Geometry modeling of ship hull based on non-uniform B-spline

In order to generate the three-dimensional (3-D) hull surface accurately and smoothly, a mixed method which is made up of non-uniform B-spline together with an iterative procedure was developed. By using the iterative method the data points on each section curve are calculated and the generalized waterlines and transverse section curves are determined. Then using the non-uniform B-spline expression, the control vertex net of the hull is calculated based on the generalized waterlines and section curves. A ship with tunnel stern was taken as test case. The numerical results prove that the proposed approach for geometry modeling of 3-D ship hull surface is accurate and effective.     

Finite element analysis of rotary blanking: Effects of punch geometries on cutting area and stress distribution

It is essential to develop efficient and cost-effective production methods to achieve or maintain international competitiveness. An innovative production method, such as rotary blanking, enables manufacturers to both reduce expenses and economize production time. However, there are not enough numerical analyses for this process. In this paper, numerical simulations of rotary blanking were performed. After comparing the cutting planes generated by conventional and rotary blanking experimental tests, the cutting areas of two punch geometries were analyzed. The influence of punch geometry on part quality was then investigated through simulations. The procedure for die stress analysis was established and stress distributions of the worksheet and the tools were analyzed.     

基于造型三角形的大型游艇上层建筑造型研究及设计实现

提出造型三角形概念,并基于造型三角形对大型游艇的主尺度和造型参数作统计分析,通过已有游艇的造型设计特点逆向研究,量化研究大型游艇造型美学中的一般数学规律,使用贝塞尔曲线、NURBS曲线对游艇上层建筑中的曲线进行几何表达,并利用CATIA二次开发技术,开发了针对游艇上层建筑设计的平台,该平台可根据要求快速创建游艇上层建筑三维立体模型,提高了在技术设计和施工设计阶段中游艇外观造型的设计效率。     

船舶电气系统三维协同设计方法

分析了传统电气系统三维设计与CATIA3DE三维协同设计的区别,介绍了采用CATIA3DE平台进行电气系统建模的工作流程,提出了电缆托架、水密接插件等电气舾装件的结构化命名方式,研究了大型工程项目电气系统三维协同设计方法,并通过实例建模的方式验证了该方法的快速性及高效性。     

Position synchronization for track geometry inspection data via big-data fusion and incremental learning

Track geometry inspection data is important for managing railway infrastructure integrity and operational safety. In order to use track geometry inspection data, having accurate and reliable position information is a prerequisite. Due to various issues identified in this research, the positions of different track geometry inspections need to be aligned and synchronized to the same location before being used for track degradation modeling and maintenance planning. This is referred to as “position synchronization”, a long-standing important research problem in the area of track data analytics. With the aim of advancing the state of the art in research on this subject, we propose a novel approach to more accurately and expediently synchronize track geometry inspection positions via big-data fusion and incremental learning algorithms. Distinguishing it from other relevant studies in the literature, our proposed approach can simultaneously address data exceptions, channel offsets and local position offsets between any two inspections. To solve the Position Synchronization Model (PS-Model), an Incremental Learning Algorithm (IL-Algorithm) is developed to handle the “lack of memory” challenge for the fast computation of massive data. A case study is developed based on a dataset with data size of 18 GB, including 58 inspections between February 2014 and July 2016 over 323 km (200 miles) of tracks belonging to China High Speed Railways. The results show that our proposed model performs robustly against data exceptions via the use of multi-channel information fusion. Also, the position synchronization error using our proposed approach is within 0.15 meters (0.5 feet). Our proposed data-driven, incremental learning algorithm can quickly solve the complex, data-extensive, position synchronization problem, using an average of 0.1 s for processing one additional kilometer of track. In general, the data analysis methodology and algorithm presented in this paper are also suitable to address other relevant position synchronization problems in transportation engineering, especially when the dataset contains multiple channels of sensors and abnormal data outliers.     

工效学新技术在机车驾驶环境设计中的应用

“人的因素”是机车驾驶环境设计中不容忽视的一个重要环节。文章对机车驾驶环境设计中的工效学问题进行了论述,对人体测量、人机几何适配性评价、视线跟踪、心理负荷测量和热环境评价等工效学新技术在机车驾驶环境设计中的实际应用进行了探讨。     

海流条件下中性缆缆形及张力的理论研究

文章考虑缆绳经受的法向与切向流体阻力,在自然坐标系下推导了任意海流中缆绳的动力学方程。建立了中性缆在均匀、线性及组合海流作用下缆形与张力的参数表达式。参数表达式给出了对应海流作用下缆形及张力的物理规律,从而为参数迭代求解时迅速收敛指明了数学途径。自行编制程序,算例的定量结果进一步验证了其物理规律,也表明在长缆绳下,忽略切向阻力在工程上是不合适的。     

Data-driven optimization of railway maintenance for track geometry

Railway big data technologies are transforming the existing track inspection and maintenance policy deployed for railroads in North America. This paper develops a data-driven condition-based policy for the inspection and maintenance of track geometry. Both preventive maintenance and spot corrective maintenance are taken into account in the investigation of a 33-month inspection dataset that contains a variety of geometry measurements for every foot of track. First, this study separates the data based on the time interval of the inspection run, calculates the aggregate track quality index (TQI) for each track section, and predicts the track spot geo-defect occurrence probability using random forests. Then, a Markov chain is built to model aggregated track deterioration, and the spot geo-defects are modeled by a Bernoulli process. Finally, a Markov decision process (MDP) is developed for track maintenance decision making, and it is optimized by using a value iteration algorithm. Compared with the existing maintenance policy using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation, the maintenance policy developed in this paper results in an approximately 10% savings in the total maintenance costs for every 1 mile of track.     

Numerical estimation of ship resistance in broken ice and investigation on the effect of floe geometry

In this paper, a numerical model based on the non-smooth discrete element method is presented to investigate the effect of ice floe shape on ship resistance under low-concentration broken ice condition where ice fields consist of relatively small and unbreakable floes. The accuracy of the numerical model is validated by the comparison with a series of experiments conducted by the authors with artificial ice floes made from polypropylene (PP) material. The mean ice resistance estimated by the numerical model is in fairly good agreement with both the experimental results and those from the existing semi-empirical formulas. Additionally, the floe shape effect captured in the experiment, i.e. “rectangle-like” floes results in higher resistance than “elliptic-like” floes, is also predicted by the numerical model. Then, the validated numerical model is used to further investigate the effect of floe shape on ship resistance. It has been found that the rectangle floe results in higher ice resistance than other studied floe shapes. The ratio between the maximum and minimum caliper diameters of floe shows little influence on the ice resistance of ship. Finally, the effect of ice thickness on the ice resistance is also discussed.