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探讨了开发城市轨道交通多列车运行模拟系统的关键问题.研制了可用于多 列车运行模拟、牵引计算、方案评价的模拟系统,该系统采用面向对象的方法和模块化的设计,具有良好的可扩展性.重点介绍了模拟系统的总体结构设计和多列车追踪运行的计算模型.此外,本文以实际线路为背景,对多列车的运行过程进行了模拟,模拟结果表明,系统可用于分析列车安全运行间隔、研究多列车运行时相互间的影响、研究不同的信号显示制式对列车运行的影响等.     

既有建筑物桩基下暗挖车站施工的模拟分析

结合广州市轨道交通六号线东山口车站暗挖施工对既有建筑物的影响问题,阐明了该工程的施工方案,给出了建筑物安全性的评价标准。并利用ANSYS8.1有限元计算程序,对开挖方案进行数值模拟。论证了各施工步建筑物的安全性,为该工程顺利施工提供了理论依据和指导作用,取得了一些有意义的成果。     

单舱万吨重吊船1000 t联吊试验研究

以左舷配备2台450 t起吊机的单舱万吨重吊船为例,分析两个克令吊联合起吊1 000 t载荷的过程。在试验过程中,采用水箱式载荷,通过压载水调节和安装舷侧浮筒提高船舶稳性,研究起吊过程中船舶状态,并对该试验进行总结分析。     

The association between transit access and auto ownership: evidence from Guangzhou,China

In many developing countries, massive investment in transit infrastructure is concurrent with the proliferation of automobiles. Planners expect that investment can slow the growth of auto ownership. However, few studies have examined the relationships between transit access and auto ownership in developing countries, whereas research in developed countries offers mixed findings and the outcomes may not be applicable to developing countries. This study employs a random effect ordered probit model on data collected from Guangzhou residents in 2011–2012. We find that transit access is negatively associated with auto ownership, after controlling for demographics and other built environment variables. This result suggests that, although income is the dominant driver for auto ownership in growing developing countries, transit investment is a promising strategy to slow the growth of auto ownership. This study also highlights the importance of addressing spatial dependency in clustered data.     

Numerical analysis of the dynamic interaction between wheel set and turnout crossing using the explicit finite element method

A three-dimensional (3-D) explicit dynamic finite element (FE) model is developed to simulate the impact of the wheel on the crossing nose. The model consists of a wheel set moving over the turnout crossing. Realistic wheel, wing rail and crossing geometries have been used in the model. Using this model the dynamic responses of the system such as the contact forces between the wheel and the crossing, crossing nose displacements and accelerations, stresses in rail material as well as in sleepers and ballast can be obtained. Detailed analysis of the wheel set and crossing interaction using the local contact stress state in the rail is possible as well, which provides a good basis for prediction of the long-term behaviour of the crossing (fatigue analysis). In order to tune and validate the FE model field measurements conducted on several turnouts in the railway network in the Netherlands are used here. The parametric study including variations of the crossing nose geometries performed here demonstrates the capabilities of the developed model. The results of the validation and parametric study are presented and discussed.     

Influence of wheel and rail profile shape on the initiation of rolling contact fatigue cracks at high axle loads

The influence of wheel and rail profile shape features on the initiation of rolling contact fatigue (RCF) cracks is evaluated based on the results of multi-body vehicle dynamics simulations. The damage index and surface fatigue index are used as two damage parameters to assess the influence of the different features. The damage parameters showed good agreement to one another and to in-field observations. The wheel and rail profile shape features showed a correlation to the predicted RCF damage. The RCF damage proved to be most sensitive to the position of hollow wear and thus bogie tracking. RCF initiation and crack growth can be reduced by eliminating unwanted shape features through maintenance and design and by improving bogie tracking.     

高压共轨喷油器压力波动与针阀响应解耦分析

多次喷射过程中,不同喷射之间的相互影响导致循环喷油量的控制难度增大。建立了高压共轨系统的AMESim仿真模型,通过数值仿真和试验测试相结合的方法,揭示了喷油器内部压力波动和针阀开启阶段动作响应的强耦合作用是导致主喷油量随喷射间隔波动的根本原因,当主喷油量基准值为60．0 mm3时,其波动量最大可达3．6 mm3。建立了共轨系统的无阻尼 L C液力系统模型,通过对模型的分析,针对强耦合作用提出了减小喷油器内部油道长径比和盛油槽容积的解耦方法。对解耦方法的仿真试验验证表明,采用解耦方法后压力波动和针阀响应的耦合程度降低53％。     

山西省重载水泥混凝土路面结构设计与体会

对山西省已建成的几条重载水泥混凝土路面高速公路结构进行汇总分析,并结合重载交通的特性和典型病害,提出了一些结构设计体会,供同行参考。     

沥青拌和设备燃烧器如何良好使用重渣油的研究

通过对多家沥青拌和设备所使用的燃烧器的监测,研究了目前应用于沥青拌和设备的燃烧器在使用重渣油代替柴油时所遇到燃油难以正常雾化、燃烧,影响燃烧器正常使用的问题,最终得出沥青拌和设备在使用专用燃烧机,并对燃料供给系统进行良好设计和维护下,便可极大地提高重渣油利用效率的结论。