Phase change analysis of an underwater glider propelled by the ocean＇s thermal energy

The phase change characteristic of the power source of an underwater glider propelled by the ocean＇s thermal energy is the key factor in glider attitude control. A numerical model has been established based on the enthalpy method to analyze the phase change heat transfer process under convective boundary conditions. Phase change is not an isothermal process, but one that occurs at a range of temperature. The total melting time of the material is very sensitive to the surrounding temperature. When the temperature of the surroundings decreases 8 degrees, the total melting time increases 1.8 times. But variations in surrounding temperature have little effect on the initial temperature of phase change, and the slope of the temperature time history curve remains the same. However, the temperature at which phase change is completed decreases significantly. Our research shows that the phase change process is also affected by container size, boundary conditions, and the power source＇s cross sectional area. Materials stored in 3 cylindrical containers with a diameter of 38ram needed the shortest phase change time. Our conclusions should be helpful in effective design of underwater glider power systems.     

略论加强党性修养与提高执政能力的关系

加强执政能力建设,首先要加强党性修养,因为它能为提高执政能力提供政治保证、精神动力、为提高执政能力开拓新视野、提供新平台。新时期要不断加强党性修养,从而保持党的先进性,推动社会主义和谐社会的构建。     

海岸港口工程海洋生态环境监测与指标优化

根据近些年来实际监测工作情况,阐述海岸港口工程海洋生态监测内容与指标优化等情况,为我国其他海岸港口工程监测提供可借鉴的经验。     

世界高速电气化铁道电能质量现状及治理措施

介绍了国际高速电气化铁道电能质量的现状、有关标准和改善电能质量方面的进展.探讨了我国为提高电能质量在接入系统电压等级、短路容量、供电方式、变压器类型、机车类型、接触网设计等方面应该采取的措施,在已运营电气化铁道上如何通过在机车侧、牵引变电所和公共连接点加设补偿滤波装置以及合理安排行车调度等方式来改善电能质量,并应考虑同相供电和高压直流供电等新型的供电方式.     

船舶压载水污染的控制和管理

压载水对现代船舶的安全航行是绝对必要的，但它对生态、经济和人类健康构成了严重威胁，排放船舶压载水被全球环境基金组织确认为危害海洋的四大威胁之一.为防止压载水带来的生物污染，除了在深海更换压载水外，IMO还提出了将来可能采用的一些方法，分析不同处理方法的经济性。     

论和谐世界思想和全球治理

全球治理是全球化发展的必然结果,它面临着权利的重新定位、参与者类型和数量的扩展、跨国问题的激增等的挑战。中国共产党第三代领导集体审时度势,提出了“和谐世界”的思想,以自己的实践和理论创新丰富了全球治理的核心理念。     

大型半潜式钻井平台安全关键技术研究

BINGO—9000型平台是目前世界上最先进的第五代半潜式钻井平台，能在深海(工作水深3000m)，恶劣气候海况(零下20℃、风速41m／s、浪高32m)下开采石油。以BINGO—9000型平台为例，介绍了平台结构和压载状态实时监测系统设计的关键技术问题，以及基于疲劳寿命分析的结构设计思想。展开了该平台波浪载荷的分析计算，在此基础上对主体结构进行了三维有限元强度分析。对平台特殊结构如K型管节点及支撑结构和立柱结构进行了强度分析和疲劳寿命分析。还研究了平台吃水数据采集、压载状态监测等技术。通过以上关键技术的研究，平台结构设计更趋安全可靠合理，既具有必需的强度储备，又可减轻结构重量。     

1/32° real-time global ocean prediction and value-added over 1/16° resolution

A 1/32° global ocean nowcast/forecast system has been developed by the Naval Research Laboratory at the Stennis Space Center. It started running at the Naval Oceanographic Office in near real-time on 1 Nov. 2003 and has been running daily in real-time since 1 Mar. 2005. It became an operational system on 6 March 2006, replacing the existing 1/16° system which ceased operation on 12 March 2006. Both systems use the NRL Layered Ocean Model (NLOM) with assimilation of sea surface height from satellite altimeters and sea surface temperature from multi-channel satellite infrared radiometers. Real-time and archived results are available online at http://www.ocean.nrlssc.navy.mil/global_nlom. The 1/32° system has improvements over the earlier system that can be grouped into two categories: (1) better resolution and representation of dynamical processes and (2) design modifications. The design modifications are the result of accrued knowledge since the development of the earlier 1/16° system. The improved horizontal resolution of the 1/32° system has significant dynamical benefits which increase the ability of the model to accurately nowcast and skillfully forecast. At the finer resolution, current pathways and their transports become more accurate, the sea surface height (SSH) variability increases and becomes more realistic and even the global ocean circulation experiences some changes (including inter-basin exchange). These improvements make the 1/32° system a better dynamical interpolator of assimilated satellite altimeter track data, using a one-day model forecast as the first guess. The result is quantitatively more accurate nowcasts, as is illustrated by several model-data comparisons. Based on comparisons with ocean color imagery in the northwestern Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman, the 1/32° system has even demonstrated the ability to map small eddies, 25–75 km in diameter, with 70% reliability and a median eddy center location error of 22.5 km, a surprising and unanticipated result from assimilation of altimeter track data. For all of the eddies (50% small eddies), the reliability was 80% and the median eddy center location error was 29 km. The 1/32° system also exhibits improved forecast skill in relation to the 1/16° system. This is due to (a) a more accurate initial condition for the forecast and (b) better resolution and representation of critical dynamical processes (such as upper ocean – topographic coupling via mesoscale flow instabilities) which allow the model to more accurately evolve these features in time while running in forecast mode (forecast atmospheric forcing for the first 5 days, then gradually reverting toward climatology for the remainder of the 30-day forecast period). At 1/32° resolution, forecast SSH generally compares better with unassimilated observations and the anomaly correlation of the forecast SSH exceeds that from persistence by a larger amount than found in the 1/16° system.     

以科学发展观为指导适应和谐铁路建设需要不断开创工务工作新局面——在全路工务工作会议上的讲话(摘要)

2006年,全路工务工作在完成第六次大面积提速改造工程、确保青藏线开通运营、强化设备安全基础、深化修程修制改革、规范安全管理等方面取得了突出成绩。2007年,全路工务工作要大力提高设备质量,强化设备安全保障能力,确保第六次提速调图工作的顺利实施,管好用好青藏线,探索高速、重载条件下线桥设备的变化规律,提升检修作业的装备水平和科技含量,确保设备质量均衡和长期稳定,提高干部职工技术水平和人员素质,全面完成2007年各项任务,推动铁路又好又快的向前发展,实现和谐铁路的奋斗目标。     

液化天然气(LNG)的海上运输

概括介绍了世界液化天然气(LNG)海上运输的发展,并对液化天然气海上运输链及其组成,以及当前世界液化天然气主要项目情况进行概述。