维拉帕米及苯肾上腺素对人输卵管的作用

本文分别观察了维拉帕米(Ver)和苯肾上腺素(PE)对离体人输卵管平滑肌的药理作用及与月经周期的关系。结果表明,PE对人输卵管壶腹及峡部肌均产生收缩效应,酚妥拉明可对抗之,在峡部肌,其增生期的PD_2、PA_2值均大于分泌期,环、纵肌之间无差别。Ver抑制人输卵管平滑肌活动并可对抗PE的作用,其分泌期的PD’2值大于增生期。人输卵管的这种药理特性提示,峡部纵肌与环肌的α受体在调节卵运行上是同样重要的。     

耐久试验中不同测试循环下排放规律研究

采用标准台架循环(SBC)和标准道路循环(SRC)两种方式,分别对催化器进行耐久试验,并在不同耐久里程时分别进行排放试验。采用SBC方式时,随耐久里程增加,CO排放无明显变化,NO_x明显增大,THC有小幅增大;CO瞬态曲线由单峰态变为双峰态,双峰态峰值小于单峰态峰值;NO_x为双峰态,第1个峰值总体上呈增大趋势,第2个峰值无明显规律;THC为明显的单峰态,峰值总体上呈增大趋势。采用SRC方式时,随耐久里程增加,CO排放明显增大,NO_x也呈增大趋势,THC先增大后减小;CO瞬态曲线始终为单峰态,峰值呈增大趋势;NO_x为双峰态,第1个峰值与第2个峰值总体上均呈增大趋势;THC为明显的单峰态,峰值先增大后减小。     

Is rail cleaner and greener than bus?

The popular consensus is that urban passenger rail is more environmentally friendly than urban passenger bus. This position is largely associated with the key energy source for each mode, respectively electricity and diesel, where electric vehicle use will typically result in local air quality improvements away from the electricity generation source. Surveys of community perceptions reflect this sentiment; however the relationship between the source of energy and its resultant emissions is not something that citizens fully understand. There is a general lack of awareness of the resource base of much of electricity generation in some countries. Where generation sources are suitably renewable or low-carbon, electricity use will offer greenhouse gas abatement potential. However, in countries which still rely heavily on coal-fired power stations, such as Australia, abatement is not as assured and estimating emission outcomes can require careful assessment. Supporters of alternatives to diesel use can focus on the future supply of fossil-fuels, an argument which has merit; however such arguments are often confounded with environmental qualities related to local air pollution and enhanced greenhouse gas emissions. This paper takes a close look at the greenhouse emissions that are associated with urban rail and bus in Australia. Estimated intensities, when presented in the context of effective service delivery (primarily in terms of emissions per passenger kilometre), raise questions about the distortions that are present in the widespread promotion in Australia (at least) of rail as a more environmentally friendly and hence a sustainable mode of urban passenger transport than bus.     

长三角一体化框架下新建苏州机场的战略价值

本文从坚持以人民为中心的发展立场、解决不平衡不充分发展问题、融入国内国际双循环、构建更高水平一体化的城市—区域、综合交通体系建设以及机场布局规划制度创新等多个维度,阐述了长三角一体化背景下规划新建苏州机场的战略价值和社会实践意义。     

Development of Malaysian urban drive cycle using vehicle and engine parameters

Vehicles travelling in actual urban areas are mostly in idle, low or medium speeds, which reflects engine part-load condition. These regularly visited engine conditions, in reality affect the fuel economy during actual driving. Thus, understanding the characteristics of the actual driving conditions will enable many other benefits besides legislation. This paper presents the development of a preliminary Malaysian urban drive cycle with the inclusion of the engine parameters and characteristics, acquired through an actual urban driving on numerous urban roads in Malaysia that represents the actual consumer’s daily driving experience. The actual engine parameters and its characteristics are integrated into the assessment measures in an attempt to formulate representable drive cycle and fuel consumption data. The initial drive cycle is composed of 17 sequences selected from the actual on-the-road conditions to represent the Malaysian urban driving. The average fuel economy of the established Malaysian urban drive cycle was then measured on a test bench using the same engine from the vehicle. The recorded fuel economy with Malaysian urban drive cycle is 8.5% below the actual Malaysian urban driving which is closer estimation to the actual driving compared to the current in-practice NEDC which shows to be 43.1% below the actual Malaysian urban driving. Thus, Malaysian urban drive cycle is better in representing the Malaysian urban driving conditions compared to the NEDC in terms of the average fuel economy measurements.     

城市快速路入口匝道放行策略研究

针对如何把计算得到的匝道调节率值转化成实际的放行车辆问题,总结了国内外常用匝道放行策略,分析各自的优缺点。结合我国城市快速路的特性,提出适宜的匝道放行策略,并初步探讨了相应的匝道调节周期及信号灯配时,以此提高匝道控制的实施效果。     

企业导入逆向物流之考量因素——以纺织业为例

企业为发展经济效益时,在供应链架构中所产生的废弃物,碍於仓管空间的缺乏与处理中心技术之欠缺,逆向物流受到社会各界的广泛关注。为探讨企业导入逆向物流之考量因素,以传统产业——纺织业为例,透过问卷调查之结果,得到重要因素之权重,并透过企业访谈针对产业产品特性及现行逆向物流实施之流程。结果期能让企业在导入逆物流的同时,考量产业特性并重要考量因素投入适当资源,得到完整供应链循环。     

重型汽车底盘测功机排放测试方法探讨

分析了国外研究机构关于重型汽车整车在底盘测功机上开展排放测试所采用的测试循环曲线和加载质量计算方式,探讨了国外研究机构在重型汽车测试方面的共同关注点,明确了重型汽车排放测试中测试曲线一般制订规则和加载质量的计算方法,并初步探讨了重型汽车整车排放测试对设备的基本要求,提出了制订我国重型汽车整车排放测试在循环曲线选择、加载质量计算方法方面的建议。     

干湿循环作用下高液限黏土抗剪强度试验研究

高液限粘土是一种不良土质,在我国南方多雨地区非常常见,采用高液限粘土填筑库区路基是公路建设过程中常见的技术问题之一。以不同次数的增湿和烘干过程模拟干湿循环条件,并对这种模拟下的高液限黏土在自主研发的大型直剪仪上不同垂直压力下进行直剪试验,得到0～5次干湿循环条件下高液限粘土的强度参数值,分析出在5次干湿循环后粘聚力和内摩擦角各自衰减54％和26％基本趋于稳定。     

基于全寿命周期费用分析法的公路软土地基处理决策研究

在引入全寿命周期费用分析理念的基础上,分析了公路软土地基处治工程的全寿命周期费用组成及其计算方法,建立了包括加固处理费、维修费及加固节省费用的时间价值三项费用在内的公路软土地基处治全寿命周期费用比较简化公式.以此为基础并结合具体工程进行了某高速公路软土地基高填土路段处治技术方案的选择,结果表明采用全寿命周期费用分析法在保证道路使用性能和使用寿命的前提下最多可节省费用181％.最后提出了基于全寿命周期费用分析法的公路软土地基处理方案选择流程,研究成果可为类似公路软土地基处治工程的设计方案制定提供理论指导和借鉴.