硫酸盐还原菌对高桩码头抗震设计的影响

国际上高震区高桩梁板码头抗震设计往往采用基于位移的抗震设计方法,且采用钢管桩结构较多,而硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)能在极短时间内对钢管桩造成严重的腐蚀,危害极大。针对SRB的腐蚀机理,提出3种主要防护措施,并对物理防护法的3种不同工程应用方案进行对比研究。结合菲律宾马尼拉某集装箱码头工程设计,采用控制变量法,对3个方案分别进行push-over推覆分析求解。计算结果表明,覆盖层保护法及钢管桩泥面处局部填充混凝土法的结构抗力较大且结构延性较好。对类似工程环境的码头结构设计具有借鉴意义。     

航道改建工程中护岸结构形式优选

航道改建工程中,常因航道两岸环境复杂,须对护岸结构进行多方案的比选。而比选大多以定性分析的主观判断为主,往往存在一定局限性。以上海某航道综合整治工程一标段护岸结构的优选为例,针对典型段护岸,运用灰色关联层次分析法从中寻求安全可靠且经济合理的护岸结构方案。针对特殊段护岸,分析通常遇到的特殊环境条件情况,找出技术可行的较理想的护岸结构方案。研究成果可为类似工程提供借鉴。     

基于南方CASS软件的土方量计算方法

威海内海吹填工程主要施工内容是采用吹砂挤淤方式进行吹填,吹填区吹填完成后采用机械压实。在施工过程中须多次对吹填区进行进度测量,涉及土方量的计算频率较高。为保证工程土方量的计算准确,将南方CASS软件的不同土方量计算方法进行对比,并结合工程实际情况分析选择合理的计算方法,从而为工程质量和进度控制提供依据。结果表明,选择合适的计算方法不仅能够准确地计算土方量,还能形象地反映现场的实际情况。     

水下滑翔机器鱼机构设计与运动性能分析

本文设计了一种具有仿生尾鳍的水下滑翔机器人混合驱动机构,通过内部质量块的平移、旋转、仿生尾鳍的偏置以及外部皮囊的伸缩可实现滑翔机器人的小半径三维螺旋运动。同时,建立了水下滑翔机器鱼的水动力学模型,得到了稳态螺旋运动方程,给出了俯仰调节机构质心位置、尾鳍角、横滚调节机构质心旋转角与转弯半径和垂直速度之间的关系,以及每种稳态螺旋运动所对应的输出变量初值的取值范围。所得结果表明,在俯仰调节、浮力调节、横滚调节和尾鳍驱动的共同作用下,水下滑翔机器鱼可以获得更小的转弯半径,因而机动性更好。所设计的水下滑翔机器鱼在河流和湖泊等环境的水质监测、水下柱形区域取样等领域具有潜在的应用价值。     

某车型座椅骨架动态安全性与模态分析

为判断汽车座椅骨架的结构合理性,文章利用ANSA建立了某乘用车座椅骨架总成及假头型有限元模型,对该座椅骨架进行了模态分析与基于显式动力学有限元的头枕吸能性仿真试验,得到前四阶固有频率和振型、头枕前碰仿真分析加速度时间历程图。结果表明,该座椅骨架自由模态频率避开了人体最敏感的共振频率范围,整个碰撞过程假头型减速度超过80 g的连续作用时间未超过3 ms。     

Towards connected autonomous driving: review of use-cases

Connected autonomous vehicles are considered as mitigators of issues such as traffic congestion, road safety, inefficient fuel consumption and pollutant emissions that current road transportation system suffers from. Connected autonomous vehicles utilise communication systems to enhance the performance of autonomous vehicles and consequently improve transportation by enabling cooperative functionalities, namely, cooperative sensing and cooperative manoeuvring. The former refers to the ability to share and fuse information gathered from vehicle sensors and road infrastructures to create a better understanding of the surrounding environment while the latter enables groups of vehicles to drive in a co-ordinated way which ultimately results in a safer and more efficient driving environment. However, there is a gap in understanding how and to what extent connectivity can contribute to improving the efficiency, safety and performance of autonomous vehicles. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to investigate the potential benefits that can be achieved from connected autonomous vehicles through analysing five use-cases: (i) vehicle platooning, (ii) lane changing, (iii) intersection management, (iv) energy management and (v) road friction estimation. The current paper highlights that although connectivity can enhance the performance of autonomous vehicles and contribute to the improvement of current transportation system performance, the level of achievable benefits depends on factors such as the penetration rate of connected vehicles, traffic scenarios and the way of augmenting off-board information into vehicle control systems.     

