高速铁路营业线新建车站施工安全技术研究

武广英德西站是我国第一个高铁营业线的新建车站工程,安全风险大、施工难度高。详细介绍了英德西站施工中有关安全方面的一些技术措施和安全管理经验,以供类似工程参考。     

制动系统黏着探讨

介绍世界各国制动系统黏着限制设置及增黏方式,通过对制动系统黏着系数设置的探讨,对我国高速动车组利用黏着系数的方法进行研究,并介绍几种车辆有效增黏的方法。     

大功率电力机车变形吸能元件加工难点及解决措施

对大功率电力机车的牵引缓冲装置变形吸能元件支撑板的功能、结构、主要工艺难点进行分析,介绍一种新型的加工工艺方法,大大地提高了其生产效率.     

计算机联锁系统辅助电源设计

介绍了多输出单端反激开关电源的设计方法,该方法适用于计算机联锁系统辅助电源的设计。分析多输出单端反激电源的工作原理,双闭环控制方式和工作模式;详细阐述了高频变压器的设计方法以及关键元器件和电路参数设计。该方法设计出的电源符合计算机联锁系统辅助电源性能要求,具有很大的实际工程价值。     

Total cost analysis: An alternative to benefit-cost analysis in evaluating transportation alternatives

This paper explains the theory in support of total cost analysis (TCA) to compare transportation system alternatives. The full costs of each alternative are first aggregated, including travel time costs and monetizable environmental and social costs. Many costs which are considered on the benefits side of the equation in benefit-cost analysis (BCA) as "cost savings" are brought over to the costs side. Total cost differences among alternatives are then traded off against their estimated non-monetized benefits or impacts, just as a consumer trades off product quality against cost before deciding which product he or she will buy. One advantage of TCA over traditional BCA is that the concept of "total cost" is more easily understood by the public and by political decision-makers than BCA concepts such as "net present worth", "benefit-cost ratio" and "internal rate of return". A second advantage is that there is no suggestion that all "benefits" have been considered; decision-makers are free to use their own value judgements to trade off total cost against non-monetizable social, environmental and economic impacts, just as they trade off quality and convenience against cost when purchasing goods and services in their roles as consumers. The TCA approach is demonstrated in this paper through a case study of two systemwide alternatives for the Baltimore, MD urban area.     

Teleworking in the Netherlands: an evaluation of changes in travel behaviour

This article describes the first experiment on teleworking in the Netherlands, and presents the results of an analysis of the impact of teleworking on the travel behaviour of the participants in the experiment and their household members. It was concluded that teleworking has resulted in a significant decrease in the total number of trips by teleworkers (–17%). Peak-hour traffic by car has been reduced even more (–26%). An unexpected result was that the household members of the teleworkers also appeared to travel less than before the experiment.     

常规沥青的针入度等级和PG高温等级间的关系

选取了具有代表性和涵盖性的7种常规沥青试样,分别进行了薄膜烘箱老化前后的25℃针入度和多个温度下的动态剪切试验;测试了沥青胶浆以及经现场老化的常规沥青的25℃针入度及其PG高温指标。在综合分析各种沥青的试验结果的基础上,提出了常规沥青的针入度等级和SUPERPAVE的PG高温等级间的关系。     

我国道路客运业的现状及发展对客车制造业的影响

本文对我国道路客运业的现状和特点进行了分析介绍,指出道路客运业向集约化、规模化发展,客运经营主体的资质、经营管理水平等需要进一步的提高。道路客运业的发展对客车制造企业提出了更多要求,但二者又是相互融合、共同发展的。     

高压共轨式电控柴油机动态仿真研究

建立了一个准稳态的发动机非线性模型,该模型主要用于研究高压共轨式电控柴油机的动态特性以及各种控制参数对发动机性能的影响。以车用YC6112ZLQ柴油机为仿真对象,在MATLAB/SIMULINK环境下完成模型的建立并进行了动态过程的实时仿真,给出了典型稳态及动态过程的仿真结果。     

Neighborhood services,trip purpose,and tour-based travel

Communities are increasingly looking to land use planning strategies to reduce drive-alone travel. Many planning efforts aim to develop neighborhoods with higher levels of accessibility that will allow residents to shop closer to home and drive fewer miles. To better understand how accessible land use patterns relate to household travel behavior, this paper is divided into three sections. The first section describes the typical range of services available in areas with high neighborhood accessibility. It explains how trip-based travel analysis is limited because it does not consider the linked (chained) nature of most travel. The second section describes a framework that provides a more behavioral understanding of household travel. This framework highlights travel tours, the sequence of trips that begin and end at home, as the basic unit of analysis. The paper offers a typology of travel tours to account for different travel purposes; by doing so, this typology helps understand tours relative to the range of services typically offered in accessible neighborhoods. The final section empirically analyzes relationships between tour type and neighborhood access using detailed travel data from the Central Puget Sound region (Seattle, Washington). Households living in areas with higher levels of neighborhood access are found to complete more tours and make fewer stops per tour. They make more simple tours (out and back) for work and maintenance (personal, appointment, and shopping) trip purposes but there is no difference in the frequency of other types of tours. While they travel shorter distances for maintenance-type errands, a large portion of their maintenance travel is still pursued outside the neighborhood. These findings suggest that while higher levels of neighborhood access influences travel tours, it does not spur households to complete the bulk of their errands close to home.