A traffic-condition-based route guidance strategy for a single destination road network

Most of existing route guidance strategies achieves user optimal equilibrium by comparing travel time. Measuring travel time, however, might be uneasy on an urban road network. To contend with the issue, the paper mainly considers easily obtained inflow and outflow of a link and road capacity as input, and proposes a route guidance strategy for a single destination road network based on the determination of free-flow or congested conditions on alternative routes. An extended strategy for a complex network and a feedback approximation for avoiding forecast are further explored. Weaknesses of the strategy are also explicitly analyzed. To test the strategy, simulation investigations are conducted on two networks with multiple parallel routes. The results indicate that the strategy is able to provide stable splitting rates and to approximate user optimal equilibrium in different conditions, in particular when traffic demand is high. This strategy has potential to be applied in an urban road network due to its simplicity and easily obtained input data. The strategy is also applicable for single destination if some alternatives and similar routes are available.     

公路交通标志反光膜逆反射系数衰减规律

对设置在交通运输部北京试验场的230个交通标志反光膜样本进行了连续13年的逆反射系数观测, 建立了不同颜色、不同类别的交通标志反光膜逆反射系数衰减值的预测模型, 分析了逆反射系数随设置时间的衰减规律。分析结果表明: 白色Ⅰ~Ⅲ类反光膜逆反射系数衰减值的预测模型分别为三次函数、对数函数、三次函数模型, 决定系数分别为0.581、0.732、0.559;红色Ⅰ~Ⅲ类反光膜逆反射系数衰减率的变化幅度分别为16.0%、28.0%、42.0%, 其他颜色反光膜逆反射系数衰减率的变化幅度小于21%。可见, 逆反射系数衰减值的二次函数、三次函数模型具有更好的拟合性, 不同颜色、不同类别反光膜的逆反射系数衰减规律存在显著差异, 但衰减均随着设置时间的延长而逐渐减缓。     

基于图模型与卷积神经网络的交通标志识别方法

为了提高交通标志识别的鲁棒性, 提出了一种基于图模型与卷积神经网络(CNN)的交通标志识别方法, 建立了一个面向应用的基于区域的卷积神经网络(R-CNN)交通标志识别系统。构造了基于超轮廓图(UCM)超像素区域的图模型, 有效利用自底向上的多级信息, 提出了一种基于图模型的层次显著性检测方法, 以提取交通标志感兴趣区域, 并利用卷积神经网络对感兴趣候选区进行特征提取与分类。检测结果表明: 针对限速标志, 基于UCM超像素区域的图模型比基于简单线性迭代聚类(SLIC)超像素的图模型更有利于获取上层显著度图的大尺度结构信息; 基于先验位置约束与局部特征(颜色与边界)的层次显著性模型有效地融合了局部区域的细节信息与结构信息, 检测结果更加准确, 检测目标更加完整、均匀, 查准率为0.65, 查全率为0.8, F指数为0.73, 均高于其他同类基于超像素的显著性检测算法; 基于具体检测任务的CNN预训练策略扩展了德国交通标志识别库(GTSRB)的样本集, 充分利用了CNN的海量学习能力, 更好地学习目标内部的局部精细特征, 提高了学习与识别能力, 总识别率为98.85%, 高于SVM分类器的95.73%。     

Equilibrium analysis and route guidance in large-scale networks with MFD dynamics

Recent studies have demonstrated that Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD), which provides an aggregated model of urban traffic dynamics linking network production and density, offers a new generation of real-time traffic management strategies to improve the network performance. However, the effect of route choice behavior on MFD modeling in case of heterogeneous urban networks is still unexplored. The paper advances in this direction by firstly extending two MFD-based traffic models with different granularity of vehicle accumulation state and route choice behavior aggregation. This configuration enables us to address limited traffic state observability and to scrutinize implications of drivers’ route choice in MFD modeling. We consider a city that is partitioned in a small number of large-size regions (aggregated model) where each region consists of medium-size sub-regions (more detailed model) exhibiting a well-defined MFD. This paper proposes a route guidance advisory control system based on the aggregated model as a large-scale traffic management strategy that utilizes aggregated traffic states while sub-regional information is partially known. In addition, we investigate the effect of equilibrium conditions (i.e. user equilibrium and system optimum) on the overall network performance, in particular MFD functions.     

职业生涯规划与择业效能感结合的就业指导模式研究

针对高职院校就业指导工作的现状,运用实验的方法,提出通过实施职业生涯规划教学辅导、团体辅导、个别咨询三种交叉使用的方式提高学生的择业效能感,帮助学生明确就业目标、增强就业能力的就业指导模式。     

中低速磁悬浮列车导向能力分析

采用Ansoft有限元分析软件对悬浮电磁铁的磁场进行计算．对中低速磁悬浮列车悬浮电磁铁导向力进行了研究，得出电磁铁发生偏移后，磁力线的总体分布并没发生很大变化．只在气隙处发生了扭曲；列车在直道正常运行时并不受导向力作用的影响；在气隙和偏移值一定时．悬浮电磁铁产生的导向力和悬浮力之间的比值基本上不随线圈中电流的变化而变化，该研究对列车在运行过程中出现偏航、列车在弯道运行过程中的导向能力考核有实际意义。     

自动控制跟踪激光导向系统在地铁中的应用

主要介绍了自动控制跟踪激光导向系统的性能、原理以及在地铁施工中的应用     

CW-2系列转向架轴箱定位节点垂向刚度研究

介绍了CW—2系列转向架运用中出现的故障,结合轴箱定位结构分析了定位节点刚度较大带来的问题,并得出定位节点垂向刚度较大也是导致转向架出现较多运营可靠性问题的初步结论。利用动力学分析软件,计算了不同节点定位刚度对轮轨垂向力、构架垂向振动、节点处动态垂向力和车辆其他动力学性能的影响趋势,以TGV高速列车的2种转向架的试验比较进行了验证。     

锰毒作用表现的研究

调查研究表明，慢性锰中毒早期主要表现为类神经征，继而出现锥体外系神经受损症状，肌张力增高，手指明显震颤，腱反射亢进，并有神经情绪改变。严重患者锥体外系神经障碍恒定而突出，表现为帕金森样症状。锰中毒患者的肌电图、脑电图、气脑造影、脑血流图、脑CT和MRI均有不同程度的改变，为临床诊断提供了较多的参考依据，同时也为现行的锰中毒诊断标准提供了新的内容。     

高职院校职业发展与就业指导课程建设初探

文章通过问卷调查及其结果,分析了目前高职院校职业发展与就业指导课程体系的现状,提出了开设高职院校职业发展与就业指导课程的几点建议。