浅谈发动机“缺缸”运转的危害及如何诊断

根据多年工作实践,对汽车运行中较常出现的故障——发动机“缺缸”运转的危害进行分析并提出了诊断方法。     

考虑乘客感知的公交驻站和限流组合策略研究

为了预防公交“串车”现象,提高乘客感知满意度,基于预测控制提出一种考虑公交乘客动态感知的驻站与限流组合策略. 建立以公交线路上总乘客感知等待时间最小为优化目标的预测控制决策模型,运用差分进化算法求解目标站点的最小驻站时长和限流人数. 建立元胞自动机仿真模型,对比不考虑乘客感知的驻站、限流、驻站—限流策略与考虑乘客感知的驻站—限流策略的控制效果. 通过5 组情景实验,对比了考虑乘客感知和不考虑乘客感知的驻站—限流策略对线路乘客到达率和下车比例波动性的适应性. 实验结果表明,考虑乘客感知的驻站—限流策略更有利于减少乘客感知等待时间,对线路乘客到达率和下车比例波动性具有较优的适应性.     

自评的驾驶能力与危险类型对年轻新手危险知觉的影响

结合反应时和眼动测量方法,考察自评的驾驶能力与危险类型对年轻新手危险知觉的影响,以更好地解释“为什么年轻新手驾驶员对特定危险的反应时间长”这一现象.43名被试依次完成危险知觉能力自我评估量表和反应时任务.结果发现：驾驶员对真实交通视频中危险的反应时间存在明显的自评的驾驶能力效应;驾驶员高估自己的驾驶能力,会延迟他们的反应时间;当危险的可见性被遮挡时,这种不利影响更大;反应时间的差异是因为评估时间不同,而不是检测时间不同;眼动受危险类型的影响,而不受自评的驾驶能力的影响.研究结果对开发和开展年轻新手驾驶员危险知觉训练具有理论和实践意义.     

考虑乘客感知的公交驻站和限流组合策略研究

为了预防公交“串车”现象,提高乘客感知满意度,基于预测控制提出一种考虑公交乘客动态感知的驻站与限流组合策略. 建立以公交线路上总乘客感知等待时间最小为优化目标的预测控制决策模型,运用差分进化算法求解目标站点的最小驻站时长和限流人数. 建立元胞自动机仿真模型,对比不考虑乘客感知的驻站、限流、驻站-限流策略与考虑乘客感知的驻站-限流策略的控制效果. 通过5 组情景实验,对比了考虑乘客感知和不考虑乘客感知的驻站-限流策略对线路乘客到达率和下车比例波动性的适应性. 实验结果表明,考虑乘客感知的驻站-限流策略更有利于减少乘客感知等待时间,对线路乘客到达率和下车比例波动性具有较优的适应性.     

隧道岩溶区灾害处治措施探讨

在隧道岩溶区施工时,通过综合运用超前地质预报方法,准确预测围岩的实际情况和溶洞的具体性状,制定有针对性的灾害处治措施,可保证施工正常进行。     

高边坡地质灾害原因机理分析

通过广贺高速的实例,讲解了高边坡滑坡塌方的重要性、造成的损失及塌方后的处置措施。同时也提出了防止高边坡发生滑坡、塌方的一些预防性措施。     

诗歌意象美的三星座——《在地铁车站》与《春江花月夜》意象美联系

意象是诗歌的灵魂。它是指词语通过组合表达某种特定的意念而让读者得之言外的语言形象,它是中国古典诗学和西方意象派诗中重要而独特的概念。感官意象溢出情趣美,模糊意象荡出意蕴美,联想意象托出生动美。本文拟就庞德的《在地铁车站》与张若虚的《春江花月夜》中感官意象,模糊意象和意象联想三方面进行比较,揭示这两首诗之间的意象联系。     

格库铁路柴达木盆地段风沙防护动态设计

格库铁路是我国西部风沙地区的一条客货共线干线铁路,风沙防护是设计的重点和难点.为使风沙防护设计更有的放矢,提出新建铁路风沙防护动态设计的理念,利用土建工程完工至项目竣工的时间差,进行积沙试验,通过分析积沙特征、发展趋势及对铁路工程的危害情况,有针对性地确定不同段落风沙防护等级和方式,开展动态设计,使设计方案更好地适用于...     

Port Decision Maker Perceptions on the Effectiveness of Climate Adaptation Actions

Effective adaptation to climate change impacts is rapidly becoming an important research topic. Hitherto, the perceptions and attitudes of stakeholders on climate adaptation actions are under researched, partly due to the emphasis on physical and engineering aspects during the adaptation planning process. Building on such considerations, the paper explores the perceptions of port decision makers on the effectiveness of climate adaptation actions. The findings suggest that while port decision makers are aware of potential climate change impacts and feel that more adaptation actions should be undertaken, they are skeptical about their effectiveness and value. This is complemented by a regional analysis on the results, suggesting that more tailor-made adaptation measures suited to local circumstances should be developed. The study illustrates the complexity of climate adaptation planning and of involving port decision makers under the current planning paradigm.     

Who uses smart card? Understanding public transport payment preference in developing contexts,a case study of Manila's LRT-1

The culture of “tingi-tingi” or sachet economy provides a strong backdrop to better understand the payment mode preference of the riding public in the Philippines. First, the use of single journey tickets (SJT) reflects the purchasing practices amongst the urban poor thereby affecting the promotion and uptake of public transport smart cards. Second, as a glocalization strategy, it can inform what, how, when, and why services that has global uptake can be tailored towards the realities of a differentiated, local market conditions.Categorical principal component analysis (CATPCA) is presented to determine the key variables explaining the likelihood of uptake of smart cards for public transport passengers in the Philippines. The Metro Manila Light Rail Transit Line 1 (LRT-1) presents an appropriate context to examine how the glocalization of smart cards can help improve the quality of public transport services, and to provide planning and policy recommendations on smart card uptake and integrated ticketing, with the end goal of improving public transport provision and management. LRT-1 alongside its change in management, also introduced a new smart card payment system. However, more than half continue to use single journey tickets.The model parameters are estimated using primary survey data collected from LRT-1 passengers. Transit smart card has been widely used around the world and effectively reduces waiting time for passengers who used to purchase paper tickets.The main results of the model reveal that: (1) only groups with high education background, stable income, or with stable job would likely to use smart card; (2) passengers with lower education level, lower income, or with unstable job prefer to use single journey ticket; and (3) the sachet economy is strongly associated with the purchasing practices amongst Filipinos, particularly the urban poor, hence may affect the promotion and uptake of public transit smart cards. These findings may inform changes to the introduction of alternative payment schemes and the planning of public transport policies that recognise the need for an effective glocalization strategy, paving the way towards improved public transport service and provision.