Failure mode and effects analysis of dual levelling valve airspring suspensions on truck dynamics

Failure mode and effects analysis are performed for a dual levelling valve pneumatic suspension to determine the effect of suspension failure on tractor–semi-trailer dynamics, using a detailed model of suspension pneumatics coupled with a truck dynamic model. A key element of failure analysis in suspensions with one or two levelling valves is determining the effect on the vehicle body roll when one or more failures occur. The failure modes considered are mainly the suspension pneumatic components, including clogged levelling valve, bent control rod, disabled lever arm, and punctured or leaking connectors and pipes. The pneumatic suspension is modelled in AMESim, with critical parameters established through component testing. Upon validating the AMESim component model experimentally, the pneumatic suspension model is integrated into TruckSim for studying the consequences of suspension failure on truck dynamics. The simulation results indicate that the second levelling valve in a dual-valve arrangement brings a certain amount of failure redundancy to the system, in the sense that when one side fails, the other side can compensate for the failure. Equipping the trailer with dual levelling valves brings an additional stabilising effect to the vehicle in the event of tractor suspension failure.     

废食用油预脱硫胶粉改性沥青组分与黏弹性研究（双语出版）

为研究废食用油预脱硫胶粉（WRO）对沥青组分及黏弹性的影响,在不同掺量、加工温度和加工时间下分别制备了15组废食用油预脱硫胶粉改性沥青（WROMA）。基于四组分试验、DSR时间扫描试验、多应力蠕变回复试验分析了沥青组分及黏弹性变化的规律。结果表明：在组分方面,WRO中的橡胶烃主要补充沥青质,油分大部分补充饱和分,少部分补充芳香分;加工工艺与改性沥青中饱和分和胶质的含量线性相关性较弱,与芳香分及沥青质的含量线性相关性很强,且芳香分与沥青质含量主要受WRO掺量影响。在黏弹性方面,WRO掺量增加,改性沥青高温黏性降低,弹性增加。为保证改性沥青获得足够的高温弹性,WRO最佳掺量为30%,加工温度为160℃、加工时间为2 h。综合组分与黏弹性的分析结果可知：芳香分是影响WROMA高温黏性的主导因素,其含量越高沥青黏性越明显;沥青质和WRO中的橡胶烃是影响WROMA高温弹性的主导因素,两者含量越高,改性沥青弹性越明显。     

路面沥青复合料基于孔隙水压力损坏的实验分析探究

集料-沥青界面强度实验,集料-沥青界面黏合机能影响要素分析,孔隙水压对沥青复合料的损坏原理。本研究经过界面拉拔实验,分析沥青老化、温度和水分等要素对集料-沥青界面黏合机能的影响,探讨车辆载荷作用下孔水压对集料-沥青黏合机能的影响及损坏原理,以为同类沥青复合料路面工程应用提供研究和技术参考。     

Decouple transport CO2 emissions from China’s economic expansion: A temporal-spatial analysis

China’s transport industry is energy intensive and high-polluting. While with the surging urbanization and the development of service industry, China’s economic relies more and more on the transport sector. Therefore, exploring the relationship between transport energy-related carbon emission (TECE) and economic development is crucial to the realization of China’s “Post Paris” mitigation target. The paper carries out a decoupling research between TECE and Gross domestic product (GDP) at both national level and province level based on Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition analysis with the extended Kaya identity and Tapio decoupling model. The model quantifies eight factors’ effects on the relationship with focusing on external macro socio-economic related factors (i.e., spatial pattern, urbanization, per capita service industry output value, reciprocal of the service industry’s share of GDP, and demographic variable) successfully. The key conclusions are indicated as follows: (1) the national decoupling status was extensive coupling during 2004–2010 and then weak decoupling during 2010–2016. The progress can be attributed to the decline of energy intensity. (2) Per capita service output was always the prominent factor to promote carbon emissions growth in different time periods and provinces with inhibiting the advancement of decoupling process, followed by urbanization. (3) Scenario analysis shows that with the continuous growth of traffic demand and the promotion of urbanization, improving energy efficiency has become the key link to realize the decoupling between China’s TECE and its economy.