Comparison of coal-based dimethyl ether and diesel as vehicle fuels from well to wheel in China

With life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology, a life cycle model of coal-based vehicle fuels (CBVFs) including coal-based dimethyl ether (CBDME) and coal-based diesel (CBD) is established. Their primary energy consumption (PEC) and global warming potential (GWP) from well to wheel including feedstock extraction, fuel production, fuel consumption in vehicle and energy transportation are calculated and compared. Results show that the life cycle PEC and GWP of CBD pathway are 1.17 and 1.34 times as CBDME pathway. Based on the above results, CBDME will become a choice with great potential to replace conventional petroleum-based diesel (CPBD) in China.     

沥青含量对混合料疲劳极限特性的影响

利用马歇尔试验确定了沥青混合料的最佳沥青含量,采用控制应变的小梁疲劳试验,研究了最佳沥青含量和富沥青含量混合料弯拉劲度模量随应变水平的变化规律,得到了应变水平与荷载作用次数模型,并分析了2种混合料在不同应变水平和轴次下的疲劳特性。分析结果表明:不同应变水平下,2种混合料弯拉劲度模量随荷载作用次数变化规律基本一致,高应变水平下弯拉劲度模量迅速衰减,低应变水平下初始阶段模量明显降低,随后趋于平缓;以弯拉劲度模量降为初始值的一半作为破坏标准,2种混合料疲劳寿命和应变的关系都呈非线性特征,且低应变水平下曲线呈现典型的渐近线趋势,表明2种沥青混合料具有类似的疲劳极限特性;富沥青含量混合料在高应变水平下对疲劳极限特性影响有限,只有当应变水平小于100με时才对疲劳寿命有明显改善;在进行永久性沥青路面沥青层设计时,不能简单通过增加沥青含量减薄沥青层厚度。     

高职院校专业英语教学探讨

专业英语是大学英语不可缺少的一部分,是培养新世纪复合型人才的关键之一。目前,我国专业英语教学存在着许多问题,高职院校应明确培养目标和教学要求,改进师资力量和教材建设,创新教学方法,以培养学生应用能力,使学生真正能适应市场需求。     

Life cycle assessment for the ＂implicit＂ environmental impact of construction projects

The paper has established an assessment system and a quantitative calculation method of the "implicit" environmental impact including environmental impact indicator, resources consumption indicator and energy consumption indicator. The quantitative calculation of the environmental impact indicator is based on the life cycle assessment system and the evaluation software BEES. The paper identifies normalization reference values and weights for 12 categories of the environmental impact. It also analyzes the environmental impact indicator in life cycle stages, raw materials, transportation, manufacturing, utilization, and end of life. A university refectory project is studied. The result has shown that human health, global warming and acidification are the first three environmental impacts in 12 categories. The environmental impact indicator per m2 of this project is 18.448×10-2 standard human equivalent weight. Moreover, 97.3 % of the total environmental impact occurs at the raw material stage, in which the most severe environmental impact is cancerous health effect; the global warming is the main impact at the transportation and manufacturing stages; the indoor air quality impact is at the usage stage.     

高校贷款额度预测方法探讨

为了确定高校的贷款控制额度,评价高校贷款风险,财政部、教育部联合开发了相关数学模型.该模型运用货币资金时间价值理论,假设高校可用于偿还贷款本息的非限定性净收入呈稳定增长的态势.这种假设与高校的实际发展情况并不一致.为了使模型更加符合实际,提出了利用回归分析方法预测未来非限定性净收入的方法,阐述了该方法的优点和具体的测算步骤,并进行了举例说明.     

高模量外掺剂改性中面层混合料配合比设计要点

为了预防车辙病害的出现,本辽辽高速公路中面层使用了高模量沥青混凝土技术.介绍了掺加路宝牌高模量外掺剂的中面层沥青混合料的配合比设计控制要点.     

高模量沥青混凝土的性能及应用研究

针对添加专用的高模量沥青混凝土外掺剂展开室内研究和试验路验证,试验结果显示,掺加高模量外掺剂,可使沥青混凝土材料的高温抗车辙能力和动态模量明显提高.     

基于加铺层疲劳性能的聚酯玻纤布合理铺设宽度研究

聚酯玻纤布的铺设宽度对沥青加铺层的疲劳性能和工程经济性有重要影响。以沥青加铺层疲劳性能为控制指标,提出了满足加铺层疲劳性能要求的聚酯玻纤布合理铺设宽度设计方法;结合重庆成渝高速公路沥青加铺改造工程,进行聚酯玻纤布铺设宽度设计,确定了聚酯玻纤布的合理铺设宽度。     

高次位移函数时箱梁剪滞效应变分法解

考虑了剪滞纵向位移差函数分别取5次和6次抛物线以反映薄壁箱梁的剪滞效应变化幅度,并应用能量变分法,得出了相应的剪力滞效应微分方程的计算公式和边界条件。并对按不同抛物线变化规律的位移函数的剪力滞效应在几种常见的荷载及支承形式下作了对比。结果显示箱梁纵向位移函数取高次时比以往常采用的三次抛物线的剪力滞效应更加精确,以上结论对以后深入研究剪力滞效应有一定的借鉴指导作用。     

连续刚构桥梁变形预抛高值与桥面铺装拟合方法的研究

结合西部大通道包（头）北（海）线陕西境黄陵至延安段老庄河特大桥在施工监控中的实践,对大跨径连续刚构桥悬臂施工的线形进行控制,主要是对变形预抛值与桥面铺装拟合方法进行研究,并结合实测数据总结出变形预抛值的最佳设置方法及桥面铺装拟合曲线的理论方法。