基于船舶报数据的蒸发波导条件下雷达探测距离的计算

本文研究了海洋蒸发波导条件下如何利用船舶报数据对雷达的探测距离进行计算,通过所需海区和时间段有效的历年船舶报气象信息得到大气折射率剖面,再利用抛物型方程计算出电磁波传播单程损耗,接着利用雷达方程得到目标的传播损耗门限,最后得到所需海区和时间段的雷达对目标的最远作用距离.实测结果表明,此方法是可行的.     

Passengers’ willingness to pay for airport ground access time savings

There are cases when passengers are willing to pay a premium to reduce the travel time, in particular when the trip has to be made. This paper aims to provide insight into factors that determine passengers’ willingness to pay to reduce travel time for their ground access to an airport. A methodology is developed that comprises two steps: the identification of the passengers with zero willingness to pay and from the rest the estimation of the additional price they are willing to pay to reduce their travel time. For the first step a Probit model was formulated and for the second a linear regression model. To this purpose, data has been collected employing stated preference from passengers at the Athens International Airport. It has been found that a high percentage of passengers have zero willingness to pay, and of the remaining ones those using public transport have a significant willingness to pay to reduce access travel time. The methodology and the models are structured in such a way that their transferability to any airport environment is possible, thus providing a useful tool for decisions relating to airport ground access measures.     

有软弱下卧层时确定天然地基上基础底面积的简便方法

在进行天然地基上浅基础的设计时,必须验算地基承载力.如果存在软弱下卧层,还必须进行软弱下卧层承载力验算.     

复掺钢渣与矿渣的水泥-水玻璃双液注浆材料研究

为解决传统注浆材料耗费水泥量极大的问题,需研制出工作性能好和经济环保的注浆材料。通过对比不同体系双液注浆材料的性能,优选出复掺钢渣与矿渣的水泥-水玻璃双液注浆材料,并研究钢渣与矿渣的掺量、水玻璃的体积掺量及水灰质量比等对双液注浆材料工作性能、胶凝性能和抗压强度等的影响规律。研究结果表明： 当钢渣与矿渣的掺量为60%,水玻璃的体积掺量为 20%~30%、水灰质量比为0.7~1.0时,所制备的浆液凝胶时间可控,流动度在300 mm以上,3 d的抗压强度在13 MPa以上。     

软土刀具的磨损预测——一种研究刀具磨损系统中主要影响因素的新方法

硬岩隧道掘进机的性能很大程度上取决于其切削刀具的磨损情况。刀具的磨损会降低掘进速度,进而导致掘进时间延长、项目成本增加。通常在隧道项目的规划阶段使用预测模型来进行磨损预测,而常规的磨损试验对磨损系统的考虑还不够准确,并没有考虑到刀具/土体的相互作用、周围介质（水、膨润土）以及掘进过程中的荷载等因素。针对该问题,专门设计了一个水平放置的磨损试验设备。本文介绍了该试验方法,研究并讨论了磨损系统相关因素对磨损率的影响。结果表明,该设备可模拟真实的掘进过程,很好地解决了上述问题,达到了高效、准确预测磨损的效果。     

软土深部盾构开挖地层损失率对软土土拱效应的影响分析

盾构在软土深部地层进行主动开挖时,开挖所采取的地层损失率差异,会使得深部地层土体产生不同的位移以及应力变化,从而对软土深部地层的主动土拱效应产生差异影响。通过调整计算模型中的主动开挖土体范围,设定7种不同的地层损失率,建立地层损失与软土主动土拱效应比例之间的对应关系。通过分析可得： 1）盾构在4倍直径埋深条件下进行主动开挖时,在隧道上方1~2倍直径范围内形成主动土拱作用区域; 2）主动开挖所采取的地层损失率越大,开挖后拱顶处所受到的主动土压力荷载越小,土拱效应发挥越充分,且当地层损失率到达一定值时,盾构开挖所产生的主动土拱效应比例逐渐趋近于稳定临界值。     

全断面硬岩地层盾构隧道管片上浮控制技术研究

为了解决盾构在全断面硬岩地层中管片上浮的问题,确保管片衬砌的施工质量,结合广州7号线某全断面硬岩段的盾构施工,从力学条件和空间条件等方面分析了导致管片上浮的原因和机制,从盾构施工和设计等方面提出了减小管片上浮的新措施。包括:采用豆砾石回填灌浆工艺进行管片壁后填充、利用止浆环与隔水环防止浆液流失、半敞开式掘进提高同步注浆的填充效果、采用前盾底部设计千斤顶防止盾构栽头等。     

A Fuzzy Fault Diagnosis Method for Large Radar Based on Directed Graph Model

To meet the requirement of the real-time, accuracy and multi-target diagnosis of the large radar system,a new fuzzy fault diagnosis method based on directed graph model is proposed in this paper. In this method, the large complex system model is defined using the directed graph model firstly, in which the nodes observing the fault by the hierarchical reconstruction of the directed graph are located, then the fault dependency matrix between these nodes and the fault sources are established. And then, we utilize the sensors’ alarm probabilities under different situations to build the characteristic fault observation matrix in the fault observation space. Finally,the optimized corresponding diagnosis method using a fuzzy function, which describes the similarity between the actual observation vector and the fault’s characteristic vector, is designed. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve high diagnosis efficiency and accuracy. It can be widely used in the real radar system.     

基于Peck公式的藏区公路隧道施工地面沉降预测

在隧道施工中结合现场地表下沉量测实测数据,利用Peck公式进行地表沉降计算,反分析法确定沉降槽曲线最大沉降量和沉降槽宽度及关键参数,并对拟合参数进行了检验。比较修正了沉降槽宽度计算经验公式,给出青藏高原东南部地区Peck公式中沉降槽宽度系数的初步建议值,验证了适合我国藏区具体地质条件与施工手段的公路隧道地表沉降预测模型。研究表明:Peck公式适用于青藏高原地区公路山岭隧道施工地面沉降预测,隧道进口浅埋段施工引起的地表沉降曲线基本符合高斯分布规律,进口段埋深较浅地表沉降槽宽度越大,埋深越大沉降槽宽度越小。     

潮汐区真空预压联合堆载地基加固技术的应用

介绍宁波大榭招商国际集装箱码头工程在潮汐区采用真空预压联合堆载方案对集装箱堆场进行地基加固处理的施工设计、施工工艺,以及在潮汐区施工中遇到的技术难题的处理措施。