variable stiffness engine mount (VSEM) is a semi-active engine mount with a simple ON–OFF control strategy. However, unlike available semi-active engine mounts that work based on damping change, the VSEM works based on the static stiffness change by using a new fast response force controlled variable spring. The VSEM is an improved version of the vibration mount introduced by the authors in their previous work. The results showed significant performance improvements over a passive rubber mount. The VSEM also provides better vibration control than a hydromount at idle speed. Low hysteresis and the ability to be modelled by a linear model in low-frequency are the advantages of the VSEM over the vibration isolator introduced earlier and available hydromounts. These specifications facilitate the use of VSEM in the automotive industry, however, further evaluation and developments are needed for this purpose.     

Modelling generalisation and power dissipation of flexible-wheel suspension concept for planetary surface vehicles

Flexible-wheel (FW) suspension concept has been regarded to be one of the novel technologies for future planetary surface vehicles (PSVs). This study develops generalised models for fundamental stiffness and damping properties and power consumption characteristics of the FW suspension with and without considering wheel-hub dimensions. Compliance rolling resistance (CRR) coefficient is also defined and derived for the FW suspension. Based on the generalised models and two dimensionless measures, suspension properties are analysed for two FW suspension configurations. The sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate the effects of the design parameters and operating conditions on the CRR and power consumption characteristic of the FW suspension. The modelling generalisation permits analyses of fundamental properties and power consumption characteristics of different FW suspension designs in a uniform and very convenient manner, which would serve as a theoretical foundation for the design of FW suspensions for future PSVs.     

汽车减振器低温异响问题研究

针对某车型右后减振器异响问题,分别从源和传递路径做了系统的理论分析和试验验证,确定了减振器低温下异常振动和轮罩刚度弱是减振器异响根本原因。为了从工程设计和产品管控上彻底规避减振器异响问题,制定减振器单体台架试验方法和相应的控制指标,同时对传递路径的关键影响因素提出了结构设计建议及目标。