灰色层次分析法在舰船中水回用方案优选中的应用

[目的]为解决舰船中水回用方案优选过程中决策影响因素多,且因素无法完全被量化和排序的问题,有必要建立科学合理的方案优选评估模型.[方法]基于灰色层次分析法及德尔菲法构建舰船中水回用方案评价指标体系的层次化结构,采用白化权函数的灰色评估方法对各评估要素进行量化,开展不同方案的综合评估.[结果]分析及计算结果表明,采用灰色...     

新建地铁控制中心大屏幕系统的设计优化

地铁控制中心的大屏幕系统能够便捷地为调度人员提供直观的信息显示,但也因为能耗大、维护成本高等诸多原因而饱受争议.分析了大屏幕系统在使用过程中存在的争议,提出了大屏幕系统设计的优化和改进措施.随着运营需求的不断增加和对大屏幕系统要求的不断提高,在进行大屏幕系统设计时,必须在合理规划运营需求的同时,积极探讨和使用新技术、新工艺.     

AZS(M)350U型安全信息传输系统故障分析

简要介绍AZS(M)350U型安全信息传输系统构成,结合现场运用情况,通过案例介绍故障处理方法。     

Efficient missing data imputing for traffic flow by considering temporal and spatial dependence

The missing data problem remains as a difficulty in a diverse variety of transportation applications, e.g. traffic flow prediction and traffic pattern recognition. To solve this problem, numerous algorithms had been proposed in the last decade to impute the missed data. However, few existing studies had fully used the traffic flow information of neighboring detecting points to improve imputing performance. In this paper, probabilistic principle component analysis (PPCA) based imputing method, which had been proven to be one of the most effective imputing methods without using temporal or spatial dependence, is extended to utilize the information of multiple points. We systematically examine the potential benefits of multi-point data fusion and study the possible influence of measurement time lags. Tests indicate that the hidden temporal–spatial dependence is nonlinear and could be better retrieved by kernel probabilistic principle component analysis (KPPCA) based method rather than PPCA method. Comparison proves that imputing errors can be notably reduced, if temporal–spatial dependence has been appropriately considered.     

RCF-RPWM策略的功率谱分析及优化设计

在DC-AC变换器中,通过对载波频率的随机化处理,可以把输出电压的离散谱转换成连续谱,降低功率谱的峰值,达到抑制声学噪声和降低电磁干扰的目的.文中推导了采用随机载波频率RPWM策略逆变器开关函数的功率谱密度解析表达式,实验结果验证了其正确性.通过引入特征函数,提出了采用有限点载波频率进行随机时,开关频率选取的优化准则,仿真结果验证了其有效性.     

改进振动法在地下工程动力时程计算中的应用

地下工程受到周围土体的约束作用,其动力反映与地面工程有所区别,如将源于地面工程的振动法用于地下工程的动力时程计算分析,需要进行相应的改进.文章通过计算分析发现,振动法用于地下工程动力时程计算时,在计算模型边界条件和波动传播时间效应方面不能反映波动对地下工程作用的实质；通过对比分析,在这两个方面对常规振动法进行了改进；提出了适用于地下工程动力时程计算的改进振动法.该方法的计算模型采用左右两侧粘弹性底部固定的人工边界条件,波动输入采用能够反映波动传播时间效应的分层加速度动态输入法,其计算分析结果与理论解吻合较好,适用于地下工程的动力时程计算分析.     

基于谐波平衡法的Broyden网格分区迭代算法

在融合Broyden算法与网格分区思想的基础上,提出一种基于谐波平衡法且适用于对间隙型非线性动力系统进行频响特性分析的新型Broyden网格迭代算法.阐述了Broyden网格迭代算法的基本思想与计算流程.对决定该算法有效性的Broyden算法发散特性及不完整变量循环迭代过程等关键特性进行了分析与讨论.通过与相关文献采用的二分法所得的同等条件下的计算结果进行对比,证明该算法比二分法具有更好引导性与更全面的求解能力.通过网格分区的引导,该方法避免了数值迭代方法中普遍面临的迭代初值的盲目选择问题,为基于谐波平衡法全面考察间隙型非线性动力系统的频响特性提供了新途径.     

The visual impact of development in coastal zone areas

Abstract

The focus of this paper is theoretical, as well as methodological. It reviews previous studies of visual impact and reports research by the author on people's evaluation of the appropriateness of different man‐made facilities in different coastal‐area contexts and other environments. In this study, subjects were asked to react to slides developed through the use of landscape models and experimental facilities to simulate the appearance of a building in the landscape, while systematically varying the visual relatedness between the two. Specific interest centered on the variable of congruity vs. contrast between the appearance of the building and its landscape context, manipulated by co‐varying the attributes of color and size to create a five‐point scale of contrast/obtrusiveness. The hypothesis was that judgments of appropriateness, and to a lesser extent judgments of liking, would vary inversely with level of contrast. The role of two further variables, the functional significance of the building in its setting, and the character of the setting itself, was also investigated. The author reviews methodological issues involved where subjects respond to visual stimuli for purposes of judging change in visual quality. These methodological issues include: stimulus‐selection and problems of simulation, choice of response measures, and choice of respondents, and the treatment of individual differences. The author calls for development of standardized scales and indices such as “perceptually‐relevant environmental quality indicators.”     

软基路段水泥稳定碎石基层裂缝处治方法探讨

水泥稳定碎石基层作为公路的基础结构层发挥着很大的作用.在道路建设工程中,水泥稳定碎石基层的裂缝现象十分普遍.探讨水泥稳定碎石基层裂缝的处治方法,对指导实际工作有一定的意义.     

基于ANSYS的公路隧道衬砌结构安全分析

文章基于大型通用软件ANSYS,以深埋条件下隧道为例,采用荷载结构法,对考虑仰拱作用的各级围岩两车道公路隧道衬砌结构进行计算,求解其强度安全系数并进行相关安全分析,所得结论可为工程人员参考。